暴时极光区热层大气焦耳加热与F区电离耗空的EISCAT雷达观测

利用ＥＩＳＣＡＴ雷达探测数据，分析计算了太阳活动高年夏季发生的一次强磁暴期间，极光区电离层对流电场、电导率以及焦耳加热速率等着重考察了Ｅ区热怪大气焦耳加热和Ｆ区离子摩擦增温与Ｆ区电子密度耗空的关系发现在下午东向极光电集流期间，电子密度最大耗空出现在Ｆ区３００－３２５ｋｍ高度，时间恰在积分的Ｅ区大气焦耳加热量大值和Ｆ区最大离子增温之后５－１０ｍｉｎ，耗空率达７０％。     

1Cr18Ni9Ti 对接管接头表面缺陷分析

对接管接头采用1Cr18Ni9Ti 棒材生产,经过机械加工后与相同牌号管材焊接,焊接后酸洗发现

零件表面存在缺陷。通过对失效件缺陷形貌观察、化学成分分析、金相分析及显微硬度测试,并结合酸洗试验。

结果表明:对接管接头材料内部存在沿变形流线的贫铬区,导致该区域的耐蚀性差,在机加工的过程中贫铬区

暴露在表面或近表面,在酸洗过程中该区域被优先腐蚀,形成了蚀孔类宏观缺陷,此贫铬现象为原材料缺陷。

     

A method for automatic detection and characterization of plasma bubbles using GPS and BDS data

Detecting and characterizing Total Electron Content (TEC) depletion is important for studying the ionospheric threat due to the Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) when applying the Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) at low latitudes. This paper develops a robust method to automatically identify TEC depletion and derive its parameters. The rolling barrel algorithm is used to automatically identify the TEC depletion candidate and its parameters. Then, the depletion candidates are screened by several improved techniques to distinguish actual depletions from other phenomena such as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance (TID) or abnormal data. Next, based on the depletion signals from three triangular receivers, the method derives EPB parameters such as velocity, width and gradient. The time lag and front velocity are calculated based on cross-correlation using TEC depletions and the geometrical distribution of three triangular receivers. The width and gradient of slope are then determined by using TEC depletion from a single receiver. By comparison, both the station-pair method and proposed method depend on the assumption that the EPB morphology is frozen during the short time when the plasma bubble moves between the receivers. However, our method relaxes the restriction that the baseline length should be shorter than the width of slope required by the station-pair. This relaxation is favorable for studying small-scale slope of depletions using stations of a longer baseline. In addition, the accuracy of the width and gradient is free of impact from hardware biases and small-scale disturbance, as it is based only on the relative TEC variation. The method is demonstrated by processing Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) data on 15 August, 2018, in a solar minimum cycle.     

“双顺差”下中国经济隐含的危机

中国的国际收支正处于“双顺差”阶段,一些学者认为“双顺差”是中国经济迅速腾飞的必经阶段,而另一些学者提出“双顺差”正给中国带来巨大的福利损失。文章对“双顺差”的成因进行分析,指出“双顺差”使中国经济孕育的风险增加,环境污染加剧,资源和能源耗竭速度加快,企业遭遇贸易争端的风险增加,政府储备机构承受的风险越来越高。要控制和缓解“双顺差”带来的危机,可采取以下对策：优化利用外资结构,提高外商投资的门槛;优化和提升出口产品结构,禁止战略性资源出口;扩大内需,降低中国经济的对外贸易依存度;适当放松资本管制,但要抑制非法资本的流入;制定鼓励进口的政策,扩大进口贸易。     

铬白口铸铁中硅对组织形态的影响

本文采用高硅进行白口铸铁的合金化。实验发现，随着硅含量的增加，碳化物形貌由网状向断网状、直至分散孤立的条块状变化，碳化物的含量逐渐增加，碳化物的尺寸细化，碳化物硬度、基体硬度也逐渐增大。当硅量〉２．５％，铬量〉５％时，组织中出现了Ｍ７Ｃ３。     

Study of ozone and sulfur dioxide using Thailand based Brewer Spectrophotometers

Ozone (O₃) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) in a vertical column of the atmosphere in Thailand were obtained from the Brewers#121 and #120. There are similarities between the O₃ patterns obtained from the two sites, which are higher in the summer and rainy season compared with winter, although the magnitude of the change in Bangkok is greater than that in Songkhla. SO₂ values showed the summer months provide the higher SO₂ values in Bangkok, in contrast to Songkhla where the summer months give lower SO₂ values.     

GPS scintillation and TEC depletion near the northern crest of equatorial anomaly over South China

This study presents a statistical analysis of GPS L-band scintillation with data observed from July 2008 to March 2012 at the northern crest of equatorial anomaly stations in Guangzhou and Shenzhen of South China. The variations of the scintillation with local time, season, solar activity and duration of scintillation patches were investigated. The relationship between the scintillation and TEC depletion was also reported. Our results revealed that GPS scintillation occurred from 19:30 LT (pre-midnight) to 03:00 LT (post-midnight). During quiet solar activity years, the scintillation was only observed in pre-midnight hours of equinox months and patches durations were mostly less than 60 min. During high solar activity years, more scintillation occurred in the pre-midnight hours of equinox and winter months; and GPS scintillation started to occur in the post-midnight hours of summer and winter. The duration of scintillation patches extended to 180 min in high solar activity years. Solar activity had a larger effect to strong scintillations (S₄ > 0.6) than to weak scintillations (0.6 ? S₄ > 0.2). Strong scintillations were accompanied by TEC depletion especially in equinox months. We also discussed the relationship between TEC depletion and plasma bubble.     

金属膜片贮箱推进剂消耗不平衡分析

分析了某型号推进系统金属膜片贮箱推进剂消耗不平衡问题,建立了不平衡消耗的计算模型,对地面排放试验和飞行时系统推进剂消耗不平衡量进行了计算。并通过地面试验对计算数据进行了比较。结果表明,根据系统的静态计算模型,给定影响因素偏差来确定推进剂消耗不平衡的计算方法正确、有效。