用于微小型GNC系统的电气单元集成一体化及信息快速处理技术

微小型导航、制导与控制（MGNC）集成一体化电气单元需要采集和处理的数据量较多,且算法复杂,本文采用流水线与高速串行总线技术,实现了集成一体化电气单元电路的多路、实时、同步采样。并对GNC软件中组合导航算法的Kalman滤波器进行了降维处理,车载导航试验表明该设计方法可有效提高组合导航软件的实时性与智能性,为最终提高GNC软件运行速度和效率创造了条件。     

光纤陀螺噪声对惯导系统精度影响的小波分析

针对当前典型光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统,研究了低动态条件下光纤陀螺输出信号的噪声特性,运用小波多尺度变换方法进行了噪声各频段分量对导航精度影响的深入研究及仿真分析,然后采用小波阈值去噪方法进行了实测数据滤波的有效性验证。结果表明,光纤陀螺噪声的低频段部分是影响导航定位误差的主要因素,而对陀螺高频段噪声的滤波措施对导航精度影响甚微。     

惯组中光纤陀螺温度漂移的二维插值建模研究

光纤陀螺对温度较为敏感,输出受温度及温度变化率影响严重,在实际工作中需要对温度漂移误差进行建模补偿。传统多项式拟合方法如最小二乘法,无法很好地满足精度要求。因此,首先对光纤陀螺工作原理与温度漂移误差产生原理进行分析,得出光纤陀螺温度漂移误差特性。利用传统多项式模型对不同温度下启动的光纤陀螺进行建模补偿,得到补偿后的精度并不理想。利用新的二维插值模型对上述试验重新进行建模补偿,结果表明二维插值模型明显优于多项式模型,光纤陀螺的零偏稳定性由补偿前的0.0153(°)/h提高到0.0051(°)/h,有利于工程上应用。     

SINS/GNSS组合导航测试系统用惯导模拟源技术研究

针对光纤陀螺SINS(捷联惯性导航系统)与GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)组合导航产品高动态性能测试难的问题,本文研究了一种组合导航测试系统,并对捷联惯导模拟源进行了重点研究.首先以捷联惯导解算算法为基础逆推出了捷联惯导模拟源算法,然后对捷联惯导模拟源进行了功能实现,可以与导航卫星信号模拟源同步向组合导航计算机发送数据用于组合导航解算.最后对捷联惯导模拟源的功能与性能进行了验证.结果表明,捷联惯导模拟源功能正常,模拟数据的精度达到设计要求.利用此惯导模拟源与导航卫星信号模拟源配套使用,将可满足后续SINS/GNSS组合导航系统的相关性能测试或验证要求.     

The astrobiology primer: an outline of general knowledge--version 1, 2006

The Astrobiology Primer has been created as a reference tool for those who are interested in the interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. The field incorporates many diverse research endeavors, but it is our hope that this slim volume will present the reader with all he or she needs to know to become involved and to understand, at least at a fundamental level, the state of the art. Each section includes a brief overview of a topic and a short list of readable and important literature for those interested in deeper knowledge. Because of the great diversity of material, each section was written by a different author with a different expertise. Contributors, authors, and editors are listed at the beginning, along with a list of those chapters and sections for which they were responsible. We are deeply indebted to the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI), in particular to Estelle Dodson, David Morrison, Ed Goolish, Krisstina Wilmoth, and Rose Grymes for their continued enthusiasm and support. The Primer came about in large part because of NAI support for graduate student research, collaboration, and inclusion as well as direct funding. We have entitled the Primer version 1 in hope that it will be only the first in a series, whose future volumes will be produced every 3-5 years. This way we can insure that the Primer keeps up with the current state of research. We hope that it will be a great resource for anyone trying to stay abreast of an ever-changing field.     

宽温范围内光纤陀螺输入轴失准角误差 及补偿技术研究

随着光纤陀螺使用精度的提升,输入轴失准角误差对光纤惯组精度的影响也愈发突出.为了抑制光纤陀螺失准角误差,提升惯性系统精度,分析了失准角误差的产生原因,提出了设计与生产过程中减小失准角误差的工艺要求;分析了温度环境下失准角误差补偿方法的物理意义,进而推导得出其方法误差;对多组全温范围内(-40℃~+60℃)失准角实测数据进行逐步回归分析,确定失准角误差拟合模型.试验表明,采用该补偿方法最高能够降低92%的失准角误差.     

严格逆向过程的捷联惯导快速回溯对准

回溯对准是利用高性能计算机反复进行正向和逆向导航解算来实现惯导系统的初始对准。对捷联惯导系统回溯参数辨识对准技术进行了研究,首次将严格逆向过程用在常规回溯对准中,其逆向过程不采用常规的近似解算,而是严格由正向过程的终点递推至起点,这可有效缩短惯导姿态失准角的估计时间,从而可相应提高捷联惯导在相同对准精度下的对准速度。最后,利用光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统进行了离线对准试验。结果表明,该对准方法的对准时间比常规回溯对准法缩短了1/3以上,证明了该对准方法的正确性、可行性。