阻拦索断裂对螺旋桨舰载机着舰安全影响数值分析

喷气动力舰载机着舰拦阻滑跑,如阻拦索断裂,其逃逸复飞的概率极小。螺旋桨动力舰载机零升阻力大,推重比小,其安全复飞的能力值得研究。本文基于建立的螺旋桨舰载机逃逸复飞仿真模型（含阻拦索工作模型、发动机动力响应模型、升降舵操纵模型与气动力的动力影响修正模型）,数值模拟了E-2C舰载预警机着舰阻拦索断裂情况下,其逃逸复飞的过程。仿真计算显示对象飞机在不同气动力、离舰速度与舵面操纵逻辑状态下,其纵向动力学方程中敏感参数与航迹下沉量的动态变化,结合视频数据分析其复飞成功的原因。研究表明：动力对螺旋桨舰载机俯仰力矩与升力特性的影响是其逃逸复飞成功的关键。动力影响使对象飞机的俯仰力矩曲线上移0.15,8°迎角下纵向静稳定性减小85%,升力线斜率增大29.7%、最大升力系数增大39%。这显著改善了螺旋桨飞机逃逸复飞状态下俯仰操纵的敏捷性,升降舵操纵效率与失速特性。动力影响使螺旋桨舰载机可在较小的加速度、离舰速度与有限的留空时间情况下,迅速改变其航迹角,减小航迹下沉量,保证逃逸复飞安全。     

表贴式串联磁路双定子永磁无刷电机转子轭部主磁通研究与优化

双定子永磁无刷(DS-PMBL)电机因其转子轭部主磁通变化易受各类参数影响而具有较高的研究价值。表贴式串联磁路DS-PMBL电机转子轭部主磁通具体由径向和周向磁通组成,归纳分析了两类磁通的成因及特点,并采用改变极弧系数和增设减重孔的方式对原模型进行优化。最终优化后模型的性能通过了有限元软件仿真验证。     

机翼结构重量预测的多学科分析优化方法

为了克服现有机翼结构重量计算方法的局限性,提出一种基于多学科分析优化的机翼结构重量计算方法。以客机机翼为例,阐述整个计算流程。计算流程的关键步骤包括机翼外形和结构参数化建模、气动分析模型自动生成与外形优化、结构有限元模型的自动生成和结构优化。应用CAD软件CATIA的二次开发方法,实现机翼外形几何模型、结构布置几何模型和气动分析模型的自动生成;应用MSC.Patran的PCL编程技术,实现结构有限元模型的自动生成;应用等效刚度和等效强度方法,提高结构有限元模型自动生成的稳健性,缩短结构分析和优化的计算时间;应用多学科集成和优化技术,建立机翼结构重量预测的计算平台,实现整个计算过程的自动化。算例表明这种方法稳健、有效,可快速地分析机翼外形参数与结构重量之间的关系,分析不同展向载荷分布和不同选材方案对机翼结构重量的影响。     

编队歼击机超视距截击效能评估

应用兰彻斯特理论研究了编队歼击机超视距截击的效能评估问题.对照兰彻斯特理论假设条件与超视距截击背景,使用第二线性律与平方律分别描述了截击空战的探测阶段与射击阶段.以最大损失交换比为原则,将火力分配引入到评估模型中.利用机载雷达的探测概率与空空导弹的击毁概率,分别建立了每架飞机探测效能与射击效能的动态模型.算例表明,突击方护航歼击机的价值系数显著影响拦截方的火力分配,拦截方选择先攻击护航歼击机再攻击歼击轰炸机的战术,采取电子对抗措施,提高飞机生存力均可提高截击效能,该模型计算简便、合理有效.     

