Contribution of geometry of interaction between interplanetary and terrestrial magnetic fields into global magnetospheric state and geomagnetic activity

The paper presents results of our study of dependence of geomagnetic activity from geoeffective parameters taking into account mutual orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, electric field of the solar wind and geomagnetic moment. We attract a reconnection model elaborated by us made allowance for changes of geometry of the solar wind–magnetosphere interaction during annual and diurnal motions of the Earth. We take as our data base the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind velocity measured at 1 a.u. at ecliptic plane for the period of 1963–2005 and K_p, D_st, a_m indices. Taken as a whole a geoeffective parameter suggested by us explains 95% of observed variations of the indices. Changes of the geometric factor determined by mutual orientation of the solar wind electric field and geomagnetic moment explain larger than 75% of observed statistical variations of D_st and a_m indices. Based on our results we suggest a new explanation of semi-annual and UT variation of geomagnetic activity.     

基于夹具主动定位补偿的飞机柔性件装配偏差优化方法

柔性零件广泛用于航空、汽车等产品中,在柔性件的装配过程中,装配尺寸质量受零件制造、夹具和连接过程中多种偏差源的耦合影响,分析和控制难度大。提出了一种基于夹具主动定位补偿的装配偏差优化方法。首先,基于柔性件装配的受力变形分析,建立了考虑夹具法向定位误差的装配偏差模型。然后,根据上述模型,以夹具法向定位补偿量为优化变量,提出了夹具法向补偿量的优化模型和求解算法。以金属薄板装配和飞机壁板件装配为例,分别利用实验及有限元仿真分析了有无夹具主动定位补偿下的装配偏差。结果表明,夹具法向定位补偿对于减小柔性件的装配偏差具有显著效果,从而验证该优化算法的有效性和准确性。     

最大标准差和最大变异系数方法

 提出最大标准差方法和最大变异系数方法,能充分利用以往数据和经验提供的信息,大大减少了试件个数。与国际上常用的单侧容限系数法相比,可节省大量试件;而在试件个数相同的情况下,则可得到更接近母体百分位值的置信下限(如安全寿命或安全疲劳极限等)。     

一座柔壁低湍流度风洞收缩段设计及主要工作特性

本文介绍了一座“柔壁低湍流度风洞”收缩段气动设计中的几个关键问題:合理选用较大的收缩比,恰当选定变湍流度网格位置和采用五次方壁型曲线。试验结果表明,这座雷诺数较大的、具有柔壁功能的低(变)湍流度风洞有优良的流场品质,尤其是湍流度可低达0.01%～0.02%,并具有大范围的变湍流度能力。     

Evidence of change after 2001 in the seasonal behaviour of the mesopause region from airglow data at El Leoncito

Airglow intensities and rotational temperatures of the OH(6-2) and O₂b(0-1) bands acquired at El Leoncito (32°S, 69°W) provide good annual coverage in 1998–2002, 2006, and 2007, with between 192 and 311 nights of observation per year. These data can therefore be used to derive the seasonal variations during each of these seven years, in airglow brightness and temperatures at altitudes of 87 and 95 km. From 1998 to 2001, seasonal variations are similar enough so that they can be well represented by a mean climatology, for each parameter. On the other hand, these climatologies do not agree with what is usually observed at other sites, maybe due to the particular orographic conditions at El Leoncito. With respect to the last three fully documented years (2002, 2006, and 2007), the similarity from year to year deteriorates, and there are greater differences in the seasonal behaviour, more or less in all the parameters. The differences include, e.g., maxima occurring earlier or later than “normal”, by one or two months. All this may suggest the build-up of a new regime of intraseasonal variability, with a possible relationship to corresponding changes in wave activity.     

太阳光谱线轮廓在日面上的变化和宁静太阳大气模型

本文利用在美国基特峰国家天文台观测得到的氢和电离钙多条谱线轮廓,以及PANDORA大气模型计算程序,对宁静太阳VAL-C'大气模型进行了诊断。文中首先讨论了模型大气中不同层次的辐射特性,着重指出H巴尔末谱线同Call共振线和红外线的源函数具有与温度不同的耦合关系。其次,通过计算得到了各条谱线在日面不同点的出射轮廓,并将其同观测轮廓相比较,存在的系统差别有:(1)Hβ和λ8498红外线线心的剩余强度较观测值高,而CaIIH和K线线翼的剩余强度则明显比观测值低;(2)Hβ及caII各条谱线在△λ=0.5Å处的剩余强度值的临边增大系数较观测值大。除上所述及某些观测误差以外,计算值同观测值符合得较好。最后,文章分析了导致计算和观测不符的可能原因,并进而提出了对VAL-C'模型改进的意见。     

2.4m跨声速风洞Re数模拟能力及其应用

Re数对飞行器气动特性的影响十分复杂,基于风洞试验的Re数效应预测很大程度上依赖于风洞的变Re数试验能力.综述了2.4m跨声速风洞的Re数模拟能力,并给出了某型无人机和某型战斗机在2.4m风洞的变Re数试验结果以及战斗机大迎角气动特性的Re数效应试验结果,表明了2.4m风洞的Re数模拟能力能够较好地预测Re数对飞行器气动特性的影响趋势,大迎角试验时,基于机头端部直径的试验Re数能达到超临界范围.     

用Hamilton方法研究地球自转的长期减慢

本文用Hamilton方法研究了弹性地球在日月引潮力势作用下产生形变后对地球自转速率的影响，考虑了潮汐形变的相位延迟，选择地球模型PREM参数进行了计算，理论上求得地球自转长期减慢值为-5．711×10(-22)rad／s2，与观测结果符合很好．结果表明，对地球自转长期减慢起主要影响是扇谐潮，由月亮引潮力势产生的影响远比太阳重要．     

变量多重相关性对主成分分析的危害

证实了主成分分析完全无法消除变量系统的多重相关性和重叠信息不良影响，指出变量多重相关性无论从方向上还是从数量上都会扭曲主成分分析的客观结论，由此得知，在进行主成分分析之前，对变量系统的选择必须是极其慎重的。     

非线性解耦中的参数扰动

本文讨论了非线性系统参数扰动对输入输出解耦的影响。通过对一类参数扰动进行刻画,得到了这类参数扰动下,静态反馈闭环系统仍保持无交互控制,且输出不受影响的充要条件,然后讨论了系统同时存在输入扰动时干扰解耦问题可解的条件。