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1.
Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.  相似文献   
2.
    
Since 1960s, the gravitational potential of the Moon has been extensively studied from Doppler tracking data between a ground station and spacecraft orbiting in front of the Moon (e. g., Lorell and Sjogren, 1968; Bills and Ferrari, 1980; Konopliv et al., 1993; Lemoine et al., 1997). Because direct radio communication is interrupted while spacecraft is orbiting behind the Moon, however, the coverage of tracking data has been limited mostly to the nearside of the Moon so far. In order to compensate for such lack of tracking data, we propose satellite-to-satellite Doppler measurement by using a relay subsatellite in Japanese mission to the Moon in 2003. A complete coverage of Doppler tracking from an orbiter at sufficiently low altitude will significantly improve lunar gravity model and will contribute for future geophysical study of interior and tectonics on the Moon. Further, we propose differential VLBI experiment between the subsatellite and a propulsion module landed on the surface of the Moon. The differential VLBI is about 10 times more accurate than conventional Doppler measurement for long-wavelength gravity field. Besides, differential VLBI is sensitive to the displacement perpendicular to the line of sight. Thus the VLBI experiment provides precise estimates of the lunar gravity potential at low degree. The last proposal for selenodetic experiments is a laser altimeter. Global topography model has been already developed from the analysis of Clementine LIDAR data (Zuber et al., 1994), but it is suggested that the model includes appreciable anisotropy between NS and E-W directions due to highly eccentric orbit of Clementine spacecraft (Bills and Lemoine, 1995). The laser altimeter experiment from an orbiter in nearly circular orbit will provide a new reference for the isotropic lunar topography model.  相似文献   
3.
带宽弦叶片的盘片耦合振动特性研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
为确定盘片系统将发生的耦合共振,建立了带宽弦叶片的盘片耦合系统的基本重复扇区的有限元模型,并采用波传播技术对耦合系统进行了振动特性的计算分析.指出了宽弦叶片在振动中表现出的特有振型,以及随转速的变化规律.分析了盘片耦合后的振动特性,以及叶片各阶振动频率随节径数变化的规律.   相似文献   
4.
静叶角度调节对组合压气机性能优化机理   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用流线曲率法求解组合压气机的准三维流场,在叶片排前后缘及中间设置计算站,使用样条函数拟合流线;根据组合压气机结构特点,发展了适合其特性计算的损失、落后角模型及计算程序;将特性计算程序与导、静叶角度优化调节方案相结合,确定出不同设计转速下,导、静叶最佳调节角度组合.在90%设计转速,近最高效率点处,利用全三维的数值模拟手段分析了组合压气机导、静叶最佳角度调节前后流场结构变化.研究结果表明:导、静叶角度调节削弱了压气机叶片排中的激波强度,减少了损失,同时能抑制气流的分离,明显改善组合压气机的流场结构.   相似文献   
5.
    
Daily measurements of the ground-level ultraviolet radiation (UVR) for the years 1998–2000 were used to investigate the seasonal UVR variation in the East Siberian region. The study revealed the asymmetry of the seasonal UVR variation with respect to the angular altitudes of the Sun, caused by the seasonal variation of the total ozone content (TOC), and possibly by the presence of the snow cover. Characteristics of the occurrence of short-lasting increases in UVR are considered, which are associated with TOC anomalies and with high atmospheric transparency. Fluctuations of the ground-level UVR with periods of 2.8, 6–13 and 26 days are identified. A study is made of the dependence of the ground-level UVR on solar activity. Statistically significant correlation coefficients with solar activity indices are obtained.  相似文献   
6.
Complex studies with the use of spectrum and harmonic analysis allow determination of wave disturbances in the prevailing and tidal wind, and also mesoscale short period oscillation intensity per unit mass. We particularly find enhanced periods of 4–6, 9–12, 15–20, 25–30 days, which are typical for planetary waves in the lower and middle atmosphere of the Earth. We also reveal the non-linear character of vertical amplitude and phase profiles for wave disturbances with planetary wave scales in the prevailing, tidal and short period oscillation intensity. This non-linearity is interpreted as a consequence of the non-linear interaction of waves such as internal gravity waves, tides and planetary waves among themselves and with background movements.  相似文献   
7.
驻涡燃烧室发散冷却方案试验   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
设计了两种适用于驻涡燃烧室的发散冷却结构,发散孔的倾角分别为30?和150?,并通过试验研究了两种冷却结构在不同位置处,不同温比及吹风比条件下的冷却效果.试验结果表明,两种冷却结构均具有较高的绝热效率;两种结构的绝热效率随主流温度或吹风比的变化规律相同;凹腔前壁面的绝热效率最高,后壁面的绝热效率最低;在相同试验条件下,倾角150?冷却结构的绝热效率高于倾角30?冷却结构的绝热效率;随着冷却气量的减小,两者之间的差距逐渐增大.最后,通过数值计算方法对试验结果进行了分析.   相似文献   
8.
宽弦空心风扇叶片流固耦合作用下的叶片响应分析   总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
王营  陶智  杜发荣  郝勇 《航空动力学报》2008,23(12):2177-2183
利用数值模拟的方法,对宽弦空心风扇叶片在空气场作用下的瞬态响应进行了研究.采用流固耦合数值计算方法,得到了某宽弦空心风扇叶片在非定常边界条件下的变形响应.计算结果表明,叶片在空气场的作用下,最大位移发生在叶片前缘叶尖处,在沿叶展方向与叶片内部芯板结构沿叶展方向分布重合处产生应力集中,应力值由叶片表面向叶片内部逐渐减小,内部芯板虽然厚度较薄,但分布应力值均较小,且应力集中发生在叶片表面.气动力与叶片结构之间的耦合作用,使叶片结构模态振型沿周向不再均匀分布.叶片在气固耦合时的变形响应以绕旋转轴的弯曲振动为主,接近叶片的一阶模态变形.   相似文献   
9.
为实施裕度定制,本文开发了能够体现裕度定制思想的轴流压气机二维特性预估方法。精细考虑了前后缘形状、最大弯度位置等,尤其是通过考虑叶片力而全面包含掠影响是本方法的重要特色。为初步验证本方法,对NASA37和NASA67转子进行了性能预估并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,本方法基本可靠,可以用于裕度定制目的。  相似文献   
10.
抑涡孔结构对气膜冷却效率的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
对不同孔间距模型的气膜冷却现象的流动和换热进行了数值计算,得到了不同吹风比下,展向和流向孔间距对气膜冷却效率的影响规律.研究结果表明,在主流雷诺数为4 797,吹风比为0.2~2.0的条件下:①展向方向上,S1/D=1为最佳布局;②流向方向上,相对于主孔靠后的辅助孔冷却效果较好;③流向方向上,辅助孔在主孔下游的模型受吹风比影响小,并且流向距离的改变,对涡量的量级不发生改变,对涡量的大小和方向影响较大.   相似文献   
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