排序方式: 共有16条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
Early development of fern gametophytes in microgravity. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Stanley J Roux Ani Chatterjee Sheila Hillier Tom Cannon 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,31(1):215-220
Dormant spores of the fern Ceratopteris richardii were flown on Shuttle mission STS-93 to evaluate the effects of micro-g on their development and on their pattern of gene expression. Prior to flight the spores were sterilized and sown into one of two environments: (1) Microscope slides in a video-microscopy module; and (2) Petri dishes. All spores were then stored in darkness until use. Spore germination was initiated on orbit after exposure to light. For the spores on microscope slides, cell level changes were recorded through the clear spore coat of the spores by video microscopy. After their exposure to light, spores in petri dishes were frozen in orbit at four different time points during which on earth gravity fixes the polarity of their development. Spores were then stored frozen in Biological Research in Canister units until recovery on earth. The RNAs from these cells and from 1-g control cells were extracted and analyzed on earth after flight to assay changes in gene expression. Video microscopy results revealed that the germinated spores developed normally in microgravity, although the polarity of their development, which is guided by gravity on earth, was random in space. Differential Display-PCR analyses of RNA extracted from space-flown cells showed that there was about a 5% change in the pattern of gene expression between cells developing in micro-g compared to those developing on earth. 相似文献
2.
R Roots W Holley A Chatterjee E Rachal G Kraft 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1989,9(10):45-55
We have aimed to present a comprehensive review of our understanding to date of the formation of DNA strand breaks induced by high LET radiation. We have discussed data obtained from DNA in solution as well as from the formation and "repair" of strand breaks in cell DNA. There is good agreement, qualitatively, between these two systems. Results were evaluated for two parameters: (1) effectivity per particle, the cross section (sigma) in micrometers 2/particle; and (2) the strand break induction frequency as number of breaks per Gy per unit DNA (bp or dalton). A series of biological effects curves (one for each Z-number) is obtained in effectivity versus LET plots. The relationships between induction frequencies of single-strand breaks, or double-strand breaks, or the residual "irrepairable" breaks and LET-values have been evaluated and discussed for a wide spectrum of heavy ions, both for DNA in solution and for DNA in the cell. For radiation induced total breaks in cell DNA, the RBE is less than one, while the RBE for the induction of DSBs can be greater than one in the 100-200 keV/micrometers range. The level of irrepairable strand breaks is highest in this same LET range and may reach 25 percent of the initial break yield. The data presented cover results obtained for helium to uranium particles, covering a particle incident energy range of about 2 to 900 MeV/u with a corresponding LET range of near 16 to 16000 keV/micrometers. 相似文献
3.
A Chatterjee P Koehl J L Magee 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1986,6(11):97-105
A theoretical approach to the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of indirect action of ionizing radiation on SV40 DNA in aqueous solution is presented. The extent of OH attack on the sugar moiety and bases has been calculated. A realistic model for the DNA (in B form) based on available X-ray diffraction data is used and specific reaction sites for the OH radicals are obtained. A Monte Carlo scheme is used to follow the diffusion and reaction of the OH radicals. Effects of track structure have been considered and the single strand break D37 values for 14 MeV electrons (low-LET) and 670 MeV/u and 40 MeV/u neon particles are presented. Calculated results are in agreement with available experimental data. It has been found that regardless of the qualities of radiation, 80% of the OH attack on DNA is on the bases and 20% is on the deoxyribose. From probability considerations only, it appears that the number of double strand breaks varies linearly with dose. 相似文献
4.
5.
汤阿妮 《北京航空航天大学学报》2011,37(6):654-657,664
受到实际条件限制,现阶段的飞机载荷谱实测均采取小子样实测方法,小子样实测数据是取自真实母体的一个简单样本,很难保证数据的充分性、完整性.传统的均值统计法无法对数据缺陷进行弥补.为了克服小子样数据不足问题,将核密度估计技术用于载荷谱统计,取得了良好效果.介绍了核密度估计的相关理论基础,并以某型机下沉速度谱的统计为例,详细介绍了将核密度估计方法用于载荷谱统计的数学过程.结果显示:核密度估计方法对还原载荷谱原貌、补充小子样数据的不足问题具有良好作用. 相似文献
6.
F Antonelli M Belli A Campa A Chatterjee V Dini G Esposito B Rydberg G Simone M A Tabocchini 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,34(6):1353-1357
Outside the magnetic field of the Earth, high energy heavy ions constitute a relevant part of the biologically significant dose to astronauts during the very long travels through space. The typical pattern of energy deposition in the matter by heavy ions on the microscopic scale is believed to produce spatially correlated damage in the DNA which is critical for radiobiological effects. We have investigated the influence of a lucite shielding on the initial production of very small DNA fragments in human fibroblasts irradiated with 1 GeV/u iron (Fe) ions. We also used gamma rays as reference radiation. Our results show: (1) a lower effect per incident ion when the shielding is used; (2) an higher DNA Double Strand Breaks (DSB) induction by Fe ions than by gamma rays in the size range 1-23 kbp; (3) a non-random DNA DSB induction by Fe ions. 相似文献
7.
Motion estimation of distributed objects is discussed. Measurements include position plus Doppler. We show that 2D position plus Doppler is sufficient to uniquely determine the motion parameters of an object on a circular trajectory except for special cases. The uniqueness enhances occlusion tolerance and implies an approach to associating features. We show that the sensitivity of calculated motion parameters to measurement error is bounded. We also show that the error in the motion parameters tends to zero as the measurement error approaches zero 相似文献
8.
A Chatterjee W R Holley 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1992,12(2-3):33-43
Using mechanisms of indirect and direct radiation, a generalized theory has been developed to account for strand break yields by high-LET particles. The major assumptions of this theory are: (i) damage at deoxyribose sites results primarily in strand break formation and (2) damage to bases leads to a variety of base alterations. Results of the present theory compare well with cellular data without enzymatic repair. As an extension of this theory, we show that damage clusters are formed near each double strand break for high-LET radiation only. For 10 MeV/n (LET = 450 keV/micrometer) neon ions, the results show that on average there are approximately 3 additional breaks and approximately 3 damaged bases formed near each double strand break. For 100 MeV/n helium ions (LET = 3 keV/micrometer), less than 1% of the strand breaks have additional damage within 10 base pairs. 相似文献
9.
10.
A system of linear time-dependent hyperbolic partial differential equations in the form of the time-domain Maxwell's equations is numerically solved using a geometric multigrid method. The multilevel method is an adap- tation of Ni's cell-vertex based multigrid technique, originally proposed for accelerating steady state convergence of nonlinear time-dependent Euler equations of gas dynamics. We discuss issues pertaining to the application of the geometric multigrid method to a system of equations where the major issue is of accurately propagating linear waves over large distances leading to major constraints on the required grid resolution in terms of points-per-wave- length. 相似文献