Aerodynamic configuration integration design of hypersonic cruise aircraft with inward-turning inlets

In this work,a novel airframe/propulsion integration design method of the wing-body configuration for hypersonic cruise aircraft is proposed,where the configuration is integrated with inward-turning inlets.With the help of this method,the major design concern of balancing the aerodynamic performance against the requirements for efficient propulsion can be well addressed.A novel geometric parametrically modelling method based on a combination of patched class and shape transition (CST) and COONs surface is proposed to represent the configuration,especially a complex configuration with an irregular inlet lip shape.The modelling method enlarges the design space of components on the premise of guaranteeing the configuration integrity via special constraints imposed on the interface across adjacent surfaces.A basic flow inside a cone shaped by a dual-inflection-point generatrix is optimized to generate the inward-turning inlet with improvements of both compression efficiency and flow uniformity.The performance improvement mechanism of this basic flow is the compression velocity variation induced by the variation of the generatrix slope along the flow path.At the design point,numerical simulation results show that the lift-to-drag ratio of the configuration is as high as 5.2 and the inlet works well with a high level of compression efficiency and flow uniformity.The design result also has a good performance on off-design conditions.The achievement of all the design targets turns out that the integration design method proposed in this paper is efficient and practical.     

Alleviation of spike stall in axial compressors utilizing grooved casing treatment

This article deals with application of grooved type casing treatment for suppression of spike stall in an isolated axial compressor rotor blade row. The continuous grooved casing treatment covering the whole compressor circumference is of 1.8 mm in depth and located between90% and 108% chord of the blade tip as measured from leading edge. The method of investigation is based on time-accurate three-dimensional full annulus numerical simulations for cases with and without casing treatment. Discretization of the Navier–Stokes equations has been carried out based on an upwind second-order scheme and k-w-SST(Shear Stress Transport) turbulence modeling has been used for estimation of eddy viscosity. Time-dependent flow structure results for the smooth casing reveal that there are two criteria for spike stall inception known as leading edge spillage and trailing edge backflow, which occur at specific mass flow rates in near-stall conditions. In this case, two dominant stall cells of different sizes could be observed. The larger one is caused by the spike stall covering roughly two blade passages in the circumferential direction and about 25% span in the radial direction. Spike stall disturbances are accompanied by lower frequencies and higher amplitudes of the pressure signals. Casing treatment causes flow blockages to reduce due to alleviation of backflow regions, which in turn reduces the total pressure loss and increases the axial velocity in the blade tip gap region, as well as tip leakage flow fluctuation at higher frequencies and lower amplitudes. Eventually, it can be concluded that the casing treatment of the stepped tip gap type could increase the stall margin of the compressor. This fact is basically due to retarding the movement of the interface region between incoming and tip leakage flows towards the rotor leading edge plane and suppressing the reversed flow around the blade trailing edge.     

双阀座电磁阀的负载特性仿真分析

通过有限元仿真软件Ansoft建立电磁阀的物理模型,计算电磁场中各变量之间的相互关系,将分析结果导入液压仿真软件AMESim的系统模型中,实现磁路结构、液路系统及机械传动之间的耦合,对双阀座电磁阀的响应时间、质量流量等负载特性进行更精确的仿真和分析.     

低温气动阀动态响应特性的非线性分析方法

为了在液体火箭发动机试验过程中缩短低温气动阀的响应时间,减少非线性求解阀门动态响应的计算量,提升试验过程中的安全性与可靠性,根据低温气动阀的工作原理,构建阀门的动态响应非线性传递模型,并在此基础上,通过引入变步长系数与定义遗忘因子,在四阶龙格-库塔法基础上,构建了一种动态递推龙格-库塔法的非线性动力学求解方法,并提出响应速度的改进方案.最后通过实例的验证与仿真,为提升低温气动阀响应速度提供了一种方法指导,为提高液体火箭发动机试验技术提供了支持.     

