表面处理对17-4PH不锈钢抗固体粒子冲蚀性能的影响

为对比研究表面处理对17-4PH不锈钢抗固体粒子冲蚀性能的影响,在17-4PH不锈钢表面进行了多弧离子镀陶瓷/金属多层膜制备、激光表面合金化(LSA)处理和超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)硬质合金层处理,利用划痕仪、自组装的不锈钢抗固体粒子冲蚀(SPE)装置、多冲疲劳试验机对上述三种表面处理试样的小攻角和大攻角SPE失效行为和机理进行了研究。结果表明,微切削是17-4PH不锈钢及其表面改性试样小攻角下固体粒子冲蚀破坏的主要失效机制,多冲型疲劳破坏是17-4PH不锈钢及其表面改性试样大攻角下固体粒子冲蚀的主要失效机制。HVOF WC-17Co涂层可显著提高17-4PH不锈钢30°小攻角和90°大攻角下SPE抗力。激光表面合金化层能够改善17-4PH不锈钢抗30°小攻角和90°大攻角下SPE性能,但SPE性能改善效果弱于HVOF喷涂涂层。TiAl N/Ti多层膜不能显著提高17-4PH不锈钢抗30°小攻角和90°大攻角的SPE性能。     

等温锻造对Ti-17粉末合金显微组织的影响

采用烧结 等温锻造的方法制备Ti-17粉末合金,对粉末合金制备过程中各工序的密度、显微组织变化规律等进行了试验研究.试验结果表明:经相同条件烧结后,-140目粉末烧结棒材和-80/ 140目粉末烧结棒材分别达到理论密度的98.06%和93.55%,在-80/ 140目粉末烧结棒材显微组织中观察到有大量的残留空隙存在.采用高低温等温锻造工艺能够有效去除粉末合金烧结后残留的空隙,提高合金的密度,使合金的显微组织得到显著细化和均匀化.烧结 等温锻造是制备优质粉末钛合金的有效方法.     

TC17 合金焊接接头显微组织与疲劳裂纹扩展特性

研究了TC17钛合金惯性摩擦焊焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展规律,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜对材料的显微组织和断口形貌进行分析。结果表明:TC17钛合金母材为α+β网篮状组织,晶粒较大;焊缝区和热影响区内可以看到明显的原β相晶界,焊缝区的原β晶粒较细小,热影响区的原β晶粒较粗大,晶粒内部存在细小的α相。在室温下,当ΔK≤15 MPa.m1/2时,焊缝区疲劳裂纹扩展速率较小,而当ΔK≥15 MPa.m1/2时,焊缝区的扩展速率最大,其次是热影响区,母材的裂纹扩展速率最小;在高温下,焊接接头各部位的裂纹扩展速率相差不大,均小于室温。     

C-400地空导弹武器系统性能分析与比较

C-400即将进入战斗值班形成战斗力,它是未来俄罗斯防空导弹体系中的中远程部分.由于俄对其长期保密,外界对它的了解甚少.综合国内外资料对其多个分系统进行了性能初步分析,并与"爱国者"地空导弹武器系统等进行了对比.     

First results of investigating the space environment onboard the Universitetskii-Tatyana satellite

The complex of scientific pay load installed onboard the research and educational Universitetskii-Tatyana microsatellite of Moscow State University is described. The complex is designed to study charged particles in the near-earth space and ultraviolet emissions of the atmosphere. Data of the measurements of charged particle fluxes in the microsatellite orbit are presented, spectra are calculated, and the dynamics of penetration boundaries for protons of solar cosmic rays (SCR) during geomagnetic disturbances in 2005 is investigated. Intensities of the ultraviolet emission are measured in the entire range of variation of the atmospheric irradiation, as well as intensities of auroras in the polar regions of the Northern and Southern hemispheres. The experimental data on flashes of ultraviolet radiation (transient light phenomena in the upper atmosphere) are considered, and some examples of oscillograms of their temporal development and their distribution over geographical coordinates are presented. Original Russian Text ? V.A. Sadovnichy, M.I. Panasyuk, S.Yu. Bobrovnikov, N.N. Vedenkin, N.A. Vlasova, G.K. Garipov, O.R. Grigorian, T.A. Ivanova, V.V. Kalegaev, P.A. Klimov, A.S. Kovtyukh, S.A. Krasotkin, N.V. Kuznetsov, S.N. Kuznetsov, E.A. Muravyeva, I.N. Myagkova, N.N. Pavlov, R.A. Nymmik, V.L. Petrov, M.V. Podzolko, V.V. Radchenko, S.Ya. Reisman, I.A. Rubinshtein, M.O. Riazantseva, E.A. Sigaeva, E.N. Sosnovets, L.I. Starostin, A.V. Sukhanov, V.I. Tulupov, B.A. Khrenov, V.M. Shakhparonov, V.N. Sheveleva, A.V. Shirokov, I.V. Yashin, V.V. Markelov, N.N. Ivanov, V.N. Blinov, O.Yu. Sedykh, V.P. Pinigin, A.P. Papkov, E.S. Levin, V.M. Samkov, N.N. Ignatiev, V.S. Yamnikol, 2007, published in Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, 2007, vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 291–305.     

