Development and performance evaluation of tropospheric scintillation model on Ku-band satellite link over Akure,Nigeria

Existing amplitude scintillation prediction models often perform less satisfactorily when deployed outside the regions where they were formulated. This necessitates the need to evaluate the performance of scintillation models developed in one region using data data from other regions while documenting their relative errors. Due to its variation with elevation angle, frequency, other link parameters and meteorological factors, we employed three years (January 2016 to December 2018) of concurrently measured satellite radio beacons and tropospheric weather parameters to develop a location-based amplitude scintillation prediction model over the Earth-space path of Akure (7.17^oN, 5.18^oE), South-western Nigeria. The satellite beacon measurement used Tektronix Y400 NetTek Analyzer at 1 s integration time while meteorological parameters, namely; temperature, pressure and relative humidity were measured using Davis Vantage Vue weather station at 1 min integration time. Comparative study of the model’s performance with nine (9) existing scintillation prediction models indicates that the best and worst performing models, in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), are the Statistical Temperature and Refractivity (STN) and direct physical and statistical prediction (DPSP) models with values 11.48 and 51.03 respectively. Also, worst month analysis indicates that April, with respective enhancement and fade values of 0.88 and 0.90 dB for 0.01% exceedance, is the overall worst calendar month for amplitude scintillation.     

Solar and Heliospheric Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

The significance of external influences on the environment of Earth and its atmosphere has become evident during recent years. Especially, on time scales of several hundred years, the cosmogenic isotope concentration during the Wolf-, Spoerer-, Maunder- and Dalton-Minimum indicates an increased cosmic ray flux. Because these grand minima of solar activity coincide with cold periods, a correlation of the Earth climate with the cosmic ray intensities is plausible. Any quantitative study of the effects of energetic particles on the atmosphere and environment of the Earth must address their transport to Earth and their interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere including their filtering by the terrestrial magnetosphere. The first problem is one of the fundamental problems in modern cosmic ray astrophysics, and corresponding studies began in the 1960s based on Parker’s cosmic ray modulation theory taking into account diffusion, convection, adiabatic deceleration, and (later) the drift of energetic particles in the global heliospheric magnetic field. It is well established that all of these processes determining the modulation of cosmic rays are depending on parameters that are varying with the solar magnetic cycle. Therefore, the galactic cosmic ray intensities close to Earth is the result of a complex modulation of the interstellar galactic spectrum within the heliosphere. The modern view of this cosmic ray modulation is summarized in our contribution.     

正—反激组合式变换器与单端式变换器的比较

以５０Ｗ变换器为例，分别从磁性元件的大小，功率管上的电应力、磁恢复问题，输出纹波及输出特性等方面，详细分析比较了组合式变换器与单端式变换器的优缺点，并给出了具体数据，提出了正－反激组合式变换器具有电压应力低，磁性元件小，体积小，重量轻，输出纹波小及可靠性高的结论。     

镀膜光纤声光相位调制器频率响应特性的研究

本文对光纤声光相位调制器（OF—AOPM）的频率特性进行研究。分析了OF—AOPM的调相原理，研究结果表明：在调制频率远离氧化锌压电薄膜的半波谐振频率的时候，光相位的调制不仅依靠径向应力。同时还依靠轴向应力。通过同时考虑径向和轴向应力的变化，得出了OF—AOPM在整个频率域范围内的响应特性。     

POGO蓄压器变频降幅特性分析

论述纵向耦合振动（POGO）蓄压器的变频降幅特性，指出其主要影响因素是蓄压器容积及连接管路的液阻，根据输送管路的特定频率，选择适当的蓄压器容积，使其固有频率与特定管路的压力脉动频率相一致，可以获得预期的变频降幅效果。给出了蓄压器的变频降幅试验研究结果，可为POGO蓄压器的设计，研制，使得提供参考。     

基于FM-AM转换的伪码调相-载波调频复合引信信号的脉内特征提取研究

伪码调相和载波调频复合信号因具有好的距离、速度分辨率和测速测距精度,所以广泛应用在雷达和引信中。在电子对抗中为了实施欺骗性干扰,必须有效地提取复合信号的参数特征,为此本文研究了FM-AM转换时频分析的理论及其实现方法,并利用该方法对伪码调相-载波调频复合信号进行了脉内特征分析。具体包括伪码调相正弦载波信号、伪码调相复合正弦调频信号及伪码调相复合线性调频信号。仿真结果表明,在信噪比为5dB时,利用FM-AM转换时频分析技术,不但可以提取载波调频的特征信息,而且能够有效提取伪码的特征信息。     

伪码调相与PAM复合测距系统研究

介绍了PAM伪随机码的构成原理,推导了PAM伪随机码的自相关函数和功率谱密度。结合图形分析了它们的性质特点。设计了伪码调相与PAM复合测距系统,并分析了在加性高斯白噪声信道中的各个阶段的信号形式。研究了复合测距系统的性能,详细推导了复合测距系统的信噪比增益。结果表明,与单纯的伪码测距系统相比,复合测距系统有更强的抗干扰性能和测距能力。     

基于幅度与梯度综合信息的SAR图像非线性扩散去噪方法

探讨SAR图像相干斑抑制的非线性扩散方程方法.以抑制SAR图像噪声,提高图像质量.通过分析SAR图像的幅度分布特性,建立基于SAR图像幅度信息的非线性扩散方程,使方程在幅值较小的背景区域具有较大的光滑作用以抑制噪声,而在幅值较大的目标区域光滑作用较小以保护目标特征.同时为避免噪声对图像中幅度分布的影响,在每一步迭代之前,采用基于梯度信息的非线性扩散方程对图像进行预处理,得到了一种基于图像幅度和梯度综合信息的非线性扩散去噪方法.计算结果表明,本文方法在整体上均具有较好的去噪效果,去噪后的图像较传统方法具有更高的等效视数和边缘保持指数,既能充分抑制背景区域的噪声,又能保护目标点,还很少出现虚假目标.     

谐振腔光纤陀螺频率调制原理及仿真

简述对谐振腔光纤陀螺入射光进行频率调制的基本方法，采用洛仑兹公式来描述光纤陀螺的传递函数，结合输入信号特征，建立其频域的数学模型，最后给出结果和相关仿真图形，以及关键参数的优化值和优化方向，再对全光路的结构提出具体的配置建议，仿真结果表明，谐振腔光纤陀螺具有良好的线性工作区间，精度也能够得到进一步的提高。     

脉冲信号稳幅方法研究

主要介绍了连续波信号稳幅方法及脉冲信号稳幅方法,并根据对反馈控制电路的分析和电路仿真方法,进行了脉冲稳幅电路设计,最后给出了实验数据。