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1.
Hajime Inoue 《Space Science Reviews》1985,40(1-2):317-338
Spectroscopic study of bright binary X-ray sources, performed with the gas scintillation proportional counters on board Tenma, is reviewed. Properties of an iron emission line from two classes of bright binary X-ray sources: X-ray pulsars and low-mass binary sources, are first presented. It is shown that a most likely candidate for the line emitting region is an Alfven shell in case of X-ray pulsars, whereas that of low mass binary sources is an outer accretion disk. Next, nature of the continuum emission from low-mass binary sources is consistently interpreted by a picture that an optically thick accretion disk extends down to very near the surface of a weakly magnetized neutron star. Origin of ultrasoft spectra of black hole candidate sources is also discussed. 相似文献
2.
P Tsou DE Brownlee CP McKay AD Anbar H Yano K Altwegg LW Beegle R Dissly NJ Strange I Kanik 《Astrobiology》2012,12(8):730-742
Abstract Life Investigation For Enceladus (LIFE) presents a low-cost sample return mission to Enceladus, a body with high astrobiological potential. There is ample evidence that liquid water exists under ice coverage in the form of active geysers in the "tiger stripes" area of the southern Enceladus hemisphere. This active plume consists of gas and ice particles and enables the sampling of fresh materials from the interior that may originate from a liquid water source. The particles consist mostly of water ice and are 1-10?μ in diameter. The plume composition shows H(2)O, CO(2), CH(4), NH(3), Ar, and evidence that more complex organic species might be present. Since life on Earth exists whenever liquid water, organics, and energy coexist, understanding the chemical components of the emanating ice particles could indicate whether life is potentially present on Enceladus. The icy worlds of the outer planets are testing grounds for some of the theories for the origin of life on Earth. The LIFE mission concept is envisioned in two parts: first, to orbit Saturn (in order to achieve lower sampling speeds, approaching 2 km/s, and thus enable a softer sample collection impact than Stardust, and to make possible multiple flybys of Enceladus); second, to sample Enceladus' plume, the E ring of Saturn, and the Titan upper atmosphere. With new findings from these samples, NASA could provide detailed chemical and isotopic and, potentially, biological compositional context of the plume. Since the duration of the Enceladus plume is unpredictable, it is imperative that these samples are captured at the earliest flight opportunity. If LIFE is launched before 2019, it could take advantage of a Jupiter gravity assist, which would thus reduce mission lifetimes and launch vehicle costs. The LIFE concept offers science returns comparable to those of a Flagship mission but at the measurably lower sample return costs of a Discovery-class mission. Key Words: Astrobiology-Habitability-Enceladus-Biosignatures. Astrobiology 12, 730-742. 相似文献
3.
Takashi Iida Kenichi Okamoto Yoshiaki Ohkami Seishiro Kibe Hajime Koshishi Masao Naka Hiromichi Yamamoto 《Acta Astronautica》1985,12(5):335-344
The large assembly antenna in space can meet future requirements of both high frequency and large aperture. This paper proposes an experiment on assembling a large antenna at the Space Station, and discusses a realizable procedure of the experiment. The objective of this experiment is that a large antenna of a 10-m diameter is assembled in space and at the same time problems occurring in the assembling process are clarified by conducting the following experiments: assembly of test articles by manipulators, measurement of both mechanical and electrical performance of the assembled antenna, test of the pointing control system, and operational test. In the operational test, the weather radar development test and the large aperture microwave radiometer development test are conducted. Furthermore, the problem areas and items of further study are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
4.
Yoshinori Takano Hajime Yano Yasuhito Sekine Ryu Funase Ken Takai 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
Planetary protection has been recognized as one of the most important issues in sample return missions that may host certain living forms and biotic signatures in a returned sample. This paper proposes an initiative of sample capsule retrieval and onboard biosafety protocol in international waters for future biological and organic constituent missions to bring samples from possible habitable bodies in the solar system. We suggest the advantages of international waters being outside of national jurisdiction and active regions of human and traffic affairs on the condition that we accept the Outer Space Treaty. The scheme of onboard biological quarantine definitely reduces the potential risk of back-contamination of extraterrestrial materials to the Earth. 相似文献
5.