The effects of CO2 on growth and transpiration of radish (Raphanus sativus) in hypobaria

Plants grown on long-term space missions will likely be grown in low pressure environments (i.e., hypobaria). However, in hypobaria the transpiration rates of plants can increase and may result in wilting if the water is not readily replaced. It is possible to reduce transpiration by increasing the partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂), but the effects of pCO₂ at high levels (>120 Pa) on the growth and transpiration of plants in hypobaria are not known. Therefore, the effects of pCO₂ on the growth and transpiration of radish (Raphanus sativus var. Cherry Bomb II) in hypobaria were studied. The fresh weight (FW), leaf area, dry weight (DW), CO₂ assimilation rates (C_A), dark respiration rates (DR), and transpiration rates from 26 day-old radish plants that were grown for an additional seven days at different total pressures (33, 66 or 101 kPa) and pCO₂ (40 Pa, 100 Pa and 180 Pa) were measured. In general, the dry weight of plants increased with CO₂ enrichment and with lower total pressure. In limiting pCO₂ (40 Pa) conditions, the transpiration for plants grown at 33 kPa was approximately twice that of controls (101 kPa total pressure with 40 Pa pCO₂). Increasing the pCO₂ from 40 Pa to 180 Pa reduced the transpiration rates for plants grown in hypobaria and in standard atmospheric pressures. However, for plants grown in hypobaria and high pCO₂ (180 Pa) leaf damage was evident. Radish growth can be enhanced and transpiration reduced in hypobaria by enriching the gas phase with CO₂ although at high levels leaf damage may occur.     

民用发动机状态混沌预测算法

首先应用Haar小波和DB16小波对航空发动机排气温度的原始数据序列进行去噪处理,并且证明了处理后的数据序列具有混沌特征.其次应用混沌理论建立发动机状态预测算法,实现对排气温度的预测.通过检验排气温度预测值是否超过所规定的红线,以及该曲线是否平稳,从而进行发动机的健康状态排查.作为验证实例,使用一组某机型发动机实际飞行...     

基于模糊距离变换的骨架剪枝算法

针对传统骨架提取算法结果无法保证骨架单像素性,并且伴有毛刺产生的现象,提出了一种能够有效去除骨架中毛刺分枝,充分体现物体形态特征的骨架剪枝算法。该算法以模糊距离变换为理论基础,在物体粗骨架图像中计算每条尾枝的模糊距离变换值,使用根据骨架特点确定的动态阈值判断骨架分枝是否被去除,并利用分级剪枝方法实现骨架剪枝操作。实验结果表明,该算法在进行剪枝操作中可有效地保证骨架的准确性和连续性。     

飞机除冰资源申请过程航空公司的博弈研究

以博弈论方法为分析工具,分析飞机除冰资源申请过程航空公司的博弈行为及其经济绩效。以航空公司合作组织中各博弈方的资源转让策略为研究对象,引入了合作博弈思想和违约惩罚机制,讨论航空公司合作组织的最优稳定策略,设计了基于Agent效用的成员协商算法;最后,运用协商算法结合Shapley值解分析的方法对除冰费用分摊的的合理性进行仿真,结果对比显示,此方法实现了分配的公平和有效。     

组合压气机旋转失速特征的小波分析

采用高频响动态压力探针测量了小流量轴流/离心组合压气机的旋转失速和喘振,并采用基于Morlet小波时频分析和小波系数奇异分解的方法分析了压气机失速信号.研究结果表明:稳定工况下,频率分量较多、幅值较小.失速工况下,特征频率能量较大、且成倍频关系.在该组合压气机的失稳过程中,并没有引起大幅度的压力脉动.压气机光滑地从失速前出现的模态波过渡到完全失速.周向存在2个失速团,失速团传播速度约为44.8%~45.9%转速.      

Influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the optimization of aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change

The spaceplane is perspective vehicle due to wide maneuverability in comparison with a space capsule. Its maneuverability is expressed by the larger flight range and also by a possibility to rotate orbital inclination in the atmosphere by the aerodynamic and thrust forces. Orbital plane atmospheric rotation maneuvers can significantly reduce fuel costs compared to rocket-dynamic non-coplanar maneuver. However, this maneuver occurs at Mach numbers about 25, and such velocities lead to non-equilibrium chemical reactions in the shock wave. Such reactions change a physicochemical air property, and it affects aerodynamic coefficients. This paper investigates the influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change. The approach is to solve an optimization problem using the differential evolution algorithm with a temperature limitation. The spaceplane aerodynamic coefficients are determined by the numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The aerodynamic calculations are conducted for the cases of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. A comparison of optimal trajectories, control laws, and fuel costs is made between models of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. The effect of a chemically reacting gas on the finite parameters is also evaluated using control laws obtained for a perfect gas.