关于对喷水室热工计算公式的分析及修正

通过分析喷水室内水和空气之间的热质交换过程，指出目前采用的热工计算公式的不足，并在此基础上推导出喷水室热平衡方程新公式，对理论教学起到一定的指导作用。     

解读企业财务"三表"的方法与技巧研究

企业财务“三表”是反映企业家底、经营全貌、发展前景、未来命运的“蓝图”和“家谱”,企业的投资、经营、监督者,只有精于解读,才能正确投资决策、提高企业效益、规避经营风险、实施有效监管。     

风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术研究

采用双尾支撑测量形式的加工、装配误差会使系统内应力过大,影响测量精度。针对某“双机身”飞机CTS 风洞试验气动力测量需求,发展基于多维力天平内置的风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术;研制具有消除系统内应力功能的双支撑系统,提出两种6 分量双支撑天平校准及测力方法,并对数据处理和双支撑系统可靠性进行检验加载、对比分析和验证。结果表明：风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术能够有效消除双支撑天平系统由于过约束而导致的固有装配内应力,双支撑天平系统各部分连接、测量可靠;两种校准测力方法测量精度相当,均能达到单台应变天平测量误差水平,可满足风洞试验测量精度需求;综合考虑现有校准设备校准能力,最终采用“合成式校准测力”方法进行的风洞试验,获得了满意的试验测力精度。     

磁悬挂天平导航控制系统的应用与研究

介绍了利用美国国家仪器有限公司(简称NI:National Instruments)的软件LabVIEW和硬件高速定时器/计数器,以及含步进电机的CCD线阵列式位置传感器支架来实现的磁悬挂天平MSBS(Magnetic Suspension and Balance System)导航控制系统,其中主要包括它的俯仰、左右和平动方向的导航控制.磁悬挂天平是进行风洞实验的理想装置,其基本核心技术之一就是进行导航控制.该系统基于LabVIEW7.0平台进行编程,具有操作界面友好直观、导航控制精度高、便于扩展等特点.磁悬挂天平导航控制系统是"30cm×30cm磁悬挂天平装置"及"30cm×30cm低速高品质气流风洞装置"的重要组成部分.     

飞机全机悬空静力试验技术

新飞机研制必须经全机悬空静力试验验证其结构的强度是否满足强度规范和CCAR23适航条例要求。本文针对飞机全机悬空静力试验的技术方法和试验误差分析进行了简要介绍。     

Broglio Drag Balance for neutral thermosphere density measurement on UNICubeSAT

The nanosatellite UNICubeSAT is described, carrying a Broglio Drag Balance Instrument for neutral thermosphere density in situ measurements. The aim of the mission is to contribute to the development of accurate thermosphere models, achieving in situ, real time measurements of atmosphere density, that could be exploited for global atmosphere model validation and accurate short term (1–3 days) real time space weather forecasts. The satellite is inexpensive and swarms could be easily launched operating as a distributed sensor network to get simultaneous in situ local (not orbit averaged) measurements in multiple positions and orbit heights. The nanosatellite is based on the Cubesat standard architecture, weighing about 1 kg for 1-L volume. Atmospheric drag force is measured by the displacement of light plates exposed to the incoming particle flux seen by the spacecraft, applying the original three dimensional Broglio Drag Balance concept to a single nanosatellite axis. The instrument concept and its relation to the satellite bus is depicted, showing that many long term potential measurement error sources and biases can be removed in data processing if the spacecraft is spin stabilized. The expected accuracy in density measurements is 20%. The instrument cost is a fraction of that of accurate accelerometers. The onboard systems are based on commercial off the shelf components, in accordance with the short lifetime typical of aeronomy satellites.     

固体火箭发动机试验测量系统零位变化研究

介绍了测试系统推力测量中常见的零位变化现象,对零位变化的原理进行了分析,并提出了针对性的数据处理方法。     

On the Flux of Water and Minor Volatiles from the Surface of Comet Nuclei

Surface temperature and the available effective energy strongly influence the mass flux of H₂O and minor volatiles from the nucleus. We perform computer simulations to model the gas flux from volatile, icy components in porous ice-dust surfaces, in order to better understand results from observations of comets. Our model assumes a porous body containing dust, one major ice component (H₂O) and up to eight minor components of higher volatility (e.g. CO, CH₄, CH₃OH, HCN, C₂H₂, H₂S), The body's porous structure is modeled as a bundle of tubes with a given tortuosity and an initially constant pore diameter. Heat is conducted by the matrix and carried by the vapors. The model includes radially inward and outward flowing vapor within the body, escape of outward flowing gas from the body, complete depletion of less volatile ices in outer layers, and recondensation of vapor in deeper, cooler layers. From the calculations we obtain temperature profiles and changes in relative chemical abundances, porosity and pore size distribution as a function of depth, and the gas flux into the interior and into the atmosphere for each of the volatiles at various positions of the body in its orbit. In this paper we relate the observed relative molecular abundances in the coma of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) and of Comet 46P/Wirtanen to molecular fluxes at the surface calculated from our model. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于混合遗传算法的航空发动机数学模型解法

针对发动机模型现有平衡方程迭代解法存在不收敛或计算效率差的不足,以涡轮风扇发动机为对象,结合遗传算法与牛顿-拉夫逊法的优点,设计了在模型不收敛点采用遗传算法与牛顿-拉夫逊法交替计算的平衡方程求解混合算法。理论分析与数值仿真结果表明,对于整个模型而言,该算法既保持了牛顿-拉夫逊法的高计算效率,又吸收了遗传算法全局收敛的优点,可实现模型大范围收敛。     

Space exploration and human survival

I am sympathetic to the view that, given the likelihood of massive natural disasters, such as collisions between the Earth and large asteroids, we should engage in large-scale space exploration and colonization so as to hedge our bets against extinction. I will consider several criticisms of this view. For example, some philosophers may raise objections against the notion of long-term human survival as a value. How can we have obligations towards beings who have not even been conceived yet and thus cannot be properly said to have rights? On a different note, Wendell Berry argues that the abundance of resources in space will produce bad character, for good character requires the discipline of finitude. Others challenge the connection between space exploration and survival, for they fear that by entertaining the promise of new Earths in the heavens we are more likely to neglect our planet, thus leading to our downfall. Presumably, we should instead increase our efforts to restore and preserve the balance of nature. I will advance a variety of replies. For example, we do decide for posterity to a great extent. We may plant the trees from which “our” descendants will receive nourishment and shade, or we may destroy what could have given them a fighting chance against drought and famine. We have an obligation not to plant a bomb that will go off two years from now in a hospital nursery, and another to ensure that the buildup of chemicals in the hospital water tank will not reach critical mass and kill most of the newborns in ten years. The “balance of nature” involved in another objection is a myth that cannot be justified by natural history, whether astronomical or biological. Moreover, the inevitable changes in the environment, independent of asteroid impacts, will make the Earth uninhabitable in a few hundreds of millions and years. In addition, in order to act wisely we need an understanding of the Earth as a planet, and this requires the exploration of space.