Initial nighttime ionospheric observations with advanced ionospheric probe onboard FORMOSAT-5

FORMOSAT-5 satellite was launched into a sun-synchronous orbit at 720 km altitude with 98.28° inclination on 25 August 2017. The onboard scientific payload, Advanced Ionospheric Probe (AIP) is capable of measuring topside ionospheric ion density, cross-track flow velocities, ion composition and temperature, and electron temperature. Initial observations of nighttime midlatitude ionospheric density and vertical flow velocity variations at 2230 LT sector during a few quiet magnetic days in December 2017 are studied here. Longitudinal density variations in the equatorward edge of midlatitude ionospheric trough (MIT) region are noticed. Accompanied with this density variation, the vertical flow velocities also behave differently. Although the density difference has been stated due to zonal wind effect related to the declination of the geomagnetic field lines, the vertical flow velocity variation seems to play the opposite role. All these density and vertical flow observations in the northern winter hemisphere can only be explained by the longitudinal differences in the diffusion velocity coming down from the protonsphere (plasmasphere). In addition, the hemispheric asymmetry in the vertical flow velocity can also be explained by the interaction between the topside ionosphere and the protonsphere. The observed vertical flow variations near MIT at different longitudes should present a new potential tool for the study of MIT formation.     

High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

工业CT检测技术在5 kN发动机研制中的应用

针对5 kN发动机结构焊缝和复合材料喷管不可检不可测的难题,开展了工业CT检测技术研究。分析了复杂结构焊缝和复合材料喷管的常规方法检测难点,利用工业CT检测技术穿透能力强、不受工件复杂结构影响的优势,对5 kN发动机产品中的电子束焊缝、氩弧焊焊缝、复合材料喷管等结构进行了检测试验,得到了良好的检测效果。结果表明,工业CT检测技术可以识别5 kN发动机产品中的气孔、未焊透、分层、裂纹等缺陷,并实现对缺陷的定位与测量,可为焊缝质量评估提供依据。     

MA 及原位-热压合成TiC/ Ti5 Si3 复合材料

以Ti粉、Si粉和C粉为原料,利用高能球磨及热压工艺合成了TiC/Ti5Si3陶瓷复合材料。研究了工艺条件尤其是热压温度对合成产物相组成及微观结构的影响,并结合DSC、XRD和SEM对反应合成机理进行探讨。结果表明:通过优化合成工艺,高能球磨12 h,热压温度1 400℃时,烧结6 h得到了高纯度的TiC/Ti5Si3陶瓷复合材料;合成过程为:反应开始时发生Ti+C■TiC,反应ΔG=-167.72 kJ/mol。2 h时发生5TiC+8Si■Ti5Si3+5SiC,反应ΔG=-62.12 kJ/mol,当6 h时发生3SiC+8Ti■Ti5Si3+3TiC,反应ΔG=-697.8 kJ/mol。显微结构表明:TiC/Ti5Si3复合材料的合成过程伴随Si熔融,该材料以TiC-Si-Ti5Si3形式相结合,其中Si为黏结剂。     

铝合金剪切旋压残余应力分布规律

研究了剪切旋压加热温度、进给率和半锥角对残余应力分布的影响规律.试验结果表明:旋压进给比增大,残余压应力减小;适宜的旋压变形温度范围有利于降低工件表面残余应力;半锥角对工件表面残余应力的影响不显著,5A06铝合金旋压适宜采用30°～45°的半锥角.     

飞机座舱内饰视觉仿真方法研究

讨论了飞机座舱内饰视觉仿真的研究内容及方法,建立了飞机内饰视觉仿真方法框架模型。以CATIA为平台,依据GJB、HB等有关标准建立了飞机座舱模型,并根据视线追踪算法利用SPEOS CAA V5的LM模块对驾驶员的视线进行追踪仿真,在飞机设计阶段针对座舱眩光问题开展了虚拟分析并提出了解决方案。     

三维全五向编织复合材料的细观结构分析

基于三维全五向矩形编织工艺的携纱器运动规律,系统研究了三维全五向编织复合材料的纱线空间运动方式、纱线间交织结构形态,建立了三维全五向编织结构各区域的单胞几何模型,推导了编织角等工艺参数与各单胞结构参数间的数学关系,计算了纤维体积分数的预测值,并与实测值相比误差较小,表明所建模型较为合理、准确.     

基于Red5和Flex的地面运行控制系统设计

根据南航北京分公司的地面生产情况,提出了一套完善的地面生产监控系统设计方案。地面生产监控系统主要用于监控飞机预落及在机坪上的生产活动,并采用事件机制协调SOC、CGS、货运及飞机维修厂的生产工作。该系统将对运行指挥部的地面航班监控提供强力支持,对保障航班正常性及延误原因调查具有重要意义。提出以网络在线游戏的设计理念和架构处理企业生产问题,从而满足一线运行单位对信息系统即时性、易用性和易部署性的强烈需求。     

铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料点焊的研究

研究了铜与铜镶嵌非晶体焊料ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ点焊,以及调整点焊温度场来降低焊接区铜的熔点,提高焊接区电能利用率的措施;叙述了铜与铜镶嵌ＱＪＹ－５Ａ、ＱＪＹ－５Ｂ焊料点焊焊核形成过程及特点。     

一个面向5轴曲面加工的实时NURBS曲面插补器

提出了一个实时非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面插补器,论述了5轴平头刀加工方法运用Taylor展开和坐标变换方法分别推导并实现了NURBS插补、刀具有效加工半径、刀具补偿以及逆运动变换等算法。与传统自由曲面加工不同的是,所提出的插补器能根据刀触点进给率而非刀位点进给率实时生成计算机数控(CNC)机床运动指令。对实例零件曲面进行演示与仿真分析结果表明该曲面插补器可以应用于5轴曲面加工中。