活门盘氟塑料热压工艺研究

针对活门盘的结构特点和密封要求,全面分析了活门盘的密封机理,得出活门盘密封比压应大于活门所需密封比压,给出了计算公式,并进行了活门盘热压工艺研究。采用该工艺压制的活门盘密封比压满足理论要求,产品通过了试验验证,满足设计要求,并通过了飞行试验考核。     

基于旋转阀的脉冲爆震火箭发动机实验

针对现有条件下电磁阀高频与大流量不可兼得的矛盾,设计了一种凸轮式旋转阀,以此来控制脉冲爆震火箭发动机氧化剂、燃料和隔离气体的间歇式供给.基于该旋转阀,以汽油和富氧空气为推进剂,进行了不同频率下的实验.实验结果表明,推进剂和隔离气供给压力与点火相位直接影响到能否稳定起爆.随着频率的增加,在1～ 10 Hz范围内,降低隔离氮气压力、调整点火相位可实现发动机的稳定工作;10Hz以上时,仅需要提高油气的供给压力.基于该旋转阀控制技术,脉冲爆震火箭发动机实现了工作频率30 Hz的稳定工作.     

基于双吸叶轮两侧非均衡进气研究轮盘凸台尺寸影响

为明确双吸叶轮两侧叶轮之间的径向轮盘凸台尺寸变化对其总体性能及内部流场的影响,探索不同尺寸轮盘结构叶轮的流动损失机理,基于双吸叶轮两侧非均衡进气条件,采用数值方法对五种径向轮盘尺寸双吸叶轮的三维粘性流场进行了模拟研究。研究结果表明:从双吸叶轮最优性能及最高流动稳定性观点出发,均要求两侧叶轮之间的径向轮盘凸台超出叶片尾缘一定范围;具体超出尺寸范围则需要通过对双吸叶轮的压比、效率性能目标进行折衷确定。径向轮盘凸台尺寸的改变明显影响双吸叶轮两侧叶轮的流量分配,进而影响扩压器内分离流动损失大小及双吸叶轮的整体性能。另外,相比于较大径向轮盘凸台,无径向轮盘凸台结构更容易造成双吸叶轮两侧叶轮流量差距悬殊。      

TBCC用轴对称进气道流量控制技术研究

为了满足组合动力进气道在宽马赫数范围内良好工作,开展了组合动力轴对称进气道设计,提出了多种轴对称进气道变几何方案以实现进气道/发动机流量匹配。理论分析及数值模拟研究了各变几何机制的可行性,对比分析各方案优劣。结果表明:外压段溢流、内压段溢流及扩压段溢流均能实现进气道/发动机流量匹配;外压段溢流变几何机制较复杂,其中改变唇罩角度和移动部分中心锥时进气道总压恢复系数较高,且移动部分中心锥时进气道压差阻力较小;内压段溢流各方案变几何机制相对简单,但溢流区域较大,斜激波易导致中心锥表面流动分离。其中采用外罩设置放气孔的形式时,进气道总压恢复系数较高,压差阻力较小;扩压段溢流方案实现简单,溢流区域小,进气道性能较好。      

B737NG飞机反推系统故障分析

根据波音的相关技术文件,B737NG反推系统的部件有些本身带有设计缺陷或可靠性较低,导致反推系统故障较多。对反推系统的工作原理、常见故障及处理方法进行总结,使排故人员和故障管控工程师对该系统有深入的了解,方便大家开阔思路,减少排故的时间,提高排故效率。     

热激励在超声速进气道内对激波诱导的边界层分离的控制机理

通过数值模拟的方法研究了马赫5的超声速进气道内,热激励对激波/边界层相互作用的控制机理。研究了热激励器放热功率(E)、热激励器展向放置数目(N)和热激励器到控制激波的距离(S)三个参数在超声速进气道内激波控制和边界层分离改善中的表现。分别针对以下四种条件进行了数值模拟:1)E=2k W、N=2、S=0.02m;2)E=3k W、N=2、S=0.02m;3)E=2k W、N=3、S=0.02m;4)E=2k W、N=2、S=0m。分析发现:在以上四种条件下,均可观察到热激励在控制激波和改善激波诱导边界层分离上有着显著的效果。热激励器的放热功率对激波的控制效果有着明显的影响,在本文所考虑的热激励能量范围内,放热功率越大,原激波角的改变越大,最终分离区的改变越明显;展向放置的热激励器数目N影响着输入到流场的能量密度,并且N越大,壁面附近的激波面越趋于平面。尽管N对上壁面沿展向的压力分布无明显影响,但对上壁面分离区大小有明显的影响;对比条件1和4下的计算结果,发现S=0.02m可以得到很好的控制效果,而S=0m时流场结构几乎没有变化,这就表明热激励器必须放置在控制激波上游的一定距离处才会有预期的效果。