旋翼涡环状态气动特性和参数变化的风洞试验

为了研究旋翼下降和涡环状态的流场及气动特性,在中国空气动力研究与发展中心Φ5m立式风洞中,完成了BO-105直升机桨尖马赫数相似旋翼模型的流场和测力试验。试验获得了旋翼悬停和垂直下降状态桨盘附近的流场,同时测量得到了模型旋翼拉力、扭矩等参数的变化。试验结果表明:高速粒子图像测速法(PIV)相机成功捕捉到了下降率增大时旋翼涡量向桨盘附近聚集的过程。垂直下降率在0.9左右时旋翼拉力和扭矩最小,分别只有对应总距角悬停状态拉力的60%和80%左右。在深度涡环状态,旋翼周围存在大尺度涡结构周期性形成和破碎现象,这种现象是旋翼拉力和扭矩剧烈波动的原因。斜下降相对垂直下降而言,旋翼的拉力和扭矩损失都较小。抛物线桨尖外形与常规的矩形桨尖外形相比,垂直下降气动特性并无显著区别。      

Assembly Variation Identification of High Pressure Spool by Response Surface Based Model Updating Using IV-optimal Designs

This article, in order to improve the assembly of the high-pressure spool, presents an assembly variation identification method achieved by response surface method (RSM)-based model updating using IV-optimal designs. The method involves screening out non-relevant assembly parameters using IV-optimal designs and the preload of the joints is chosen as the input features and modal frequency is the only response feature. Emphasis is placed on the construction of response surface models including the interactions between the bolted joints by which the non-linear relationship between the assembly variation caused by the changes of preload and the output frequency variation is established. By achieving an optimal process of selected variables in the model, assembly variation can be identified. With a case study of the laboratory bolted disks as an example, the proposed method is verified and it gives enough accuracy in variation identification. It has been observed that the first-order response surface models considering the interactions between the bolted joints based on the IV-optimal criterion are adequate for assembly purposes.     

基于分数阶滑模的挠性航天器姿态鲁棒跟踪控制

针对挠性航天器姿态跟踪控制问题,提出一种新型的具有强鲁棒性的分数阶滑模控制器.利用分数阶微分算子的快速收敛性与信息记忆性,在滑模面与控制输入中均引入分数阶微分算子,使新型控制器具有分数阶微分与滑模控制的双重优点,从而使姿态跟踪控制系统具有更好的快速性、强鲁棒性和良好的抗干扰性.进一步使用Lyapunov理论与分数阶稳定性理论证明了整个系统的稳定性,分析了分数阶滑模面的优点.数值仿真验证了分数阶滑模控制器的有效性与良好的控制性能.     

Using a pressure controlled vortex design method to control secondary flow losses in a turbine stage

A turbine design method based on pressure controlled vortex design （PCVD） is presented to design a small-size turbine stage. Contrary to the conventional controlled vortex design （CVD） method, the main objective of PCVD is to control the axial velocity and radial pressure in the sta- tor rotor gap. Through controlling axial velocity, the PCVD establishes a direct tie to meridional stream surface. Thus stream surface variation is induced, resulting in a large secondary flow vortex covering the full blade passage in the respective stator and rotor. This secondary flow vortex could be dedicated to control the secondary flow mitigation and migration. Through radial pressure, the PCVD is also associated with the macroscopic driving force of fluid motion. So the better benefit of CVD can be achieved. The core concept behind PCVD is to mainly control the spanwise pressure gradient by altering profile loading at various spanwise locations. Therefore not only the local pro- file lift is affected, but also the resulting throat widths, stage reaction degree, and massflow rate are altered or redistributed respectively. With the PCVD method, the global stage efficiency is increased successfully while the mass flow rate keeps constant. Additionally there is no endwall shape optimization, stacking optimization, or pitch/chord variations, concentrating solely on varying blade profile deflections and stagger.     

基于偏差模型的导弹发射动力学仿真

基于偏差模型的导弹发射动力学仿真是根据偏差来源建立相应的偏差模型,将偏差力、力矩与标准状态下的受力叠加得到导弹实际受力,再进行运动状态的求解.这种基于偏差模型的仿真系统既能够单独分析各项干扰因素对发射精度的影响,还能够综合多项干扰进行数值打靶模拟分析.针对某舰载倾斜发射导弹,仿真分析了发射臂振动、推力偏心、导轨不平、舰船运动等干扰因素对初始扰动的影响,并进行了5 000次数值打靶统计分析.在给定的干扰概率分布条件下,命中概率达到93.86%.     

