卷弧翼火箭弹圆锥运动收敛速度计算方法

为研究卷弧翼火箭弹圆锥运动稳定情况下的收敛速度,以章动角坐标系下描述其运动性态的微分方程组为基础,运用小偏差线性化方法和劳斯判据得到了卷弧翼火箭弹圆锥运动的渐近稳定性判别条件.在满足该条件的情况下,推导了圆锥运动收敛速度的通用计算公式,并指出圆锥运动的过渡过程是指数收敛过程和振荡收敛过程的叠加.算例表明,该计算公式所得结果与原非线性方程组所得结果吻合较好.最后,指出只适用于小锥角情况是该方法的局限性,并给出了进一步的研究方向.     

Investigation Into Cost-Effective Propulsion System Options for Small Satellites

The paper summarizes research into cost-effective propulsion system options for small satellites. Research into the primary cost drivers for propulsion systems is discussed and a process for resolving them is advanced. From this analysis, a new paradigm for understanding the total cost of propulsion systems is defined that encompasses nine dimensions – mass, volume, time, power, system price, integration, logistics, safety and technical risk. This paradigm is used to characterize all near-term propulsion technology options. From this effort, hybrid rockets emerges as a promising but underdeveloped technology with great potential for cost-effective application. A dedicated research program was completed to characterize this potential. This research demonstrated that hybrid rockets offer a safe, reliable upper stage option that is a versatile, cost-effective alternative to solid rocket motors. Finally, an innovative technique was derived to parametrically combine the diverse cost dimensions into a useful, quantifiable figure of merit for mission and research planning. Overall, it is shown that the most cost-effective solution is found by weighing all options along the nine dimensions of the cost paradigm within the context of a specific mission.     

大型无人机双发火箭助推发射技术的研究

与小型无人机单发火箭助推发射系统比较,大型无人机双发火箭助推发射系统设计中存在着一些特殊问题,如火箭助推器的匹配设计,发射装置类型设计,发射参数的选择,纵向力矩平衡问题,以及机－架系统的动载荷问题等。通过对上述问题的分析讨论,为此类无人机发射系统总体方案的确定提供了一些设计原则和选择依据。     

无人机双发固体火箭助推器同步性研究

探讨和分析了无人机采用双发固体火箭助推发射方案时存在的助推器同步性问题。并以某型无人机和火箭助推器为例,进行了火箭助推器的同步性仿真计算以及同步性对无人机发射段飞行稳定性的影响计算,分析确定了影响双发固体火箭同步性的显著因素,并就改善双发火箭同步性提出了相应的技术措施。计算结果表明,火箭助推器同步性对无人机发射段飞行轨迹及稳定性的影响在工程应用上是可行的。     

基于SolidWorks二次开发的嵌金属丝药柱燃面计算

以SolidWorks的二次开发接口为基础,用Visual Basic作为开发工具,在SolidWorks环境下通过调用内置的API函数,自动完成嵌金属丝药柱的参数化建模.程序同时通过调用API函数提取药柱实际参与的燃面面积,获得了嵌金属丝装药的燃面随肉厚的变化关系曲线,发展了一种更为简单准确的燃面计算方法,在此基础上,进行了内弹道性能的计算.计算结果跟试验结果相比表明,该计算方法准确且精度较高,跟试验结果吻合得很好,能够较好地模拟该类药型的燃烧过程,可以满足工程计算上的需要,并为同类型的复杂装药计算和设计提供了参考.      

Variational method based robust adaptive control for a guided spinning rocket

In this paper, a robust adaptive controller is designed for a guided spinning rocket, whose dynamics presents the characteristics of pitch-yaw cross coupling, fast time-varying aerodynamics parameters and wide flight envelop. First, a coupled nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom equation of motion for a guided spinning rocket is developed, and the lateral acceleration motion is modeled as a control plant with time-varying matched uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics. Then, a robust adaptive control method is proposed by combining Bregman divergence and variational method to achieve fast adaption and maintain bounded tracking. The stability of the resulting closed-loop system is proved, and the ultimate bound and convergence rate are also analyzed. Finally, numerical simulations are performed for a single operating point and the whole flight trajectory to show the robustness and adaptability of the proposed method with respect to time-varying uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics.     

提高卷弧翼火箭弹圆锥运动渐近稳定性的几个方法

定量分析了火箭弹外弹道参数、标志量和几何参数对平衡转速及临界转速的影响趋势,指出在降低火箭弹飞行速度、将火箭弹质心位置前移、保持尾翼等效面积不变的情况下,减小尾翼展长、增大其弦长及减小尾翼安装角等均有利于提高其圆锥运动的渐近稳定性。探讨了圆锥运动稳定性判别与弹道仿真一体化的分析方法,指出只需判断速度最大点的圆锥运动稳定性态即可评估整个飞行过程中的圆锥运动稳定性态;最后,说明了该分析方法的不足,并讨论了进一步研究的方向。     

采用多级主火箭的RBCC发动机性能分析(英文)

采用三维两相数值模拟技术研究火箭基组合推进(RBCC)发动机的燃烧。提出了一种新的主火箭布置方式,该方式采用多级主火箭,一级嵌入到支板之中,另一级置于燃烧室中部上壁面。研究表明,相对于常规的主火箭布局,多级主火箭布局能明显提升发动机性能。置于支板的一级火箭以恰当比工作,起到引射和改善进气道工作特性的作用;二级火箭以富燃状态工作,起到火焰稳定和促进燃烧的作用。多级火箭喷射方案是DAB和SMC模式的综合,可作为火箭引射模态改善二次燃烧一种新的方式。     

Oscillatory thermocapillary flows in simulated floating-zones with time-dependent temperature boundary conditions

This study deals with numerical simulations of the Maxus sounding rocket experiment on oscillatory Marangoni convection in liquid bridges. The problem is investigated through direct numerical solution of the non-linear, time-dependent, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. In particular, a liquid bridge of silicon oil 2[cs] with a length L = 20 [mm] and a diameter D = 20 (mm) is considered. A temperature difference ΔT = 30 [K] is imposed between the supporting disks, by heating the top disk and cooling the bottom one with different rates of ramping. The results show that the oscillatory flow starts as an ‘axially running wave’, but after a transient time the instability is described by the dynamic model of a ‘standing wave’, with an azimuthal spatial distribution corresponding to m = 1 (where m is the critical wave number). After the transition, the disturbances become larger and the azimuthal velocity plays a more important role and the oscillatory field is characterized by a travelling wave. The characteristic times for the onset of the different flow regimes are computed for different rates of ramping.     

常规运载火箭解决落区安全问题的方法

常规运载火箭在内陆发射场发射,落区在国内。火箭子级返回过程中存在空中解体或触地爆炸的可能性,落区安全性问题比较突出。常规运载火箭短时间内无法实现重复使用的目标,为解决落区安全性问题,在火箭不需做较大改进的情况下,采用将推进剂空中排放或者发动机空中再次点火将剩余推进剂燃尽措施,降低火箭子级落地速度并解决子级触地爆炸的问题;同时采用栅格舵控制子级落点,将落区范围缩小,提高常规运载火箭发射落区安全性。