铝-铝超高速碰撞闪光现象的初步实验测量

 为了研究不同碰撞参数条件下超高速碰撞闪光的特点及闪光温度的变化规律,构建了高温计及附属实验测量系统平台,利用该平台进行了超高速碰撞闪光的初步测量。根据Planck辐射的基本理论,对每次实验的碰撞闪光强度进行了4种波长的采集并对温度进行了拟合计算,得到了碰撞闪光温度历史。实验结果表明：对于弹丸、靶板材料均为LY12铝而言,碰撞角度（与靶板平面夹角）相同、碰撞速度在5.35~5.97 km/s范围内时,碰撞速度对碰撞闪光温度影响不明显;然而,碰撞速度相近,碰撞角度越大,碰撞闪光温度越高。     

黑体辐射源的发展

黑体辐射源作为辐射测温仪器的校准装置,近几十年来随着红外测温技术的发展而取得了飞速进步。本文从黑体辐射源的发展历史、研究内容、发展方向和目前存在的问题几方面作了介绍。     

Solar particle dynamics during magnetic storms of July 23–27, 2004

It is a case study of a chain of three magnetic storms with a special attention to the particle dynamics based on CORONAS-F and SERVIS-1 low altitude satellite measurements. Solar proton penetration inside the polar cap and inner magnetosphere and dynamics at different phases of the magnetic storms was studied. We found, that solar protons were captured to the inner radiation belt at the recovery phase of the first and the second magnetic storms and additionally accelerated during the last one. No evidence of sudden commencement (SC) particle injection was found. Enhanced solar proton belt intensity with small pitch angles decreased slowly during satellite orbits for 30 days until the next magnetic storm. Then in 20–30 h we registered strong precipitation of these protons followed by the trapped proton flux dropout. Intensity decrease was more pronounced at lower altitudes and higher particle energies.     

Global dynamics of high area-to-mass ratios GEO space debris by means of the MEGNO indicator

In this paper we provide an extensive analysis of the global dynamics of high-area-to-mass ratios geosynchronous (GEO) space debris, applying a recent technique developed by Cincotta and Simó [Cincotta, P.M., Simó, C.Simple tools to study global dynamics in non-axisymmetric galactic potentials–I. Astron. Astrophys. (147), 205–228, 2000.], Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), which provides an efficient tool to investigate both regular and chaotic components of the phase space.     

空间目标红外特征仿真模型

建立了一种基于三维场景的空间目标红外辐射特征计算模型.模型对多层介质目标进行几何建模与三维剖分,考虑目标微动时太阳和地球对目标加热的影响,计算了目标外表面的辐射散热及内腔壁面元间的辐射换热,在此基础上完成目标的三维导热计算,利用Gauss-Seidel迭代法求解微元体的温度,进而计算了中长波和长波红外波段目标自身的辐射、对外热源的反射以及总的辐射亮度图像和辐射强度曲线.研究表明,无自旋的目标在圆周方向受太阳加热不均,温差显著;自旋使目标圆周方向温差减小,温度分布趋于均匀.     

基于锅炉炉膛三维温度场检测算法的研究

鉴于大型锅炉内燃烧火焰变化的多样性,为了实时掌握炉内火焰燃烧状况,提出了一种改进的检测炉内三维温度场的算法.该算法通过对炉膛火焰二维累加辐射能的图像处理,并利用辐射传递方程的逆求解,实现了对炉内火焰三维温度场的确定.仿真研究和实验结果表明此算法是可行的.     

层板内冷通道辐射换热影响

分析了层板换热过程,使用了"去除复杂表面"和"无限大平板" 等假设,给出了该假设下层板内腔辐射换热计算公式.又以一特定几何结构的层板模型为例,使用了3维流体力学计算程序求解了流-固耦合情况下的层板内部换热过程,研究了其在4种航空发动机典型工作状态下,内冷通道中的对流和辐射换热情况,得到了辐射与对流换热强度之比θ随冷气入口Re数和燃气加热功率的变化曲线,并对该曲线进行了指数拟合.建立了一套快速简捷计算层板内腔辐射状况的方法,为层板内腔换热研究是否应该忽略辐射,以及对层板冷却效果的修正,提供了一定的判断和计算依据.      

A new model to simulate infrared radiation from an aircraft exhaust system

A multi-scale narrow band correlated-k distribution(MSNBCK) model is developed to simulate infrared radiation(IR) from an exhaust system of a typical aircraft engine.In this model,an approximate approach instead of statistically uncorrelated assumption is used to treat overlapping bands in gas mixture.It significantly reduces the requirement for computing power through converting the exponential increase of computing power consumption with the increase of participating gas species to linear increase.Besides,MSNBCK model has a great advantage compared with conventional methods which can estimate each species' contribution to the total gas mixture radiation intensity.Line by line(LBL) results,experimental data and other results in the references are used to evaluate this new model,which demonstrates its advantage in terms of accuracy and computing efficiency.By coupling this model and finite volume method(FVM) into radiative transfer equation(RTE),a comparative study is conducted to simulate IR signature from the exhaust system.The results indicate that wall's IR emission should be considered in both 3-5 μm and8-14 μm bands while gases' IR emission plays an important role only in 3-5 μm band.For plume IR radiation,carbon dioxide's emission is much more significant than that of water vapor in both3-5μm and 8-14 μm bands.Especially in 3-5 μm band,the water vapor's IR signal can even be neglected compared with that of carbon dioxide.     

气膜孔排布对排气系统中心锥冷却和红外辐射特性的影响

运用计算流体力学/红外辐射(CFD/IR)的数值模拟方法,以涡扇发动机排气系统为原型,对中心锥表面气膜冷却方案进行了数值研究,并揭示了中心锥冷却对红外辐射特征的作用效果.研究表明:气膜冷却中心锥可有效降低中心锥表面的温度,抑制排气系统在0°~15°范围内的红外辐射.在所研究的诸多方案中,与无冷却的涡扇排气系统相比,中心锥表面温度可以降低282K,0°方向上可降低总体红外辐射约57%.      

发动机舱内部传热和蒙皮的降温规律

建立了简化的发动机舱物理模型,对通风冷却和辐射遮挡的蒙皮降温效果进行了数值模拟和实验研究,并对发动机舱内部传热规律进行了分析.结果表明:数值计算得到的发动机舱蒙皮表面沿程分布与实验结果吻合良好.在加热壁面分段的热边界条件下,无辐射遮挡且无通风时蒙皮内侧表面接受的热流占热壁面加热热流的比值约为78%,当发动机舱通风速度达到1m/s时该比值降至20%;当通风速度从0m/s增大至3.5m/s时,发动机舱蒙皮峰值温度的降幅约为10%;无通风条件下有辐射遮挡的蒙皮峰值温度相对于无辐射遮挡的情形降幅约为6%;在通风冷却和辐射遮挡的综合作用下,蒙皮峰值温度相对于无通风且无辐射遮挡的基准状况可降低约50K,相对降幅约为14%.