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描述了在Sandia国家实验室研制的双水獭SAR试验台。该试验台很灵活、适应性强,能工作于四种频:Ka、Ku和VHF/UHF频带。这种SAR的特点是在聚束模式和条带测绘模式下具有高分辨实时图像形成能力。高质量的图像是采用重叠子孔径(OSA)图像形成算法和相位梯度自聚然(PGA)算法实时形成的。 相似文献
3.
本文介绍了用于大型固体推进剂火箭发动机的组合式无喷管、无壳体点火器方案的设计、分析及试验结果。该点火方案的主要优点是可以把60%左右的点火器消极重量变成药柱有效载荷。点火系统的主装药由点火器周围的发动机前段装药所构成。这段装药又是发动机推进剂药柱的一部分,设计成象一个小的低压无喷管火箭发动机,给主发动机推进剂段提供足够的压力和热流输出以实现发动机点火。前段推进剂的点火由一个比较小的径向排气的BKNO_3烟火剂药片点火器来实现。试验计划需验证三个方面的设计问题: 相似文献
4.
If life ever existed, or still exists, on Mars, its record is likely to be found in minerals formed by, or in association with, microorganisms. An important concept regarding interpretation of the mineralogical record for evidence of life is that, broadly defined, life perturbs disequilibria that arise due to kinetic barriers and can impart unexpected structure to an abiotic system. Many features of minerals and mineral assemblages may serve as biosignatures even if life does not have a familiar terrestrial chemical basis. Biological impacts on minerals and mineral assemblages may be direct or indirect. Crystalline or amorphous biominerals, an important category of mineralogical biosignatures, precipitate under direct cellular control as part of the life cycle of the organism (shells, tests, phytoliths) or indirectly when cell surface layers provide sites for heterogeneous nucleation. Biominerals also form indirectly as by-products of metabolism due to changing mineral solubility. Mineralogical biosignatures include distinctive mineral surface structures or chemistry that arise when dissolution and/or crystal growth kinetics are influenced by metabolic by-products. Mineral assemblages themselves may be diagnostic of the prior activity of organisms where barriers to precipitation or dissolution of specific phases have been overcome. Critical to resolving the question of whether life exists, or existed, on Mars is knowing how to distinguish biologically induced structure and organization patterns from inorganic phenomena and inorganic self-organization. This task assumes special significance when it is acknowledged that the majority of, and perhaps the only, material to be returned from Mars will be mineralogical. 相似文献
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Moatti JP Dousset N Moatti N Degre M Eche B Gasset G Tixador R 《Acta Astronautica》1995,36(8-12):527-533
The purpose of “Vitamin” experiment is to study the efficiency of protective substances on three biological acellular systems aqueous solutions exposed to cosmic radiation in space. The first system “LDL”is a low density lipoprotein. The second is “E2-TeBG complexe” in which estradiol (E2) is bound to its plasmatic carrier protein, testosterone-estradiol binding globulin (TeBG). The third is “pBR 322”, a plasmid. “Vitamin” experiment was accomodated in the Biopan which had been mounted on the outer surface of a Foton retrievable satellite. The experiment was exposed to space environment during 15 days. A stable temperature of about 20 °C was maintained throughout the flight. “Vitamin” experiment preliminary results are presented and discussed. 相似文献
6.
Gabrion J Herbute S Oliver J Maurel D Davet J Clavel B Gharib C Fareh J Fagette S Nguyen B 《Acta Astronautica》1995,36(8-12):439-448
Fluid and electrolyte shifts occuring during human spaceflight have been reported and investigated at the level of blood, cardio-vascular and renal responses. Very few data were available concerning the cerebral fluid and electrolyte adaptation to microgravity, even in animal models. It is the reason why we developed several studies focused on the effects of spaceflight (SLS-1 and SLS-2 programs, carried on NASA STS 40 and 56 missions, which were 9- and 14-day flights, respectively), on structural and functional features of choroid plexuses, organs which secrete 70–90 % of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and which are involved in brain homeostasis. Rats flown aboard space shuttles were sacrificed either in space (SLS-2 experiment, on flight day 13) or 4–8 hours after landing (SLS-1 and SLS-2 experiments). Quantitative autoradiography performed by microdensitometry and image analysis, showed that lateral and third ventricle choroid plexuses from rats flown for SLS-1 experiment demonstrated an increased number (about x 2) of binding sites to natriuretic peptides (which are known to be involved in mechanisms regulating CSF production). Using electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, we studied the cellular response of choroid plexuses, which produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain lateral, third and fourth ventricles. We demonstrated that spaceflight (SLS-2 experiment, inflight samples) induces changes in the choroidal cell structure (apical microvilli, kinocilia organization, vesicle accumulation) and protein distribution or expression (carbonic anhydrase II, water channels,…). These observations suggested a loss of choroidal cell polarity and a decrease in CSF secretion. Hindlimb-suspended rats displayed similar choroidal changes. All together, these results support the hypothesis of a modified CSF production in rats during long-term (9, 13 or 14 days) adaptations to microgravity. 相似文献
7.
Rapp D Naderi F Neugebauer M Sevilla D Sweetnam D Burnett D Wiens R Smith N Clark B McComas D Stansbery E 《Acta Astronautica》1996,39(1-4):229-238
The Suess-Urey (S-U) mission has been proposed as a NASA Discovery mission to return samples of matter from the Sun to the Earth for isotopic and chemical analyses in terrestrial laboratories to provide a major improvement in our knowledge of the average chemical and isotopic composition of the solar system. The S-U spacecraft and sample return capsule will be placed in a halo orbit around the L1 Sun-Earth libration point for two years to collect solar wind ions which implant into large passive collectors made of ultra-pure materials. Constant Spacecraft-Sun-Earth geometries enable simple spin stabilized attitude control, simple passive thermal control, and a fixed medium gain antenna. Low data requirements and the safety of a Sun-pointed spinner, result in extremely low mission operations costs. 相似文献
8.
铸造高温合金熔炼工艺中的冶金原则 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文中介绍了苏联铸造高温合金工艺中冶金原则的发展。除去合金化元素之外,杂质元素和微量添加元素是决定合金组织和性能的最重要因素之一。文中详细讨论了在不同条件下它们对合金高温性能的影响。结论中提出改进铸造高温合金冶炼工艺的若干有效的措施。 相似文献
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