中国台湾多种外币最佳存量控制研究

外汇交易银行的外币抛补策略,是根据各外汇交易银行的外币买、卖汇单形成的长、短头寸及最佳持有头寸来决定抛补动作的。当外币存量呈现短头寸或偏离最佳持有头寸时,外汇交易银行将透过外币的买汇单进行补货,使其回归最佳持有头寸。因此,在修改Ha-midi和Bell构建的单一货币存量模式基础,并选取台湾某商业银行一地区性分行为研究对象,建构在存货总成本最小考虑下的最佳外汇存量模型,以解决外汇交易银行多种外币的最佳采购量问题。另外,以ARMA-GARCH模型来进行外币汇率的预测,以更合理地衡量以台币(新台币)为准的外币持有总量。最后,以Evolver 4.0软件包,进行基因算法(Genetic Algorithm)的运算,在最小存量总成本的考虑下,求出此存量模型的最佳采购量。     

Self-sustained oscillation for compressible cylindrical cavity flows

The presence of a cavity changes the mean and fluctuating pressure distributions. Similarities are observed between a cylindrical cavity and a rectangular cavity for a compressible flow.The type of cavity flow field depends on the diameter-to-depth ratio and the length-to-depth ratio.The feedback loop is responsible for the generation of discrete acoustic tones. In this study, the selfsustained oscillation for a compressible cylindrical cavity flow was investigated experimentally. For open-type cavities, the power spectra show that the strength of resonance depends on the diameterto-depth ratio(4.43–43.0) and the incoming boundary layer thickness-to-depth ratio(0.72–7.0). The effective streamwise length is used as the characteristic length to estimate the Strouhal number. At higher modes, there is a large deviation from Rossiter's formula for rectangular cavities. The gradient-based searching method was used to evaluate the values of the empirical parameters. Less phase lag and a lower convection velocity are observed.