高超声速复杂气动问题数值方法研究进展

高超声速流场具有复杂流动特征,其中真实气体效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等对气动力分析产生了重要影响。将流体力学研究扩展到分子动力学、电磁流体力学以及流固耦合等交叉学科领域,这给数值模拟方法带来了巨大挑战。针对高超声速气动力/热分析的热点问题,重点关注高温效应与低密度流动效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等,结合算例分析了相应的数值求解技术;在气动热方面主要比较了3类求解方法(纯工程方法、纯数值方法和基于Prandtl边界层理论的方法),并给出了相应算例;对于气动力/热/结构耦合问题,从耦合模型及耦合计算方法两方面开展了分析。最后指出了高超声速复杂气动问题数值求解技术未来需重点关注的几个方面。     

镁合金新材料及制备加工新技术发展与应用

镁合金是国际公认的最有潜力的轻量化材料之一,被誉为"21世纪绿色工程金属",其突出的结构减重效果有望解决我国关键装备和重大工程中迫切的轻量化问题.本文综述了近年来镁合金新材料的发展、镁合金制备加工新技术进展以及镁合金的应用发展现状,对当前镁合金领域存在的缺点进行了总结,并对镁合金未来发展重点及主要任务进行了展望.     

Effects of Chemical Reactions in the Hypersonic Reacting Flow around Blunt Bodies

The effects of chemical reactions in the hypersonic reacting flow are investigated using an integrated algorithm considering simultaneously two different reaction mechanisms,i.e.,including the high temperature air nonequilibrium chemical reactions and the H_2-air combustion reactions. The program is validated by the air non-equilibrium flow at Mach number of 25.9 with the RAM C-II configuration and the shock-induced combustion flow at Mach number of 4.512 6 around a sphere,respectively. Furthermore,the mixed reacting flow with the Mach number of 10.0 with an opposing jet of hydrogen is numerically analyzed. The results show that the program is reliable,and the effects of chemical reactions engender in the decrease of peak temperature along characteristic lines,as well as on the surface. The production of water is augmented in the region with high ratio of oxygen to hydrogen and weakened in the area with low ratio of oxygen to hydrogen by the air chemical non-equilibrium effects.     

Thermodynamic Modeling and Simulation of Air System Control Device

This paper aims to obtain the thermodynamic characteristics of the air system control device sealing part in different compressor bleed air and ambient temperature. On the basis of considering the main factors affecting the heat exchange process and simplifying the physical model of the air system control device,the thermodynamic model of air system control device is established based on the basic theory of laminar flow heat transfer and heat conduction theory.Then the piston motion characteristics and the thermodynamic characteristics of the air system control device seal are simulated. The simulation results show that the valve actuation dynamic time of piston is about 0.13 s in the actual working conditions,and the temperature effect on the dynamic response of the piston rod is only 5 ms when the inlet air temperature at 300 ℃ and 370 ℃. The maximum temperature of the air system control device sealing part is not more than 290 ℃ under long time working condition of compressor air entraining. The highest temperature of the sealing part can reach up to 340 ℃ when the air flow temperature reaches the limit temperature of 370 ℃,and the longest duration working temperature limit is not more than 14 s. Therefore,the selection of control device sealing material should consider the work characteristic of instantaneous temperature limit.     

基于迟滞鲁棒性的自动车队队列稳定性控制

基于车辆纵向迟滞动态模型,对自动车队队列稳定性以及控制方法进行分析研究.建立考虑迟滞因素的车辆纵向迟滞动态模型,在此模型的基础上建立基于固定时间间距策略的滑模控制器和比例积分微分(PID,Proportion Integration Differentiation)控制器,然后依据队列稳定性判断准则分别对两种控制器进行队列稳定性分析并分别得到相关的队列稳定性条件.定量比较分析和仿真比较分析结果显示,PID控制器具有更强的迟滞鲁棒性.     

非结构网格二维理想MHD绕流逆风格式解法

在非结构网格上发展了针对二维理想磁流体方程组的逆风格式求解方法.控制方程中的对流项采用AUSM格式处理,时间推进采用显式5步龙格-库塔方法.为了消除计算中产生的磁场散度的影响,引入了双曲型散度清除方法.通过对磁流体激波管问题的求解验证了该方法对激波的捕捉能力,对有均匀磁场干扰下的喷管流动情况进行了数值模拟,并与文献中结果进行了对比.计算结果显示了磁场对磁流体流动的干扰效应,该结果与参考文献中的数值模拟结果相吻合.     

低马赫数流动中的预处理Euler方程的收敛特性

对预处理后Euler方程在低马赫数流动数值模拟中的收敛特性进行了细致研究。首先采用量级分析法研究了Weiss-Smith预处理方法对低速情形下Euler方程收敛性的影响;然后针对低速情形下预处理后的Euler方程组中各方程的收敛性,提出了一个改进的预处理矩阵。数值模拟结果表明：Weiss-Smith预处理方法可以很好地改善Euler方程在低速流动时的收敛特性,并且改进后的预处理矩阵在连续方程的收敛特性方面效果明显。     

横向喷流与超音速主流干扰流场的数值研究

 采用欧拉方程与可压缩涡对模型相结合的数值方法,研究了超音速主流与横向喷流干扰流场的气动特性。喷流横截面用一对反向旋转的可压缩涡来模拟。采用有限元Osher格式及非结构网格数值求解二维欧拉方程以得到非等熵外流场的气动特性及弓波位置。将欧拉方程数值解结果与可压缩涡对流场解结果相结合以研究喷流的轨迹及喷流横截面的变化。最后给出了数值模拟结果并与工程估算结果进行了比较,表明本文所述方法是可行的。     

跨声速三维Euler方程的显式／隐式格式有限元解法

本文采用有限体积Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法和非结构网格数值求解了跨声速三维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程,通量的求解采用ＶａｎＬｅｅｒ－阶逆风矢能量发裂方式,并通过外插使其上升为二阶精度,分别采用了显式及隐式两种格式求解。