电子设备可靠性预计参数综合分析方法研究

如何调整元器件的参数以满足可靠性要求并达到最佳的效费比?传统的方法是绘制故障率随单个预计参数变化的曲线,然后根据变化的趋势分别进行调整,但该方法很难直观地反映出多参数对故障率的综合影响,为了达到优化的目的,设计人员需要根据经验反复地调整各类参数。为此,本文结合电子产品可靠性预计软件,给出了直观分析各参数对电子设备可靠性预计结果综合影响的方法。     

三元整体叶轮的曲面造型及其计算机辅助制造技术

针对一种三元整体叶轮,采用B样条方法对叶片中性面上顶部和根部的两组数据点进行了插值曲线的反算,进而构造出直纹面形式的叶片中性面和叶片曲面;研究了在五坐标机床上采用球头棒铣刀侧铣加工叶轮时的刀位计算方法,给出了在UG环境下的叶轮曲面建模方法及其数控加工仿真步骤。     

基于实验设计和响应面模型的风扇转子气动优化设计

针对跨声速风扇动叶中掠、弯结合叶片基于控制点的B样条曲线对积叠线进行参数化,以掠、弯为设计自由度,应用实验设计、三维粘性流场求解、响应面模型及遗传算法对Rotor 67以近尖峰效率工况点为设计点对风扇转子进行了气动优化设计,得到了前掠与弯向旋转方向的复合设计叶片,其总压比有较明显提高。但由于优化是在单一工况点下进行的,其变工况性能不佳。     

Using high-energy proton fluence to improve risk prediction for consequences of solar particle events

The potential for exposure to large solar particle events (SPEs) with high energy levels is a major concern during interplanetary transfer and extra-vehicular activities (EVAs) on the lunar and Mars surface. Previously, we have used data from the last 5 solar cycles to estimate percentiles of dose to a typical blood-forming organ (BFO) for a hypothetical astronaut in a nominally shielded spacecraft during a 120-d lunar mission. As part of this process, we made use of complete energy spectra for 34 large historical SPEs to calculate what the BFO mGy-Eq dose would have been in the above lunar scenario for each SPE. From these calculated doses, we then developed a prediction model for BFO dose based solely on an assumed value of integrated fluence above 30 MeV (Φ₃₀) for an otherwise unspecified future SPE. In this study, we reasoned that since BFO dose is determined more by protons with higher energies than by those with lower energies, more accurate BFO dose prediction models could be developed using integrated fluence above 60 (Φ₆₀) and above 100 MeV (Φ₁₀₀) as predictors instead of Φ₃₀. However to calculate the unconditional probability of a BFO dose exceeding a pre-specified limit (“BFO dose risk”), one must also take into account the distribution of the predictor (Φ_30,Φ₆₀, or Φ₁₀₀), as estimated from historical SPEs. But Φ₆₀ and Φ₁₀₀ have more variability, and less available historical information on which to estimate their distributions over many SPE occurrences, than does Φ₃₀. Therefore, when estimating BFO dose risk there is a tradeoff between increased BFO dose prediction at a given energy threshold and decreased accuracy of models for describing the distribution of that threshold over future SPEs as the threshold increases. Even when taking the second of these two factors into account, we still arrived at the conclusion that overall prediction improves as the energy level threshold increases from 30 to 60 to 100 MeV. These results can be applied to the development of approaches to improve radiation protection of astronauts and the optimization of mission planning for future space missions.     

民用飞机防火系统研究

防火系统由探测系统和灭火系统组成。色机防火系统对指定防护区的过热、烟雾或着火状况进行探测、监控和告警,并提供有效的灭火或者火情抑制措施。一且探测到防护区发生过热、烟雾或火情等危险情况,系统向驾驶员发出告警,以便驾驶员采取相应处理程序。系统提供灭火措施,可对火情进行抑制或扑灭,保证飞机和人员的安全。系统对设备的工作进行状...     

基于LS-DYNA滚动轴承使役可靠度计算方法

利用软件LS-DYNA对滚动轴承使役过程进行了动态有限元计算,基于响应面法（RSM）建立6408滚动轴承输入参数与输出响应的函数关系方程,设定各类随机误差分布,利用矩阵试验法确定抽样点在输入变量抽样空间的位置,进行一系列确定性拟合试验.每次试验借助LS-DYNA进行精确求解,运用求解数据对方程进行最小二乘法回归分析确定方程的组成项及系数.最后利用函数关系方程计算轴承任意时刻的使役可靠度.结果表明:计算得出该轴承在0.020008s时的使役可靠度为97.062%.      

平面埋入式进气道的口面参数选择与试验验证

为了提高飞行器的隐身性能和降低其迎风阻力,采用具有平面腹部的低雷达截面外形机身与埋入式进气道的组合是一种良好的解决方案。但迄今尚未有成熟的平面埋入式进气道设计方法可供借鉴,为此对平面埋入式进气道口面参数进行了组合对比研究,旨在通过口面参数的选择来改善进气道的气动性能。在此基础上,选择一组口面参数设计了一梯形进口的平面埋入式进气道方案,并进行了高速风洞试验验证。研究结果表明:(1)进口侧棱决定了所产生的卷吸涡的强度,而前唇口导流角决定了进口段的横向压力梯度,两者均是驱动主流进入进气道内部的关键因素,为此对进气道总压恢复系数和周向畸变指数均有着重要影响;后唇口型线特征参数对进气道出口总压高低压区的分布起着调节作用,为此可以作为控制周向畸变指数的一种辅助措施。(2)合适的口面参数能明显改善平面埋入式进气道的性能。选取23°导流角、4°侧棱角以及30°后唇口型线特征参数组合进行了方案设计和风洞试验验证,在Ma₀=0.7,α＝-2°~8°,β＝0°~2°的范围内,进气道的总压恢复系数在0.920~0.952之间,周向畸变指数在1.142%~2.237%之间,达到了实用水平。(3)研究范围内,攻角的增加有利于改善平面埋入式进气道的总压恢复系数和周向畸变指数,而小角度侧滑时对出口流场畸变的影响不大,不仅未下降,反而稍有增加。     

高效离子电热水器的设计

描述一种由AT89C2051单片机控制的高效离子电热水器,该热水器使用安全,即开即热,转换效率高。     

Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.