Modeling the effects of green alternative on heat island mitigation of a meso level town,West Bengal,India

Urban heat island (UHI) is emerged as a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the outdoor thermal comfort. Hence urban microclimatic studies using numeric simulation software to find out adaption strategies are attracting the great attention of researchers and policymaker. Number of scientists carried out their research on this topic using different tools and technique whereas ENVI-met model is the most widely used simulation tools. The present study intended to examine the implication of green infrastructure of the town on enhanced microclimatic condition and to evaluate the best suitable mitigation strategy modelling cool city with ENVI-met software (V4). Five greening condition such as existing UHI condition (C1), 100% greening of roof (C2), 100% greening of roof and walls (C3), 50% greening of roof and walls (C4) and: Plantation at suitable area with 50% greening of roof and walls (C5) have been taken into consideration for the microclimate simulation for all three selected sites. Among these five conditions, C3 for the open mid-rise and compact low-rise, C5 for the open low-rise are identified as one of the most suitable strategies which can reduce the air temperature of peak hours by 2.6 °C, 1.33 °C and 1.87 °C respectively. These models are validated by simple linear regression between simulated and existing air temperature in case of existing UHI condition (C1) and in all the cases coefficient of determination value is high such as for open mid-rise, compact low-rise and open low-rise, it is 0.92, 0.92 and 0.75 respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the application of those strategies can improve the urban thermal environment as well as the outdoor thermal comfort of English bazaar Town and its surroundings.     

液冷头盔致冷效能的医学研究

在45℃高温条件下,应用液冷头盔给10名被试者的头颈部致冷,散热效能较高,可带走安静时30.9％～48.3％的代谢产热。降低身体的热蓄积,减少出汗,减慢心率、直肠温度和皮肤温度的上升速率。对头颈部致冷可降低身体的热紧张度50％～70％,明显改善对温热的舒适感觉。同时表明,致冷液温、流量及液流走向,对致冷效能均有显著影响。为液冷头盔及致冷装置的设计,提供了医学实验依据。     

离心铸造Al—20wt%Si合金自生表面复合材料的组织与性能

采用热模金属型离心铸造Al－20wt％Si合金，获得了外层聚集粗大初晶Si、中层为共晶组织、内层聚集细小初晶Si的自生三层表面复合材料。考察了复合材料的组织形貌，检测了复合材料的硬度和耐性，分析了复合材料的断裂模式。     

球形铝粉的凝聚／燃烧特性

球形与非球形铝粉的表面分析表明,前者表面层比后者均匀;试验表明球形铝粉比非球形铝粉抗凝聚能力好,化学反应能力较差.因此球形铝粉在推进剂燃面形成的凝滴较小,凝滴燃烧速度较慢.这些特性对球形铝粉的合理使用具有指导意义.     

基于MEMS的微槽冷却系统在微纳卫星热控中的应用

介绍了基于微机电一体化系统(MEMS)的微槽冷却系统的研究成果。分析了将微槽冷却系统用于微纳卫星热控设计时的特殊要求。讨论了表征微槽冷却系统性能的水力学系统和传热性能。理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,微槽冷却系统可使大热流密度的热源芯片温度维持在较低的范围内,能满足微纳卫星热控的要求。研究认为,压降和热阻均较小的深槽可在小泵功率时提供较优的传热性能。     

航天器密封舱微重力对流传热与传质地面试验模拟方法理论分析

针对航天器密封舱内气体对流传热传质地面模拟试验问题，依据传热传质相似试验理论方法，进行了初步的理论分析，包括热缩比模型法和降压法，给出了它们相似试验的相似律及它们应用的约束条件，并从理论上定性分析了不同试验方法的优缺点。分析表明，在重力条件下，热缩比模型法在保持Reynolds数不变的前提下可明显抑制传热传质过程的温差和密度差对流动与传热传质的影响，而且抑制效果与缩比比例的三次方成正比；而降压法在保持Reynolds数不变的前提下同样可明显抑制自然对流的影响和密度差对流动与传热传质的影响，但对自然对流和传质过程的密度流的抑制效果有所不同。     

变形铝合金中微量合金元素研究

分析了微量合金元素在变形铝合金中的作用，论述了微量合金元素与杂质的关系。指出微量合金元素与杂质是不能混淆的两个概念。前者的作用不仅与其种类和含量有关，还与加工方法有关。     

液体推进剂泄漏应急处理

提出液体推进剂泄漏事故的应急处理措施，包括人员疏散、隔离区划分、受伤和中毒人员救治，抢救人员个人安全防护以及其他控制险情的方法。