Effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of brush-labyrinth seals at various operating conditions

Over the last few decades, the research on the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals is not sufficient. To this end, two kinds of brush-labyrinth seals for the bristle pack element installed upstream of the labyrinth teeth named BSU and installed downstream of the labyrinth teeth called BSD were used to investigate the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals. Using the numerical model combining the porous medium model and the whirling rotor method, the rotordynamic characteristics of the BSU and BSD at various operating conditions including four kinds of pressure ratios, five kinds of inlet preswirl speeds and four kinds of rotor spinning speeds were conducted. The obtained results show that the effects of operating conditions on rotordynamic coefficients for the different seal configurations are different. The direct stiffness, cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping of the BSU are lower than those of the BSD. The rotordynamic coefficients of the BSU are more insensitive to the operating conditions variation. From the perspective of the seal stability, the BSU is a better brush-labyrinth seal configuration at high pressure ratio, high positive preswirl or high rotor spinning speed conditions. While in the case of low pressure ratio, low positive preswirl or low rotor spinning speed conditions, the BSD is a better choice.     

Flow mechanism between purge flow and mainstream in different turbine rim seal configurations

The rim seal is used to prevent mainstream ingestion to the gap between the vane of a turbine and its blade. In this article, the dolphin lip with a hook configuration and a large seal cavity with hook structures are designed based on the high-pressure turbine datum single shark lip rim seal configuration. The sealing effect and parameters of the flow field are measured by an experiment method and a numerical simulation is used to explain the mechanism. For three configurations, the effect of the leakage slot vortex on the efficiency of the seal and the influence of leakage vortex, generated by the interaction between purge flow and mainstream flow, are discussed in depth. The result shows that the reverse vortex formed by the dolphin lip rim seal with hook structure will increase the sealing efficiency. The seal configuration with a large cavity improves sealing efficiency to a greater extent than the datum structure. At different purge flow rates and with unequal seal structures, the purge flow produces three types of leakage vortices in the passage. Besides, the seal configuration with dolphin lip produces a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface of the purge and the mainstream flows at a low purge flow rate to induce new leakage vortex branches in the passage of the blade.     

编队卫星的状态测量方法综述及可行的高精度星间基线测量方案研究

基线高精度测量是编队卫星应用需要解决的关键技术之一。针对这个问题,文章从3个方面进行了阐述。首先,综述目前国内外常用的编队卫星状态测量手段,然后在前面分析的基础上,结合编队卫星基线的表示方法和卫星编队飞行的特点,提出了2种可行的基线激光测量方案,并对它们各自的测量精度进行了简单地分析。从分析的结果来看,这2种方法均能实现高精度的基线测量。     

螺旋槽端面气膜密封结构高温特性研究

为了研究螺旋槽端面气膜密封结构在高温下的密封性能,建立了高温密封分析数学模型,研究了螺旋槽气膜密封的气膜温度、压力以及端面变形分布规律,在此基础上探讨了螺旋槽气膜密封的热变形机理,并进一步分析了不同密封压力、转速、环境温度下热效应对开启力和泄漏率的影响。结果表明:在高压、高速条件下,热效应使端面形成发散间隙,导致开启力减小,泄漏率增加;在低压、高速条件下,热效应使端面形成收敛间隙,导致开启力及泄漏率增大。对于螺旋槽端面气膜密封结构,环境温度的升高对端面变形的影响不明显,且环境温度从300 K升至550 K时,考虑端面热效应的开启力减小4%,泄漏率减少36%。     

旋转对固体火箭发动机燃烧室燃气流动的影响

采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,计算了某管状装药旋转固体火箭发动机在不同旋转速度情况下的燃烧室喷管统一流场,着重分析了不同转速情况下燃烧室内燃气流动的特点,得到了该发动机燃烧室内旋流切向速度沿径向分布趋势以及旋流涡核半径在不同转速情况下的变化特点,对燃烧室前封头局部区域的流场结构也进行了较为细致的分析.     

基于多孔介质模型的指尖密封泄漏流动分析

将指尖密封处理为多孔介质,把压力梯度作为多孔介质动量方程中的源项,根据试验结果确定了源项中的系数,结合指尖密封的结构参数提出了用于指尖密封泄漏的多孔介质模型,利用该模型计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,证明利用该模型模拟指尖密封泄漏是可行的.流场计算结果表明:指尖密封与转子接触部分的孔隙率对泄漏影响比较大,指尖密封的承压部分主要为后挡板内径以下区域.      

波浪形非均匀间隙封严结构影响涡轮性能的数值模拟

利用数值模拟的方法研究了波浪形非均匀间隙封严结构和均匀轴向间隙封严结构下轮缘封严气流对涡轮性能的影响.研究表明:燃气入侵与出流结构受到静盘、动盘及主流切向速度的影响,以低于动盘转速同向旋转,并改变了转子的进气条件,增强了压力面马蹄涡强度,因此对转子出口流场造成很大影响.封严气流与上游导叶尾迹的相互作用引起转子通道内熵增,造成涡轮效率的下降.与均匀轴向间隙封严结构相比,波浪形非均匀间隙封严结构使大的入侵与出流结构破碎为小的结构,对涡轮性能的负面影响减小,涡轮效率提高了0.9%.结果证明了波浪形非均匀间隙封严结构在具有较好的封严效果的同时提高了涡轮性能.      

考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用的指尖密封瞬态性能分析

针对已有指尖密封性能分析工作中未考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用使得指尖密封的理论分析与工程实际有较明显差距的问题,建立了考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能分析模型,对是否考虑泄漏间隙中有压流体作用的指尖密封性能差异进行了比较分析.研究结果表明:指尖密封性能分析工作需要考虑泄漏间隙有压流体的作用.考虑泄漏间隙有压流体作用指尖密封的泄漏率较不考虑有压流体作用的泄漏率最大增加了234.7%,且有压流体作用使指尖密封泄漏率随转速增加的趋势更加显著.      

气压变化对光纤陀螺仪零偏稳定性 的影响及抑制方法研究

光纤陀螺仪可用于测量载体相对惯性空间的角运动, 是光纤惯导系统的核 心部件。因此,要求光纤陀螺仪具有较高的精度和良好的环境适应性。光纤环是光纤陀 螺仪的角速度敏感部件,光纤环受到环境因素影响,将导致光纤陀螺仪精度下降,因此 需要对光纤环采取适当的保护措施。分析了气压变化导致光纤陀螺仪零偏稳定性变差的 机理： 环境气压的急剧变化, 会使光纤环上产生附加应力, 造成光纤的折射率分布不 均,导致光路产生非互易性相位差,使光纤陀螺仪零偏产生漂移,零偏稳定性变差;并 提出了对光纤陀螺仪进行密封的措施来抑制该效应。经试验验证,采用此密封设计后, 光纤陀螺仪在变气压环境中的零偏稳定性改善了近10 倍。     

作动筒密封圈断裂分析

某型飞机起落架作动筒发生漏油故障,分解后发现作动筒橡胶密封圈断裂,直接影响了飞行安全。通过对断裂的密封圈断口及表面进行观察和硬度测定,分析密封圈的失效性质及断裂产生的原因,确定了橡胶密封圈失效模式,并提出了纠正措施。