轴对称降落伞稳定下降阶段的流场特性

文章根据降落伞的特点,通过3点假设(伞衣的薄膜假设、降落伞的轴对称假设和流场的定常 假设),将三维复杂流动问题,转化成二维轴对称问题,以节约计算时间。然后,建立轴对称降落伞的流体力 学计算模型,利用数值模拟手段,求解RNG(Renormalization Group)k-epsilon湍流模型下的N—S方程组,获 得与有关单位试验相吻合的计算结果。分析发现带顶孔的轴对称降落伞绕流和亚临界状态下带中心孔的 圆球绕流,在尾流区拓扑结构上几乎完全一致。结果表明建立的轴对称降落伞模型,能够揭示降落伞流场 的本质特性,为进一步研究降落伞流场的流动机理和流固耦合问题打下基础。     

数据缺失场合下k/N(G)系统可靠性指标的经验Bayes估计

在定数截尾缺失数据样本下,研究了不可修k/N(G)系统的可靠性指标的估计问题。将极大似然估计法和Bayes方法相结合得到了部件的平均寿命、系统可靠度及平均寿命等可靠性指标的经验Bayes估计,最后利用随机模拟例子说明了本文方法的正确性和可行性。     

一种关于目标与安全管道相对位置估算方法

针对靶场试验安全控制中目标与安全管道位置估算的实际需求,结合靶场实时数据处理要求,提出了利用滑动窗口技术,动态载人理论弹道数据,并采用折半查找和KNN查询相结合的思想实现了目标与理论弹道最近邻点查询,完成了飞行目标与理论规划航迹间的位置等参数偏差查询。利用区间估计原理,给出了目标与安全管道相对位置估算方法,解决了传统试验中无法对目标与管道边界的接近程度进行量化的问题。     

Beam-Park-Experiment-1/2000 with TIRA

A monostatic 24-h debris observation campaign (BPE-1/2000) has been prepared and conducted using FGAN's TIRA L-Band system. Based on experiences from previous Beam-park experiments a similar largely automated data processing is applied on an extended range window of 300–2000km. More than 1500 detections are encountered, 471 of them are verified as being real objects in Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO). PROOF's observation forecasting of catalogued objects is evaluated against the observed objects, and the difficulties obtaining radar cross-sections (RCSs) and object sizes from Beam-park experiments are discussed. Sidelobe detections are identified by using background information like two-line element (TLE) sets and/or catalogued RCSs.In comparison with previous experiments, the statistics show similarities confirming the concept of Beam-park experiments for space debris observations, despite the snapshot character of 24-h experiments. The comparison with MASTER/PROOF'99 and ORDEM2000 leads to a reasonable agreement between models and observations.     

Real-time clock comparison and monitoring with multi-GNSS precise point positioning: GPS,GLONASS and Galileo

The precise point positioning (PPP) technique is widely used in time and frequency applications. Because of the real-time service (RTS) project of the International GNSS Service, we can use the PPP technique for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. As a participant in the RTS, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) implements the PPPWIZARD (Precise Point Positioning with Integer and Zero-difference Ambiguity Resolution Demonstrator) project to validate carrier phase ambiguity resolution. Unlike the Integer-PPP (IPPP) of the CNES, fixing ambiguities in the post-processing mode, the PPPWIZARD operates in the real-time mode, which is also called real-time IPPP (RT-IPPP). This paper focuses on applying the RT-IPPP for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. We review the principle of real-time clock comparison and monitoring, and introduce the methodology of the RT-IPPP technique. The observations of GPS, GLONASS and Galileo were processed for the experiments. Five processing modes were provided in the experiment to analyze the benefits of ambiguity resolution and multi-GNSS. In the clock comparison experiment, the average reduction ratios of standard deviations with respect to the G PPP mode range from 9.7% to 35.0%. In the clock monitoring experiment, G PPP mode can detect clock jumps whose magnitudes are larger than 0.9 ns. The RT-IPPP technique with GRE PPP AR (G) mode allows for the detection of any clock jumps larger than 0.6 ns. For frequency monitoring, G PPP mode allows detection of frequency changes larger than 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁴. When the RT-IPPP technique is applied, monitoring with GRE PPP AR (G) mode can detect frequency changes larger than 6.1 × 10⁻¹⁵.     

计算有转换判定n∶k交叉贮备系统可靠度的仿真算法

给出有转换判定的ｎ∶ｋ 交叉（ｃｒｏｓｓ ｓｔｒａｐｐｉｎｇ）贮备系统可靠性仿真的通用算法。该算法能计算具有任意部件数和任意部件寿命分布类型的有转换判定的 ｎ∶ｋ 交叉贮备系统可靠度。通过完整的误差分析对该算法的结果进行解释。     

k/N(G)系统可靠性评定的熵(法)近似限

将近代,Shannon信息论与可靠性工程理论相结合,推导了由不同成败型或不同指数型单元组成的k/N（G）系统可靠性评定用的熵（法）第一、二近似下限计算公式。评定结果令人满意。     

Moses失速模型三维优化修正

通过低速轴流压气机失速实验,结合压气机失速仿真云图以及实验中所测得的叶片径向压力脉动图,发现失速后为部分叶高失速,而不是全叶高失速。基于失速预测Moses模型,通过比较不同径向截面计算得到的总压损失,发现沿径向叶片截面安装角的变化对模型的计算结果有影响,通过引入参数B对模型中的参数k进行改进。经过改进后的模型所预测的结果较原模型能够更加准确地预测压气机失速后的情况,改进后的模型可以为压气机设计提供良好的参考设计数据。对高亚声速轴流压气机进行改进,将高速可压这一因素考虑到模型推导中,对模型进行改进,改进后的模型相较于原模型在预测计算高亚声速轴流压气机压比特性上准确度提升了30%。      

壁面函数在激波诱导分离流动中的应用

以数值模拟激波-附面层干扰引起的流动分离问题为研究背景,发展了基于有限体积方法的雷诺平均Navier—Stokes（RANS）方程的流场数值模拟方法。利用壁面函数模型得到壁面剪切应力,通过修正壁面粘性通量,构造了一种新的湍流边界处理方法,并将其耦合到RANS方程和SSTk-ω湍流模型的数值求解中;同时,针对激波诱导引起的附面层流动分离问题,提出一种附面层网格加密技术,能够自适应加密分离区内附面层网格,使得在流动分离区域也能够使用壁面函数模型。数值算例表明,壁面函数模型能够降低数值模拟结果对网格的依赖性;同时也验证了壁面函数耦合附面层网格自适应方法,在处理激波诱导引起的附面层流动分离问题时的有效性和准确性。