The influence of dose, dose-rate and particle fragmentation on cataract induction by energetic iron ions.

Because activities in space necessarily involve chronic exposure to a heterogeneous charged particle radiation field it is important to assess the influence of dose-rate and the possible modulating role of heavy particle fragmentation on biological systems. Using the well-studied cataract model, mice were exposed to plateau 600 MeV/amu 56Fe ions either as acute or fractionated exposures at total doses of 5 - 504 cGy. Additional groups of mice received 20, 360 and 504 cGy behind 50 mm of polyethylene, which simulates body shielding. The reference radiation consisted of 60Co gamma radiation. The animals were examined by slit lamp biomicroscopy over their three year life spans. In accordance with our previous observations with heavy particles, the cataractogenic potential of the 600 MeV/amu 56Fe ions was greater than for low-LET radiation and increased with decreasing dose relative to gamma-rays. Fractionation of a given dose of 56Fe ions did not reduce the cataractogenicity of the radiation compared to the acute regimen. Fragmentation of the beam in the polyethylene did not alter the cataractotoxicity of the ions, either when administered singly or in fractions.     

吸热型碳氢燃料热沉的测定

介绍了一套自制的热导式高温量热系统,热量常数可用电标定法测定。用此仪器可测定各种吸热型碳氢燃料在各种条件下的热沉,用于吸热型碳氢燃料的筛选,为吸热型碳氢燃料的研究提供可靠的热化学数据。用这套装置测定了两种吸热型碳氢燃料在７００°Ｃ的热沉,与文献值接近。     

无线电遥测监视小直径刀具的工况过程

小直径刀具(φ6mm以下小钻头、铣刀)加工中产生的磨、破损信号难于检测。本文基于这一问题,研究采用无线电遥测技术来传输传感器信号,并建立了CIMS,FMS加工中心钻、铣用小直径刀具的工况监视系统。研究表明:用遥测技术传输的切削过程信息是可以用来识别刀具切削状态的;小直径刀具折断快速报警的成功率在90％以上。     

智能材料结构的研究进展

智能材料结构是当前国内外研究的热门课题，进展很快。它的兴起将冲击材料研究部门，并引起了结构设计部门的变革。本文主要介绍埋入传感元件、驱动元件并采用人工神经网络、图形特征识别及新型声发射系统的三种强度自诊断智能结构，埋入形状记忆合金丝的大面积强度自适应结构，以及预报材料疲劳寿命、减振降噪、无舵面机翼和光电红外隐身等智能结构的研究进展。     

Passive target tracking using maximum likelihood estimation

Estimation of target trajectory from passive sonar bearings and frequency measurements in the presence of multivariate normally distributed noise, with unknown inhomogeneous general covariance, is modeled as a nonlinear multiresponse parameter estimation problem. It is shown that maximum likelihood estimation in this case is identical to optimizing a determinant criterion which has a concise form and contains no elements of unknown covariance matrix. A Gauss-Newton type algorithm using only the first-order derivatives of the model function and a new convergence criterion, is presented to implement such estimation. The simulation results demonstrate that performance of the maximum likelihood estimation method with the above noise model is superior to that with the traditional noise assumption     

面阵CCD时序抗弥散方法研究

文章通过讨论n沟道CCD的物理结构以及两种CCD饱和弥散(弥散型饱和状态和表面型饱和状态)的差异,介绍了面阵CCD抗弥散技术,它通过改变垂直转移时序使普通CCD具有抗弥散功能。对采用该技术前后相机抗弥散的实际效果进行了对比,进一步研究了面阵CCD时序抗弥散所必需的表面型饱和高电平偏置电压测定方法、低电平电压偏置测定方法以及时序工作频率标定方法,给出了工程实现的具体途径。总结了时序抗弥散技术的优缺点,列出了该技术的使用范围和限制条件。     

谱载下裂纹扩展的计算及实验分析

本文针对裂纹扩展的Willenborg-Chang模型,提出了如何合理地选择参数,怎样对残余塑性区尺寸进行修正及随机加载谱的处理。通过实验和计算结果的对比,说明上述想法的正确性,并提出Willenborg-Chang模型更适用于较长裂纹的寿命估算。