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Sobolevsky N. M. Latysheva L. N. Kuznetsov H. V. Panasyuk M. I. Podzolko M. V. 《Cosmic Research》2021,59(4):259-267
Cosmic Research - A special version of the SHIELD transport code has been developed intended for radiation protection purposes in space. The calculation of the fluxes of primary and secondary... 相似文献
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I Getselev S Rumin N Sobolevsky M Ufimtsev M Podzolko 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,34(6):1429-1432
In this paper, we present the results of Monte-Carlo simulations of the flux and energy spectra of neutrons generated as a result of galactic cosmic ray proton interactions with the material of International Space Station (ISS) inside Zvezda Service Module, the Airlock between Russian and USA segments and one of Russian Research Modules for a full configuration of ISS. Calculations were made for ISS orbit for the energy ranges <10 and >10 MeV for both maximum and minimum of solar activity. To test the accuracy of the calculations the same simulations were made for MIR orbital station and for CORONAS-I satellite and compared with the results of measurements. Calculated and measured fluxes are in reasonable agreement. 相似文献
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N V Kuznetsov R A Nymmik N M Sobolevsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2002,30(4):985-988
The space radiation environment predicted for a spacecraft on the Earth-Mars-Earth route at different solar activity levels is analyzed in terms of the Russian-devised models. 相似文献
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A.V. Bogomolov A.V. Dmitriev I.N. Myagkova S.P. Ryumin O.N. Smirnova I.M. Sobolevsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1998,21(12):1801-1804
The spectra of neutrons >10 MeV and gamma-rays 1.5–100 MeV under the Earth Radiation Belts, restored from the data, obtained onboard orbital complex “SALUTE-7”-“KOSMOS-1686”, are presented. The spectra shapes are similar to those for albedo neutrons and gamma-rays, but absolute values of their fluxes (0.2 cm−2 s−1 for neutrons, 0.8 cm−2 s−1 for gamma-rays at the equator and 1.2 cm−2 s−1, 1.9 cm−2 s−1, accordingly, at L=1.9) are several times as large. It is possibly explained by the fact that most of the detected particles were produced by the cosmic ray interactions with the orbital complex matter. Neutron and gamma-ray fluxes obtained from “CORONAS-I” data are near those for albedo particles. 相似文献
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The paper is devoted to discussing the method of measuring the accumulation of radioactive isotopes 53Mn (with a half-life T = 3.7 million years) and 10Be (T = 2.5 million years) in iron-bearing rocks. Knowledge of the dynamics of the accumulation of these isotopes would allow us to estimate the variations in the intensity of cosmic rays, periods of glaciations and geological changes, as well as climatic processes on the Earth in retrospect of 0.1–10 million years. For an operative study of a large number of samples, it has been proposed to use a low-cost neutron activation method with the implementation of the 53Mn(n, γ)54Mn reaction in a slow neutron reactor. As has been shown, using the 10Be isotope together with 53Mn makes it possible to simultaneously determine both the cosmic-ray fluxes and the shielding time of the corresponding region from cosmic radiation. To obtain the reliable data on cosmic rays, it has been proposed to study rock samples from the lunar surface. 相似文献
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A.N. Denisov N.V. Kuznetsov R.A. Nymmik M.I. Panasyuk N.M. Sobolevsky 《Acta Astronautica》2011,68(9-10):1440-1447
In connection with projects on a manned base on the Moon, the assessment of radiation risk to staff of the base owing to galactic (GCR) and solar (SEP) cosmic radiation becomes very relevant. The paper describes the methodology for assessing the radiation environment on the lunar surface and in the depths of lunar soil taking into account the primary and secondary radiation caused by protons and nuclei of GCR and SEP. Calculated fluencies of particles are used to estimate the average annual absorbed and equivalent local doses in tissue. Contribution to the dose of secondary neutrons at depths of lunar soil exceeds the contribution of protons. Contribution to the dose of secondary particles generated by GCR nuclei should be taken into account. 相似文献
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Walther N. Spjeldvik Galina I. Pugacheva Anatoly A. Gusev Inacio M. Martin Nikolai M. Sobolevsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1998,21(12):1675-1678
Radial transport theory for inner radiation zone MeV He ions has been extended by combining radial diffusive transport, losses due to Coulomb friction and charge exchange reaction with local generation of 3He and 4He ions due to nuclear reactions taking place on the inner edge of the inner radiation zone. From interactions between high energy trapped protons and upper atmospheric constituents we have included a nuclear reaction yield helium flux source that was numerically derived from a nuclear reaction model originally developed at the Institute of Nuclear Researches of Moscow, Russia and implemented in the computer system at the University of Campinas, Brazil. Magnetospheric transport computations have been made covering the L-shell range L=1.0 to 1.6 and the resulting MeV He ion flux distributions show a strong influence of the local nuclear source mechanism on the inner zone energetic He ion content. 相似文献
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A.V. Dementyev N.M. Sobolevsky R.A. Nymmik 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1998,21(12):1793-1796
Proton and neutron energy spectra behind AI shielding affected by galactic and solar cosmic ray particles are Monte-Carlo calculated using the multipurpose hadron transport code (SHIELD). 相似文献
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N. V. Kuznetsov R. A. Nymmik M. I. Panasyuk A. N. Denisov N. M. Sobolevsky 《Cosmic Research》2012,50(3):216-220
The problem of estimating the risk of radiation for humans on the Moon is discussed, taking into account the probabilistic nature of occurrence of solar particle events. Calculations of the expected values of tissue-averaged equivalent dose rates, which are created by galactic and solar cosmic-ray particle fluxes on the lunar surface behind shielding, are made for different durations of lunar missions. 相似文献
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