变势能阱双稳态气动弹性能量收集的性能增强研究

提出一种新型的磁耦合变势能阱双稳态压电颤振能量收集器，设计了外部磁场作用下颤振能量收集系统的双稳态构型，并利用弹性支撑的外部磁铁的运动实现了变势能阱技术，解释了变势能阱双稳态对颤振能量收集系统的性能增强机理。建立了磁力-压电-气动弹性耦合的颤振能量收集系统的动力学分析模型，根据非线性磁偶极模型以及平衡点稳定性理论，讨论了系统出现双稳态构型的参数条件。对磁耦合双稳态颤振能量收集系统的动态特性进行了数值仿真研究，结果显示，双稳态构型能够使无磁力颤振能量收集系统的超临界颤振行为转变为亚临界颤振，发生极限环振动的风速能够降低50%以上，拓宽了能量收集器的有效工作风速范围，并分析了磁铁间距、磁偶极矩对能量收集性能的影响规律。采用弹性支撑的外部磁铁的运动来自适应调节内外部磁铁之间的距离，达到变势能阱的目的，有效地降低了双稳态的势能阱深度，使系统更容易发生双稳态势能阱间的跃迁运动，从而在双稳态的设计基础上，实现了能量收集工作风速范围和输出电功率的同步提升，为低风速下的能量收集提供了一种有效的设计途径。     

基于客流密度的地铁列车空调夏季送风温度控制模型研究

客流密度是影响地铁列车客室内热舒适性环境的重要因素,传统的地铁列车客室温度控制主要是根据UIC-553标准,以室内外温差作为控制核心.本文通过构建全尺寸地铁列车客室-乘客-空调送风耦合的一体化模型,利用实车试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,对地铁列车客室内的热舒适性展开研究.探讨客流密度对地铁列车客室内热舒适环境的影响规律以及不同客流密度下客室平均温度与空调送风温度之间的关系,得到了不同客流密度下能满足人体热舒适性体验的空调送风温度,提出了一种基于客流密度的地铁列车空调夏季送风温度控制模型.     

抗辐照通用扩展SiP芯片设计

研究微小卫星综合电子系统的SiP技术实现方法。首先介绍微小卫星综合电子系统结构的组成和采用SiP技术的必要性，然后对综合电子系统进行功能模块划分，并对其通用扩展模块进行详细的SiP设计，包括抗辐照器件选型、原型验证、SiP原理图、基板管壳一体化设计、建模仿真、制造加工、实装测试验证等，通过SiP技术实现了一种星载综合电子系统中通用扩展SiP芯片产品，经过实际验证测试，在保证模块功能和性能的前提下，整体模块重量从230 g减轻到48 g，体积由180 mm?130 mm?17 mm减小到46 mm?46 mm?8 mm，很好地满足了星载功能模块小型化、轻量化设计需求。     

Facile Fabrication of Hierarchical Porous N/O Functionalized Carbon Derived from Blighted Grains Towards Electrochemical Capacitors

The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The elemental N was in situ doped in the obtained HPNOC without any N-containing additives.Remarkably,the obtained HPNOC was endowed with a large specific surface area(about 2 624m~2·g~(-1)),high pore volume(about 1.35cm~3·g~(-1)),as well as high-content N/O functionalization(about 1.9%(in atom)N and about 10.2%(in atom)O.Furthermore,the as-resulted HPNOC electrode with a high mass loading of 5mg·cm~(-2 )exhibited competitive gravimetric capacitances of about 373.6F·g~(-1 )at 0.5A·g~(-1),and even about 260.4F·g~(-1 )at a high rate of 10A·g~(-1);superior capacitance retention of about 98.8%at 1A·g~(-1 )over 10 000consecutive cycles;and high specific energy of about 9.6W·h·kg~(-1 )at a power of 500W·kg~(-1),when evaluated as a promising electrode in 6mol KOH for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.More encouragingly,the green synthetic strategy we developed holds a huge promise in generalizing for other biomass-derived carbon materials for versatile energy-related applications.     

Impact of rain on wave retrieval from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images in tropical cyclones

The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra.     

电铸镍Wolter I型光学系统制造技术发展综述

摘要： 为满足未来脉冲星导航和空间天文观测任务对X射线望远镜的载荷需求，Wolter I光学系统的研制正逐渐成为新的研究热点，电铸镍方案是当前国内外X射线光学系统镜筒制造的主要技术方案.文章对电铸镍X射线光学系统制造工艺、国内外研制现状、未来应用需求进行了介绍和整理，梳理了电铸镍X射线光学系统研制遇到的关键技术和难点，提出了后续研究发展建议，以促进中国在 X射线脉冲星自主导航、空间探测领域的快速发展.     

Evaluation of a regional real-time precise positioning system based on GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia

The performance of real-time (RT) precise positioning can be improved by utilizing observations from multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) instead of one particular system. Since the end of 2012, BeiDou, independently established by China, began to provide operational services for users in the Asia-Pacific regions. In this study, a regional RT precise positioning system is developed to evaluate the performance of GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia in providing high precision positioning services for users. Fixing three hourly updated satellite orbits, RT correction messages are generated and broadcasted by processing RT observation/navigation data streams from the national network of GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Stations in Australia (AUSCORS) at the server side. At the user side, RT PPP is realized by processing RT data streams and the RT correction messages received. RT clock offsets, for which the accuracy reached 0.07 and 0.28?ns for GPS and BeiDou, respectively, can be determined. Based on these corrections, an accuracy of 12.2, 30.0 and 45.6?cm in the North, East and Up directions was achieved for the BeiDou-only solution after 30 min while the GPS-only solution reached 5.1, 15.3 and 15.5?cm for the same components at the same time. A further improvement of 43.7, 36.9 and 45.0 percent in the three directions, respectively, was achieved for the combined GPS/BeiDou solution. After the initialization process, the North, East and Up positioning accuracies were 5.2, 8.1 and 17.8?cm, respectively, for the BeiDou-only solution, while 1.5, 3.0, and 4.7?cm for the GPS-only solution. However, we only noticed a 20.9% improvement in the East direction was obtained for the GPS/BeiDou solution, while no improvements in the other directions were detected. It is expected that such improvements may become bigger with the increasing accuracy of the BeiDou-only solution.     

液体火箭发动机协同设计平台关键技术

针对液体火箭发动机协同设计工程实际需求,围绕研制数据高效流转与协同,面向产品全生命周期跨地域、跨专业特点,提出了协同设计平台框架。针对协同平台中的5项关键技术,给出了相应解决途径。基于PLM系统构建协同环境,建立统一编码,整合研制过程中的标准件、原材料等共性基础数据;通过基于MBD的三维结构设计,采用MBSE理念,以模型为载体升级发动机设计流程;采用线上IPT模式提升产品设计效率,同时实现全过程数据记录知识累积。采用BOM结构组织和展示不同设计阶段形成的数据;基于Hadoop平台分布式数据存储模式,实现结构化和非结构化数据综合管理。通过工程实践验证表明,构建的协同平台实现了基于数字化模型的设计工艺定制化协同,科研生产全过程的信息整合和多维度监控,促进了业务流程持续优化和研制效率不断提升,支撑发动机研制模式的转型升级。