模拟打伤/抛修缺口对TC17钛合金叶片振动疲劳性能的影响

研究了无缺口、打伤缺口和3种抛修缺口对TC17钛合金叶片振动疲劳性能的影响.结果表明,无缺口模拟叶片的疲劳寿命最长且寿命分散性最小,打伤缺口模拟叶片的疲劳寿命最短且寿命分散性最大,3种抛修缺口模拟叶片的疲劳寿命介于前两者之间,其中抛修缺口Ⅰ模拟叶片的疲劳寿命最长.无缺口和抛修缺口模拟叶片的疲劳裂纹均起源于叶片根部,打伤...     

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System (BMCS) are studied from climatic data, “Marathon Exp. Leg.8, 1984” data, and Sea surface temperature (SST) data base “ds277-Reynolds” (1981–2000). The South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) is divided in two main types: tropical (TW) and subtropical water (ST). Water masses, Fronts, Inter-Frontal and Frontal Zones are analysed and classified: (a) the water masses: Tropical Low-Salinity Water, Tropical Surface Water, Tropical Tropospheric Water, Subtropical Low-Salinity Water, Subtropical Surface Water, Subtropical Tropospheric Water. T,S characteristics of intermediate, deep and bottom water defined by different authors are confirmed and completed; (b) the Inter-Frontal Zones: Tropical/Brazil Current Zone, Subtropical Zone and Subantarctic Zone; (c) the Frontal Zones: Subtropical, Subantarctic and Polar, and (d) the Fronts: Subtropical Front of the Brazil Current, Principal Subtropical Front, North Subtropical Front, Subtropical Surface Front, South Subtropical Front, Subantarctic Surface Front, Subantarctic Front and Polar Front. Several stable T–S relationships are found below the friction layer and at the Fronts. The maximum gradient of the oceanographic characteristics occurs at the Brazil Current Front, which can be any of the subtropical Fronts, depending on season. Minimum mean depth of the pycnocline coincides with the Fronts of the BMCS, indicating the paths of low-salinity shelf waters into the open ocean. In the work it is shown how to recover the horizontal and vertical thermohaline structure of waters from satellite data RSMAS SST.     

TC17钛合金激光喷丸应力场及支持向量机应力热松弛模型

对TC17钛合金进行了不同功率密度下激光喷丸强化,使用X射线衍射仪测试了激光喷丸冲击波诱导的残余压应力场的分布,测试了不同温度真空保温下残余压应力的热松弛规律,最后基于支持向量机理论建立了残余压应力热松弛预测模型,并用试验结果对模型进行验证.研究表明:TC17钛合金在功率密度为4GW/cm2时表层残余压应力场最佳;残余压应力在280℃和450℃真空保温150min后分别有11.24%和27.11%的松弛;在280℃和450℃交替保温160min后应力松弛33.9%;残余压应力在试验温度保温160min后有大部分剩余,可以有效提高TC17钛合金抗疲劳性能、基于支持向量机的预测模型能够较精确的表征TC17钛合金的应力松弛规律,满足工程使用要求,对其他材料表层残余压应力热松弛分析具有借鉴意义.      

TC17钛合金铣削刀具磨损对残余应力影响研究

为了获得高性能航空发动机用TC17钛合金材料铣削过程中刀具磨损对残余应力的影响规律,通过对不同刀具后刀面磨损量下铣削工件表层残余应力的测试,建立了刀具磨损对残余应力的影响关系,并对影响机理进行了分析。结果表明,硬质合金刀具低速铣削钛合金时,刀具对已加工表面的挤光效应引起的残余压应力占主导地位;不同刀具后刀面磨损量下,残余压应力沿深度方向先增大达到一个最大压应力值后,然后减小趋向于零应力;表面残余应力、最大残余压应力以及残余应力的影响深度都随刀具后刀面磨损量的增大呈增大趋势。     

钛合金叶片前缘的外物损伤残余应力数值分析

为研究航空发动机叶片外物损伤(FOD)位置残余应力的分布规律,根据真实叶片前缘特征设计了模拟叶片,基于Johnson-Cook本构模型,使用LS-DYNA软件仿真分析钢珠以不同角度冲击钛合金模拟叶片前缘的过程,对比仿真与相同试验条件下的空气炮模拟外物损伤试验的FOD损伤形貌与宏观尺寸,验证了有限元模型的正确性。提取仿真计算的不同入射角度对应的FOD位置残余应力分布,结果表明:钢珠以0°角入射时,钢珠冲击产生的接触力和变形能明显大于其他入射角度的情况,说明钢珠偏斜一定角度入射时造成的偏斜型缺口处的材料失效与变形不如外物正撞前缘形成的半圆型缺口严重;在FOD缺口底部尖端靠近入射表面区域存在明显的残余拉应力。随着入射角度的增大,残余拉应力区的范围逐渐扩大,残余拉应力最大值逐渐减小。