基于时频域增强和全变差的群目标信号分离

针对低分辨雷达获取的群目标信号的弱时频正交性以及难以分离的问题,在进行时频域增强处理的基础上,提出了一种基于全变差(TV)的群目标信号分离方法。在旋转目标模型的基础上,首先通过分析群目标信号的稀疏性,指出了进行时频域增强处理的必要性。然后利用群目标中各子目标对应的微动周期的差异性,通过双向延迟处理,对多次观测得到的群目标信号进行时频域增强处理。最后根据群目标信号能量区域的分布特性,利用局部TV融合和主分量分析相结合的方法,实现了群目标信号的高保真分离。仿真结果表明,在采样率较低的情况下,文中方法有效地解决了群目标信号中弱信号分量的分离及提取问题,其融合分辨效果明显优于基于TV范数的融合方法。      

带时间参数的面向agent的程序语言AOPLID

对面向ａｇｅｎｔ的程序设计语言ＡＯＰＬＩＤ进行时态扩充,使之能表达并处理带时间参数的并发行动。对经典情境演算进行适当改造,使之能描述含时间变元的行动,因为持续行动一般可认为是具有瞬时开始行动和瞬时终止行动的过程,因此可以将一个持续动作分解为两个时间上互不相交的瞬时动作,再引入一个新的关系流刻画这两个瞬时动作的执行情况,从而可在扩充后的情境演算中表达带时间参数的并发行动;对已有的ＡＯＰＬＩＤ离线解释器进行了适当改造与扩充,使之能执行带时间变元的ＡＯＰＬＩＤ程序;通过实例说明了该方法以及扩充后的一些语言特色。     

内圈沟道损伤直径对滚动轴承振动性能的测度

采用中位数估计和Huber M估计相融合方法对未知分布的时间序列数据进行稳健处理,得到时间序列稳健数据,进一步得到时间序列数据的本征区间、变异率、中位数和平均值,组成时间序列数据的测度.该方法对不同沟道损伤直径条件下滚动轴承振动数据进行研究,结果发现:滚动轴承振动数据的变异率、中位数及平均值的变化趋势一致,与轴承的实际...     

Rapid ionospheric variations at high latitudes: Focusing on Greenland

The Helheim glacier, located in southeast Greenland, has more than ten campaign-type Global Positioning System (GPS) sites; data processing led to the observation of a very rapid change in the ionospheric delay. To identify the cause of these sporadic disturbances, we analyzed the slant total electron content (STEC), single-differenced STEC (SD-STEC) and scintillation proxy index called the delta phase rate (DPR). From this analysis, the abrupt change of those ionospheric indicators was attributed to the line-of-sight direction to the satellite and the temporal sequence of the event was found to be highly correlated with the geometry of the GPS sites. In addition, the disturbance based on the result of SD-STEC occurred mostly during the night, from 17 UTC through 7 UTC, and across a band spanning the east-west direction. Based on the DPR indices obtained from GPS stations distributed across all of Greenland, Iceland, and northeastern Canada, the rapid ionospheric variation was found to be correlated with the time of the day and the geomagnetic latitude of the station. The disturbance was larger at the relatively low geomagnetic latitudes at night but was more significant at higher latitudes in the daytime. These rapid ionospheric variations tended to appear in band shapes parallel to the geomagnetic field. These results allow us to attribute such disturbance observed at the Helheim glacier to aurora-related phenomena.     

Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes recorded by VLF receiver at Tashkent IHY station

Tashkent International Heliophysical Year (IHY) station is a member of Atmospheric Weather Electromagnetic System for Observation, Modeling and Education (AWESOME) network being operated globally to study the ionosphere and the magnetosphere with the help of electromagnetic waves in Very Low Frequency (VLF) band. Regular monitoring of the D- and F-layers of ionosphere over Central Asia territory is being performed on the permanent basis starting year 2008. We have studied VLF amplitude anomalies related to the EQs occurred in 2008–2009 years with magnitude more than 5 on the path way from the VLF transmitters to the Tashkent station assuming that propagation of VLF ground-based transmitters signals can be perturbed by EQ preparation detectable from the ground-based measurements in the VLF bands. For analyzing narrowband data we have used the nighttime fluctuation (NF) method paying attention to the data obtained during the local nighttime (20:00 LT–04:00 LT) in Tashkent where the VLF receiver is operating. The mean nighttime amplitude (or trend) and nighttime fluctuation are found to increase significantly before the EQ occurred on the path way from the transmitters to the receiver. The obtained results have revealed an agreement with VLF amplitude anomalies observed in Tashkent VLF station during the strong EQs occurred on the path way from the transmitters to the receiver. Some results are presented to show the probing potentiality of VLF waves to predict short term EQs with high magnitude.