Hiroshi Yamakawa Hiroyuki Ogawa Yasumasa Kasaba Hajime Hayakawa Toshifumi Mukai Masaki Adachi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,33(12):2133-2141
This paper shows the current baseline of the conceptual design of the BepiColombo/MMO (mercury magnetospheric orbiter) spacecraft, which is conducted by the ISAS Mercury Exploration Working Group. The MMO is a spinning spacecraft of 200 kg mass whose spin axis is nearly perpendicular to the Mercury orbital plane. The current status of the overall MMO system and subsystems such as thermal control, communication, power, etc. are described. The latest status of the development of critical technologies for the MMO and the outline of the international cooperation between ESA and ISAS are also presented. 相似文献
6.
Yuzo Suga Yasushi Ninomiya Takeshi Sakai Hajime Nishikawa Sotaro Tanaka Toshiro Sugimura 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1982,2(8):183-188
We first analyzed aerial, satellite and surface photographs of Hiroshima taken in 1939, 1945, 1947, 1972, 1980 and 1982, in time sequence. It is rather difficult to recognize traces of damage caused by the atomic bombing from surface level with the few exceptions such as the Atomic Bomb Memorial Dome. However, the ground surface pattern of central Hiroshima analyzed by LANDSAT MSS data shows similarities to damage caused by the atomic bombing and the distribution of residual radioactivities. 相似文献
7.
Kobayashi Masanori Shibata Hiromi Nogami Ken’ichi Fujii Masayuki Hasegawa Sunao Hirabayashi Masatoshi Hirai Takayuki Iwai Takeo Kimura Hiroshi Miyachi Takashi Nakamura Maki Ohashi Hideo Sasaki Sho Takechi Seiji Yano Hajime Krüger Harald Lohse Ann-Kathrin Srama Ralf Strub Peter Grün Eberhard 《Space Science Reviews》2020,216(8):1-49
Space Science Reviews - In this chapter, we review the contribution of space missions to the determination of the elemental and isotopic composition of Earth, Moon and the terrestrial planets, with... 相似文献
8.
Inoue T. Saito T. Kagoshima K. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1981,(6):757-765
The system design and operational results of a 30/20 GHz band small Earth station for integrated services satellite digital network (ISSDN) experiments are presented. The Earth station has a high efficiency offset Cassegrain antenna with elliptical beam, a high power klystron amplifier with 1 kW output power and an uncooled parametric low noise amplifier with 200 K noise temperature. Experiments were performed using the medium capacity communications satellite for experimental purposes (CS). Performance on the Earth station was high. Effective radiation power (ERP) was greater than 88.1 dBW, and the receiving figure of merit (G/T) was larger than 30.6 dB/K. Good transmission characteristics were obtained through the satellite link for demand assigned time-division multiple access (DA-TDMA) with 20 Mbit/s bit rate. 相似文献
9.
An outline and the multiple access techniques used in a domestic satellite communications system accommodating numerous small Earth stations are presented. Two kinds of Earth stations are employed in this system, a small Earth terminal (SET) and a master Earth station (MES). Forty-eight two-way satellite channels were achieved in the 6/4 GHz bands with a transponder eirp of about 62 dBm. Time division multiplex is employed in the MES to SET link and spread spectrum multiple access in the SET to MES link. 相似文献
10.
Peter W. A. Roming Thomas E. Kennedy Keith O. Mason John A. Nousek Lindy Ahr Richard E. Bingham Patrick S. Broos Mary J. Carter Barry K. Hancock Howard E. Huckle S D. Hunsberger Hajime Kawakami Ronnie Killough T Scott Koch Michael K. Mclelland Kelly Smith Philip J. Smith Juan Carlos Soto Patricia T. Boyd Alice A. Breeveld Stephen T. Holland Mariya Ivanushkina Michael S. Pryzby Martin D. Still Joseph Stock 《Space Science Reviews》2005,120(3-4):95-142
The Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) is one of three instruments flying aboard the Swift Gamma-ray Observatory. It is designed to capture the early (∼1 min) UV and optical photons from the afterglow of gamma-ray
bursts in the 170–600 nm band as well as long term observations of these afterglows. This is accomplished through the use
of UV and optical broadband filters and grisms. The UVOT has a modified Ritchey–Chrétien design with micro-channel plate intensified
charged-coupled device detectors that record the arrival time of individual photons and provide sub-arcsecond positioning
of sources. We discuss some of the science to be pursued by the UVOT and the overall design of the instrument. 相似文献