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1.
Arman Seuylemezian Manuela Buonanno Lisa Guan David J. Brenner David Welch 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(1):496-503
This work aims to investigate far-UVC light at 222 nm as a new microbial reduction tool for planetary protection purposes which could potentially be integrated into the spacecraft assembly process. The major advantage of far-UVC (222 nm) compared to traditional germicidal UVC (254 nm) is the potential for application throughout the spacecraft assembly process in the presence of humans without adverse health effects due to the limited penetration of far-UVC light into biological materials. Testing the efficacy of 222-nm light at inactivating hardy bacterial cells and spores isolated from spacecraft and associated surfaces is a necessary step to evaluate this technology. We assessed survival of Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 and Acinetobacter radioresistens 50v1 exposed to 222-nm light on proxy spacecraft surfaces simulated by drying the bacteria on aluminum coupons. The survival fraction of both bacteria followed a single stage decay function up to 60 mJ/cm2, revealing similar susceptibility of both species to 222-nm light, which was independent of the exposure rate. Irradiation with far-UVC light at 222 nm is an effective method to decontaminate the proxy spacecraft materials tested in this study. 相似文献
2.
Karl-Heinz Glassmeier Ingo Richter Andrea Diedrich Günter Musmann Uli Auster Uwe Motschmann Andre Balogh Chris Carr Emanuele Cupido Andrew Coates Martin Rother Konrad Schwingenschuh Karoly Szegö Bruce Tsurutani 《Space Science Reviews》2007,128(1-4):649-670
The fluxgate magnetometer experiment onboard the ROSETTA spacecraft aims to measure the magnetic field in the interaction
region of the solar wind plasma with comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It consists of a system of two ultra light (about 28
g each ) triaxial fluxgate magnetometer sensors, mounted on the 1.5 m long spacecraft boom. The measurement range of each
sensor is ±16384 nT with quantization steps of 31 pT. The magnetometer sensors are operated with a time resolution of up to
0.05 s, corresponding to a bandwidth of 0–10 Hz. This performance of the RPC-MAG sensors allows detailed analyses of magnetic
field variations in the cometary environment. RPC-MAG furthermore is designed to study possible remnant magnetic fields of
the nucleus, measurements which will be done in close cooperation with the ROSETTA lander magnetometer experiment ROMAP. 相似文献
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4.
If life ever existed, or still exists, on Mars, its record is likely to be found in minerals formed by, or in association with, microorganisms. An important concept regarding interpretation of the mineralogical record for evidence of life is that, broadly defined, life perturbs disequilibria that arise due to kinetic barriers and can impart unexpected structure to an abiotic system. Many features of minerals and mineral assemblages may serve as biosignatures even if life does not have a familiar terrestrial chemical basis. Biological impacts on minerals and mineral assemblages may be direct or indirect. Crystalline or amorphous biominerals, an important category of mineralogical biosignatures, precipitate under direct cellular control as part of the life cycle of the organism (shells, tests, phytoliths) or indirectly when cell surface layers provide sites for heterogeneous nucleation. Biominerals also form indirectly as by-products of metabolism due to changing mineral solubility. Mineralogical biosignatures include distinctive mineral surface structures or chemistry that arise when dissolution and/or crystal growth kinetics are influenced by metabolic by-products. Mineral assemblages themselves may be diagnostic of the prior activity of organisms where barriers to precipitation or dissolution of specific phases have been overcome. Critical to resolving the question of whether life exists, or existed, on Mars is knowing how to distinguish biologically induced structure and organization patterns from inorganic phenomena and inorganic self-organization. This task assumes special significance when it is acknowledged that the majority of, and perhaps the only, material to be returned from Mars will be mineralogical. 相似文献
5.
P. Chris Fragile 《Space Science Reviews》2014,183(1-4):87-100
As the title suggests, the purpose of this chapter is to review the current status of numerical simulations of black hole accretion disks. This chapter focuses exclusively on global simulations of the accretion process within a few tens of gravitational radii of the black hole. Most of the simulations discussed are performed using general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) schemes, although some mention is made of Newtonian radiation MHD simulations and smoothed particle hydrodynamics. The goal is to convey some of the exciting work that has been going on in the past few years and provide some speculation on future directions. 相似文献
6.
Observations relevant to current models of the solar dynamo are presented, with emphasis on the history of solar magnetic activity and on the location and nature of the solar tachocline. The problems encountered when direct numerical simulation is used to analyse the solar cycle are discussed, and recent progress is reviewed. Mean field dynamo theory is still the basis of most theories of the solar dynamo, so a discussion of its fundamental principles and its underlying assumptions is given. The role of magnetic helicity is discussed. Some of the most popular models based on mean field theory are reviewed briefly. Dynamo models based on severe truncations of the full MHD equations are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Chris Paulson 《航空制造技术》2010,(23)
采用多学科专业CAE工具LMS Virtual.Lab和LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim设计前缘缝翼,这不仅展示了不同物理领域的集成,还包括采用LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim构建的一维或称"集总参数"模型与采用LMS Virtual.Lab构建的三维模型的集成。 相似文献
8.
随着民航业的不断发展,航空维修(MRO)企业面临着越来越多安全和守规方面的要求.MRO安全性一直是一个非常重要、复杂且极具挑战性的课题.以美国为例,数十年来FAA、航空公司和MRO企业一方面积极采取各种措施提高飞行安全性,但另一方面,威胁航空安全的事件却一再发生,比如最近美国西南航空公司、美国航空公司发生的一系列飞机停飞、航班取消事件. 相似文献
9.
This report describes the background to and rationale for World Space Week, now an annual event aiming to increase public awareness of the benefits of peaceful space use and to act as an educational tool for the young. Examples of typical activities in a variety of countries are presented. The report concludes with recommendations—such as rescheduling existing events to the period of World Space Week—to make the event even more successful. 相似文献
10.
An assessment is presented of the probable magnitude of ocean signals causing aliasing in ocean bottom pressure measurements
from the GRACE satellite mission. Even after modelling as much of the high frequency signal as possible, variability between
1 mbar (in quiet ocean regions) and 10 mbar (on some shelves) is likely to remain. Interpretation of the resulting retrievals
will therefore rely on the facts that the satellite sampling will average the aliasing signal to some extent, and that the
spatial patterns of aliased signal and true signal will be different. To this end, a theoretical argument is given, and supported
by model diagnostics, suggesting that observable bottom pressure signals will be strongly constrained by the shape of the
ocean floor. The modelled magnitudes offer the prospect of significant detectable signals and, while the model accuracy can
be called into question, there are hints from Earth rotation and satellite orbit measurements that significant mass redistributions
occur in the ocean. It seems certain that we will learn something new about the oceans from GRACE.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献