高效相变蓄热装置结构设计及试验研究

文章针对某飞行器舱内大功率设备控温需求,提出了相变蓄热技术解决方案,建立了平板式肋片强化相变蓄热装置物理模型,根据大功率伺服舵机控制器热耗及工作模式等参数条件,采用十八烷为相变吸热材料,设计了一台高效平板式肋片相变蓄热装置,并通过地面试验研究,验证了该装置的控温性能、稳定性及等温性。试验结果表明:所设计的肋片式高效相变蓄热装置,在120 W热源功率下,可以将设备温度控制在50℃以下超过3000 s;榫槽形式的封装结构具有良好的密封性能,相变蓄热装置在多次相变循环后无泄漏;在3000 s测试时间内相变装置内部最大温差为3℃,具有很好的等温性。     

平板上钝缘舵在超声速绕流中的三维分离特性研究

对于平板上的直立钝缘舵在M_∞=1.79、2.04和2.50的条件下,研究了该平板干扰区中的三维分离特性。着重讨论了钝缘直径、舵面迎角和来流马赫数对主分离线位置和形状的影响。分析了该类三维分离在性态上更强地依赖于无粘流动特性。此外,还对分离区内的二次分离发展过程和形态进行了初步讨论。     

栅格翼电弧风洞试验的气动参数模拟方法研究

为验证栅格翼防热方案的有效性,针对栅格翼单片级试验件厚度过低无法直接测量试验件冷壁热流密度的难题,提出了一种直接模拟来流气动参数的栅格翼热防护试验设计方法,能够准确考核防热方案,对类似结构的热防护试验具有指导意义。     

高超声速栅格翼气动特性研究

阐述了用于马赫数大于5.0的高超声速飞行控制的栅格翼气动特性问题。采用工程 计算方法预示了栅格翼气动力、热特性,验证了栅格翼几何参数特性合理选取的初步要求, 这为后续深入研究进行了有益的探索。
     

仿生机器鱼尾鳍拍动的控制算法

两关节尾鳍拍动控制是一个在高速、大载荷下的运动控制问题,它要求同时保证速度和位置波形失真都比较小.论证了尾鳍拍动推进方式与鱼体波动推进方式的一致性,根据尾鳍拍动的运动规律导出了用于拍动控制的数学模型.基于SPC-III机器鱼硬件平台,在主臂控制上,提出了根据摆角位置解算转速,并结合时间与摆角位置关系进行速度补偿的算法;在小臂控制上,提出了根据两关节摆角位置的关系及程序循环周期解算小臂目标位置的跟随算法.对高频拍动的实现进行了探讨.在试验中对尾鳍拍动的跟随性进行了验证.      

Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of the folding fin with freeplay under thermal environment

The nonlinear aeroelastic behavior of a folding fin in supersonic flow is investigated in this paper. The finite element model of the fin is established and the deployable hinges are represented by three torsion springs with the freeplay nonlinearity. The aerodynamic grid point is assumed to be at the center of each aerodynamic box for simplicity. The aerodynamic governing equation is given by using the infinite plate spline method and the modified linear piston theory. An improved fixed-interface modal synthesis method, which can reduce the rigid connections at the interface, is developed to save the problem size and computation time. The uniform temperature field is applied to create the thermal environment. For the linear flutter analyses, the flutter speed increases first and then decreases with the rise of the hinge stiffness due to the change of the flutter coupling mechanism. For the nonlinear analyses, a larger freeplay angle results in a higher vibration divergent speed. Two different types of limit cycle oscillations and a multiperiodic motion are observed in the wide range of airspeed under the linear flutter boundary. The linear flutter speed shows a slight descend in the thermal environment, but the effect of the temperature on the vibration divergent speed is different under different hinge stiffnesses when there exists freeplay.     

Numerical studies of static aeroelastic effects on grid fin aerodynamic performances

The grid fin is an unconventional control surface used on missiles and rockets. Although aerodynamics of grid fin has been studied by many researchers, few considers the aeroelastic effects.In this paper, the static aeroelastic simulations are performed by the coupled viscous computational fluid dynamics with structural flexibility method in transonic and supersonic regimes. The developed coupling strategy including fluid–structure interpolation and volume mesh motion schemes is based on radial basis functions. Results are presented for a vertical and a horizontal grid fin mounted on a body. Horizontal fin results show that the deformed fin is swept backward and the axial force is increased. The deformations also induce the movement of center of pressure, causing the reduction and reversal in hinge moment for the transonic flow and the supersonic flow,respectively. For the vertical fin, the local effective incidences are increased due to the deformations so that the deformed normal force is greater than the original one. At high angles of attack, both the deformed and original normal forces experience a sudden reduction due to the interference of leeward separated vortices on the fin. Additionally, the increment in axial force is shown to correlate strongly with the increment in the square of normal force.     

液晶瞬态技术测量带侧向流扰流柱通道端壁换热

采用热色液晶瞬态测量技术测量带侧向流扰流柱通道端壁全表面换热系数的分布,研究了侧流比及雷诺数对换热的影响,其中,侧流比为0.25~1.0,雷诺数为3×104~9×104。结果表明:(1)侧流比对扰流柱通道的流动形态及端壁换热有重要影响;(2)存在一个临界侧流比,在临界侧流比以下,流动形态沿主流方向呈错排流状态;在临界侧流比以上,流动形态沿侧流方向呈错排流状态;在临界侧流比附近,流动为顺排流动状态,方向在主流和侧流方向之间;(3)侧流比较小或较大时,扰流柱通道端壁换热较强;在临界侧流比附近,换热相对较弱。     

马赫数对后掠激波和湍流边界层干扰特性的影响

本文介绍了尖前缘翼诱导激波和湍流边界层干扰流场壁面特性，着重强调马赫数影响。给出２．０≤Ｍ≤８．２、ａ≤３５°分离流场中，锥型干扰区内主分离线和再附线位置与无粘激波角β０和迎角ａ的相关式，证实无粘条件是控制锥型区尺度的主要因素，面高超声速与超声速干扰流中二次分离随激波强度的不同发展，表明干扰流场的细致结构与可压缩性有关。     

鼓包对舵的气动特性影响研究

 运用自适应八叉树结构直角网格 Euler算法对舵的流场进行了模拟。与无鼓包的舵相比较,带有鼓包的舵其气动特性,尤其是阻力有所变化。给出了直角网格生成方法以及 Euler方程解法。结果显示,本算法很准确地捕捉了激波,真实地模拟了该流场。在此基础上讨论了鼓包及其位置对舵的气动特性的影响。