Experimental study of single-row chevron-jet impingement heat transfer on concave surfaces with different curvatures

To address the curvature effect on single-row chevron-nozzle jet impingement heat transfer on concave surface, a series of experiments are conducted in the present investigation.Four concave surfaces including one semi-cylindrical concave surface and three parabolic concave surfaces with different width-to-depth ratios are tested under three typical Reynolds numbers(Re = 5000,10000 and 15000) and several dimensionless nozzle-to-surface distances ranging from 1 to 8.The results show that the concave curvature has a clear impact on chevron-nozzle jet impingement heat transfer, tightly dependent on jet Reynolds number and impinging distance.In general, the semicylindrical concave surface produces the highest longitudinally-averaged Nusselt number at the leading line of concave surface.Under a low jet Reynolds number, the parabolic concave surface with a highly curved curvature produces higher longitudinally-averaged Nusselt number at the leading line and more uniform longitudinally-averaged Nusselt number distribution along the curvilinear direction.However, the longitudinally-averaged Nusselt number at the leading line of concave surface is the lowest for the highly curved surface under a high jet Reynolds number and large impinging distance.In comparison with the round-nozzle, chevron nozzle plays a more significant role on improving jet impingement heat transfer at small impinging distances.     

锯齿型喷口抑制热喷流噪声的实验研究

利用位于全消声室中的热喷流噪声实验台对涵道比为5.5的分开式排气系统进行了吹风实验,研究了在热喷流状态下带有挂件的锯齿型喷口对分开式排气系统远声场的影响,进一步分析了锯齿的分布方式以及结构参数对喷流噪声降噪特性的影响。结果表明,锯齿型喷口可以降低喷流低频段的噪声,并且在下游方向具有最好的低频段降噪效果;锯齿的分布方式对降噪效果的影响最大,仅在内涵添加锯齿结构的喷口可以抑制高频噪声的产生,在下游的总声压级降噪量为1.4~2.4d B;齿数的增加可以抑制高频噪声的增加;切入角的变化对降噪效果有一定的影响,但是远小于分布方式的影响。     

外形参数对涡扇发动机冠状喷口气动性能影响

为准确评估涡扇发动机冠状喷口的气动性能，首先提出了一种基于流量守恒的出口定义方式，并验证该出口定义方式与物理出口的一致性，然后对冠状喷口在设计点和非设计点工况下的气动性能进行了系统性评估与考察。结果表明：在设计点工况下，冠状喷口外形参数中，内切角对推力性能影响最大、齿数影响次之、齿长影响最小；冠状喷口下游流向涡对是导致剪切层增厚、湍动能衰减、核心区长度减小的主要原因；在非设计点工况下，冠状喷口可有效降低出口附近的激波强度，使其堵塞状态压比远高于基础构型喷管。     

A model-scale test on noise from single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries in static conditions

A model-scale test with single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries was carried out at the anechoic chamber of Beihang University in Beijing, China. The spectral characteristics are investigated, and the effects of the following parametric variations are reported in this paper: impact of nozzle operating conditions on spectra; impact of the presence of a plug; and effectiveness of chevron configurations for noise mitigation. The measurement shows that the change of pressure values has more impact on spectra than the change of temperature values. The spectral change due to pressure is shown at all band numbers for unheated conditions whereas it is more pronounced at high-frequency ranges for heated conditions. An impact of the presence of a plug is also clearly observed. The reduction of noise is moderate up to band number of 35, and becomes more significant at higher band numbers. It is observed that chevron nozzles are more efficient at high pressure and temperature values. It is expected that the quantified analysis will be used to develop an empirical model of single jet noise, which will be the baseline for the development of prediction of noise from turbofan engines of high bypass ratios.     

V型尾缘喷管流场特性数值模拟

模拟计算了一系列V型尾缘(Chevron)收敛喷管的详细涡结构(包括流向涡和展向涡)、引射系数、推力损失等性能,并与相关实验结果进行了对比验证。采用有限体积QUC IK格式和标准k-ε湍流模型,结合壁面函数求解雷诺平均的N-S方程。通过模拟计算与实验结果的对比,验证了计算方法的可行性。通过计算得出:V型尾缘喷管齿弯角越大,核心区长度越短,喷管出口下游的流向涡和展向涡的强度和尺度也越大。V型尾缘的齿弯角每增加1°,对应的喷管的堵塞比约增加0.98%,喷管的推力损失约增加1.71%,引射系数约增加3.45%。