A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.     

西安某粘接材料厂室内供暖、热水系统的设计

基于厂方对供热系统的要求,根据供热建筑物、机房和可利用设施的实际情况,采用一台换热器,通过阀门的切换,实现了供暖和供热水的分段运行。将蒸汽发生器的进水与系统补水有机地整合为一个系统,有效地解决了机房面积过小的实际困难。利用自来水的压力和热水箱与浴室的高差解决了热水供应的实际问题。     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

进气畸变模拟网的设计与试验验证

介绍在涡喷发动机地面试车台上利用金属丝网模拟进气道畸变流场的技术基础、设计方法及三个实例的验证试验结果,表明应用本设计方法制作的三种畸变模拟网均达到了较高的模拟精度,可以满足进气道／发动机相容性评定的工程使用要求。     

可调几何腹部进气道设计研究与思考

通过对ＥＦ２０００、Ｆ－１６Ｅ两个型号不同风格可调几何腹部进气道设计的分析,着重总结了Ｆ－１６多用途战斗机保形ⅢＢ进气道的成功设计经验,发现其调板过程中喉道位置的较大前移,加大了末激波的向前动程,是大马赫数下进气道工作不稳定性增大的主因。     

Improvement of forebody/inlet integration for hypersonic vehicle

Results of a numerical (CFD) study of the influence of the forebody shape on local flow parameters at a bottom-mounted inlet entrance are presented. The free-stream Mach number is assumed to be 3.5–7.0. Some recommendations on forebody shape optimization are provided. Main characteristics of the air inlet are evaluated.     

无隔道超声速进气道附面层排除特性飞行试验研究

为了分析评估某型歼击机无隔道进气道附面层的排除特性,设计搭建鼓包表面附面层压力梯度测量试验系统,进行了不同飞行高度、马赫数和姿态角等工况下的飞行试验。通过对飞行试验数据的整理、计算和对比分析同型号的缩比模型风洞试验结果,研究了无隔道进气道鼓包表面附面层排除特性。研究结果表明：稳定平飞时,在亚音速范围内,随着飞行高度的增加,鼓包构型对附面层的排除效果增大,而在超音速范围内,变化规律相反;在接近马赫数1.8及以上飞行工况下,鼓包表面附面层的扫除能力有所减弱,附面层气流分离加速,进而会造成较大的进气压力损失和畸变。单纯迎角飞行有利于增强附面层的排除能力;而带侧滑角飞行时,附面层压力系数曲线的拐点沿鼓包中心线平行向“背风面”偏移,偏移量与侧滑角成正比,进气道鼓包表面“迎风面”附面层排除能力增大,而“背风面”受气流分离影响而减弱。     

大涡模拟进口合成湍流方法

进口瞬时湍流脉动条件直接影响大涡模拟的精度。对比研究了更适合工程应用的合成涡和合成谱方法,并通过考虑进口速度时间相关和随机数的概率密度分布,对合成谱方法进行改进。对零压力梯度平板湍流模拟结果的对比表明:不同湍流合成方法得到的合成湍流均存在发展为真实湍流的过渡过程;考虑进口湍流脉动的时间相关有助于合成湍流更快地发展为真实湍流,需要的流向距离更短;合成谱方法采用正态分布系数优于均匀分布,改进的合成谱方法优于常规合成谱方法。     

进口导叶形式对核心机驱动风扇级的影响

以某变循环发动机(VCE)所用核心机驱动风扇级(CDFS)为研究模型,数值模拟了CDFS在真实边界环境下的流动特性,分析了单/双涵道工作模式下,不同形式的可调进口导叶(IGV)对CDFS流动特性及性能的影响机理。结果表明:不同工作模式时,CDFS靠导叶角度的开闭实现大范围的流量调节。单涵道(SB)工作模式时,不同形式的可调进口导叶(VIGV)对CDFS性能的影响差异很小;双涵道(DB)工作模式时采用常规可调导叶(CIGV)会在其吸力面产生较大的流场分离,且流通能力和流量调节范围大大降低。可变弯度导叶通过可转动部分的开闭实现CDFS对流量调节的需求;通过固定部分保证CDFS导叶进口气流攻角基本不变,同时在固定部分和可转动部分连接处所形成的收缩通道的加速效应显著抑制了导叶吸力面的流动分离。可变弯度导叶是适用于CDFS在不同工作模式下性能参数及流量调节需求的可调导叶的形式。