排序方式: 共有16条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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在运载火箭改进优化或新型运载火箭设计过程中,会遇到各种复杂的流动与传热问题。按照真实产品和物理过程直接建立的数值计算模型过于复杂,不同尺度的结构、流动与传热、长时间的飞行过程相互耦合,出现计算时间太长(数年)、收敛困难、程序调试困难等问题。针对初始条件复杂、飞行过程复杂、边界条件复杂3类具体问题,总结了3种相应的模型简化方法,分别是工程经验法、极限参数法、低维近似法,为推进剂复杂流动与传热的数值模拟提供参考。 相似文献
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Rob R. Landis Paul A. Abell David J. Korsmeyer Thomas D. Jones Daniel R. Adamo 《Acta Astronautica》2009,65(11-12):1689-1697
In late 2006, NASA's Constellation Program sponsored a study to examine the feasibility of sending a piloted Orion spacecraft to a near-Earth object. NEOs are asteroids or comets that have perihelion distances less than or equal to 1.3 astronomical units, and can have orbits that cross that of the Earth. Therefore, the most suitable targets for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) are those NEOs in heliocentric orbits similar to Earth's (i.e. low inclination and low eccentricity). One of the significant advantages of this type of mission is that it strengthens and validates the foundational infrastructure of the United States Space Exploration Policy and is highly complementary to NASA's planned lunar sortie and outpost missions circa 2020. A human expedition to a NEO would not only underline the broad utility of the Orion CEV and Ares launch systems, but would also be the first human expedition to an interplanetary body beyond the Earth–Moon system. These deep space operations will present unique challenges not present in lunar missions for the onboard crew, spacecraft systems, and mission control team. Executing several piloted NEO missions will enable NASA to gain crucial deep space operational experience, which will be necessary prerequisites for the eventual human missions to Mars.Our NEO team will present and discuss the following:
- • new mission trajectories and concepts;
- • operational command and control considerations;
- • expected science, operational, resource utilization, and impact mitigation returns; and
- • continued exploration momentum and future Mars exploration benefits.
Keywords: NASA; Human spaceflight; NEO; Near-Earth asteroid; Orion spacecraft; Constellation program; Deep space 相似文献
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The surface of Mars is an environment significantly different from both the surface of the Earth and from orbit. Solar cell performance is the major constraint on the landing site latitude, on science operations, and on how long during each day and during which Mars seasons a spacecraft can operate. This article examines what we know about the environment of Mars and how it affects the selection of solar cells for Mars surface operation 相似文献
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运载火箭在飞行过程中需要进行姿态调整以满足入轨要求,贮箱内推进剂在外界干扰力的作用下将发生晃动,由此引入了诸如气液接触面积、蒸发、冷凝过程及推进剂流动变化等不确定影响因素。实际飞行过程尤其是进入滑行段的初始推进剂晃动对贮箱内气枕压力及推进剂流动行为具有重要影响。在调研国内外运载火箭末级飞行过程中低温贮箱压力及推进剂流动特性的基础上,建立仿真模型,采用流体体积函数方法(VOF)分析滑行段推进剂流动特性变化对贮箱气枕压力的影响。 相似文献
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It is logical to propose that if a human mission is flown to Mars, it should be composed of an entirely female crew. On the average, women have lower mass and take less volume than males, and use proportionately less consumables. In addition, sociological research indicates that a female crew may have a preferable interpersonal dynamic, and be likely to choose non-confrontational approaches to solve interpersonal problems. 相似文献
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A mission to the surface of Venus would have high scientific value, but most electronic devices and sensors cannot operate at the 450 °C ambient surface temperature of Venus. Power and cooling systems were analyzed for Venus surface operation. A radioisotope power and cooling system was designed to provide electrical power for a probe operating on the surface of Venus. For a mission duration of substantial length, the use of thermal mass to maintain an operable temperature range is likely impractical, and active refrigeration may be required to keep components at a temperature below ambient. Due to the high thermal convection of the high-density atmosphere, the heat rejection temperature was assumed to be at a 500 °C radiator temperature, 50 °C above ambient. The radioisotope Stirling power converter designed produces a thermodynamic power output capacity of 478.1 W, with a cooling power of 100 W. The overall efficiency is calculated to be 23.36%. The mass of the power converter is estimated at approximately 21.6 kg. 相似文献
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A design approach common to the areas of satellite operations command and control, tracking, subsystem analysis, system planning and scheduling, orbit determination and maintenance, and data routing and control is discussed. Specific satellite mission applications and operations are isolated from the remainder of the design to allow application to a broad variety of satellite systems. Discussions of specific satellite missions are limited to the context of understanding the general magnitude and scope of what a ground control facility is required to support. By isolating the common satellite operational functions, a low cost generic approach that allows for phased implementation of system changes with minimal impact to on-orbit assets and mission performance is developed. The goals of this approach are to provide the capability for growth, maintainability, and operability of the satellite system. A brief discussion of satellite systems followed by the introduction of the general function of any satellite control facility sets the stage for the overall design approach. The factors that define the design along with the key design features are presented, with a discussion of each product available in each functional area 相似文献
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Landis GA 《Acta Astronautica》2004,55(12):985-990
How will humans and robots cooperate in future planetary exploration? Are humans and robots fundamentally separate modes of exploration, or can humans and robots work together to synergistically explore the solar system? It is proposed that humans and robots can work together in exploring the planets by use of telerobotic operation to expand the function and usefulness of human explorers, and to extend the range of human exploration to hostile environments. 相似文献