Impact of rain on wave retrieval from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images in tropical cyclones

The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra.     

Simulation and Analysis of Electromagnetic Force in Laser Melting Deposition by Electromagnetic Impact

Magnetic field was introduced in laser melting deposition to reduce the pores in workpieces.Finite 3-D model of the coil-deposition layer-substrate was established.Simulation results show that the electromagnetic force in deposition layer mainly concentrates in the projection area of the coil.Axial electromagnetic force shows repulsion in one cycle.The experimental results indicate that the magnetic field is beneficial for grain refinement,microhardness increasement and decline of quantities and average sizes of pores.     

固体火箭药柱泊松比的表征与诊断

本文提出表征固体火箭药柱泊松比的三个精确表达式和一种数值积分算法。通过实验与计算给出一种固体推进剂药柱黏弹性泊松比的结果，分析了药柱黏弹性泊松比的表征与诊断以及诊断精度的有关问题。该文的结果对固体火箭发动机装药结构完整性分析计算有重要的实用价值。     

考虑辐射的化学平衡流驻点线解

本文用数值方法求解了化学平衡的高超声速粘性激波层驻点线流场。考虑了辐射和质量引射对流场的影响。辐射模型采用线和连续谱模型。文中讨论了引射率、头部半径、来流速度对壁面传热的影响。与有关文献结果比较表明,本文的方法是可行的。     

一种新型阀瓣结构

在航天器中,一般使用推力器作为姿控、轨控执行元件,推力器中的电磁阀动密封常使用和推进剂相容的橡胶材料.本文介绍一种不用过渡层硫化成型的阀瓣结构,并指出这种结构较目前流行的阀瓣结构所拥有的优越性.     

1/spl phi/ 3W grid-connection PV power inverter with partial active power filter

This paper presents a single-phase three-wire (1/spl phi/ 3W) grid-connection photovoltaic (PV) power inverter with a of partial active power filter (PAPF) feature, which can not only deal with PV power but filter current harmonics and improve power factor. Once the processed power exceeds the switch ratings, the inverter can reduce its output reactive power and harmonic power, while still supplying the maximum real power generated by the PV arrays. In the derivation of control laws, a limit circle is defined to confine the output power of the inverter. To determine the power that the inverter can process, the instantaneous reactive power of a 1/spl phi/ 3W system is defined and used to calculate reactive power, which can avoid complex detections of phase angle and magnitude of the fundamental component of a nonlinear load current. Simulation results and experimental measurements have verified the proposed algorithm and the feasibility of the inverter.     

数据采集系统的总体评价

从性能指标出发，综述了数据采集系统总结评价技术的发展状况。并提出了对数据采集系统性能指标的两类分类方法 。     

数字地形数据的二维三次卷积插值

由于数字地形数据库是以网格的形式给出网格点上的地形高度信息，在低空突防轨迹优化过程中，往往需要非网格蹼地形的高度信息和地形曲面的导数，这些都是离散的地形数据库所无法提供的。对二维的地形数据进行插值是解决问题的有效手段。本文提出一种二维离散数据的插值方法－－二维三次卷积插值。该插值函数是地形曲面的三次逼近，具有连续的三阶导数，可以非常好地满足低空突防轨迹优化的需要。仿真结果表明，它具有比双线性插值和     

燃气收缩式作动器--一种新颖高效的着陆缓冲装置

文章介绍一种新颖的着陆缓冲装置——燃气收缩式作动器。可是在回收物体乘降落伞着陆前,通过回收物体快速向上（向降落伞方向）提升,抵消物伞系统的垂直下降速度,从而达到回收物体以很小的速度着陆,实现回收物体的软着陆。     

开放式飞行任务规划方法

本文给出了一种基于分布式黑板结构的开放式飞行任务规划方法，简要叙述了飞行器飞行任务规划的概念和其独特要求，并对飞行任务规划的数据预处理、知识表达、规划方法作了深入的探讨。最后介绍了分布式黑板的结构和运行方式。