从民歌看民族“文化上的共同心理素质”

川南汉族民歌《槐花几时开》和鄂西土家族民歌《高高山上一树槐》极度相似,或者本就是同一首民歌,应该是川南、鄂西两地所属的武陵地区各民族,因相同的自然环境、相同或相似的社会生产、生活方式,各民族长期较为稳定的杂居聚集、交流融合而产生的相同或相似的审美观,进而形成"文化上的共同心理素质"。     

拦截高速目标的比例与反比例导引捕获区分析

针对拦截高速目标的作战特点,分析了比例导引(PN)与反比例导引(RPN)的捕获区。首先,通过分析拦截弹与目标的相对运动关系,推导得到了顺轨和逆轨的零控拦截条件,此条件由目标和拦截弹的速度前置角以及二者速度比确定;其次,以拦截弹和目标速度前置角为坐标系,推导得到了PN以及RPN捕获区以及各自导航比设置范围。PN的捕获区由逆轨零控拦截条件以及与其相切且斜率为1/(N-1)的两条直线构成,RPN的捕获区由顺轨零控拦截条件以及与其相切且斜率为1/(-N-1)的两条直线构成;然后,利用函数对称性将PN与RPN捕获区转换到同一坐标区间,得到了相同条件下RPN捕获区要大于PN捕获区的结论;最后,开展了四种情形下的仿真,验证了本文捕获区分析的合理性及有效性。     

由转速判断涡轮盘行波谐振

为找出液体火箭发动机涡轮盘疲劳裂纹故障产生的原因,对包含燃气在冲击式涡轮腔内形成的旋转激励与盘行波模态耦合谐振在内的盘的各种可能的耦合谐振进行了分析研究。在其它耦合谐振的可能性被排除后,将前者作为研究重点,并给出发生此种行波谐振的危险耦合转速范围计算公式。对某发动机大量热试转速数据作了分析,给出判断此类耦合谐振的判断依据。     

在地球极区无奇异的再入飞行器质心运动方程

传统的再入飞行器质心运动方程用经度和纬度描述地理位置，在南北极极点处奇异，在南北极区病态。本文提出利用位置矢量的三个方向余弦，称为“三余弦数”或“三元数”，代替经纬度，推导出无奇异再入质心运动方程。再入飞行器临近极点和到达极点的算例显示，使用三元数的无奇异再入方程完全避免了传统方程有关极点的奇异性。同时，无奇异方程所选状态变量与传统方程可进行很简便的转换。     

月球着陆器精确定点及安全着陆技术研究

在未来月球探测中,需要对一些地形复杂的区域进行探测,而在这些区域软着陆,潜在的危险性增加,这就要求着陆时具有较高的定位精度并能够自动避险。当前,由于着陆时定点的误差较大,在小范围安全地域准确着陆很难。研究了一种精确定位、安全的软着陆方式,它在软着陆过程中增加了悬停阶段。在这一阶段中,通过着陆区危险地域的识别、着陆地点位置误差的计算,加上对着陆器横向漂移的控制技术,使着陆地点的精度以及着陆生存率大为提高,能够满足未来月球探测的软着陆要求。     

一种平板螺旋式诱导轮的扬程计算法

目前平板螺旋式诱导轮的扬程计算法大都没有考虑诱导轮出口涡流区的影响,计算出的扬程和实际扬程有较大的偏差,涡流区的存在一方面会减小主流过流面积,使液流出口速度增大,损失增加,另一方面涡流运动自身也会消耗能量,使得诱导轮的扬程有所降低.以径向平衡理论为基础,考虑诱导轮出口涡流区的影响,提出一种扬程的修正计算法,用该方法对两种诱导轮进行了计算,计算结果和试验实测值比较接近,可以更准确的计算非空化工况下诱导轮的扬程.     

The Primordial Helium-4 Abundance from Observations of a Large Sample of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies

We use a sample of 45 low-metallicity H II regions in blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies to determine the primordial helium abundance YP with a precision better than 5%. We have carefully investigated the physical effects which may make the He I line intensities deviate from their recombination values such as collisional and fluorescent enhancements, underlying He I stellar absorption and absorption by Galactic interstellar Na I. By extrapolating the Y vs. O/H and Y vs. N/H linear regressions to O/H = N/H = 0, we obtain YP = 0.244±0.002 and 0.245±0.001, respectively, higher than previous determinations (YP = 0.230 - 0.234). Part of the difference comes from the fact that previous investigators have not taken into account underlying He I stellar absorption, especially in the NW component of the BCD I Zw 18 which, because of its extremely low metallicity plays a key role in the determination of YP. We derive a slope dY/dZ = 2.3±1.0, considerably smaller than those derived before. With this smaller slope and taking into account the errors, chemical evolution models with an outflow of well-mixed material can be built for star-forming dwarf galaxies which satisfy all the observational constraints. Our YP gives _bh ₅₀ ² = 0.058±0.007,f consistent with the lower limit set by dynamical measurements and X-ray observations of clusters of galaxies. It is also consistent, within the framework of standard big bang nucleosynthesis theory, with measurements of primordial 7Li in galactic halo stars and with the D/H abundance measured in absorption systems toward quasars by Burles and Tytler (1997).     

Solar activity dependence of total electron content derived from GPS observations over Mbarara

Vertical total electron content (VTEC) observed at Mbarara (geographic co-ordinates: 0.60°S, 30.74°E; geomagnetic coordinates: 10.22°S, 102.36°E), Uganda, for the period 2001–2009 have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations. The daily values of the 10.7 cm radio flux (F_10.7) and sunspot number (R) were used to represent Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Variability (EUV). VTEC is generally higher during high solar activity period for all the seasons and increases from 0600 h LT and reaches its maximum value within 1400 h–1500 h LT. All analysed linear and quadratic fits demonstrate positive VTEC-F_10.7 and positive VTEC-R correlation, with all fits at 0000 h and 1400 h LT being significant with a confidence level of 95% when both linear and quadratic models are used. All the fits at 0600 h LT are insignificant with a confidence level of 95%. Generally, over Mbarara, quadratic fit shows that VTEC saturates during all seasons for F_10.7 more than 200 units and R more than 150 units. The result of this study can be used to improve the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) prediction of TEC around the equatorial region of the African sector.     

On small active region filaments,fibrils and surges

High resolution Hα images and magnetograms (0.2 arc s) of an active region were obtained in alternating time series at 42 s cadences using the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope on 2004 August 21. The Hα filtergrams reveal an active region filament and surges consisting of thread-like structures which have widths similar to the widths of chromospheric fibrils, both recorded down to the resolution limit in the best images. All observed structures in the active region appear highly dynamic. Fibrils show counterstreaming strongly resembling the counterstreaming threads in filaments.     

X线乳腺图像中微钙化检测的快速排除无病变区域法

介绍一种通过去除数字化乳腺x线照片中的无病变区域（TNR）间接地获取感兴趣区域（ROI）的方法。该方法可通过3个步骤来实现：（1）将图像划分为若干个不重合的相等大小块，并为每块计算5个特征；（2）通过域值法进行粗分析，排除肯定不含有病变的块；（3）使用代价敏感的支持向量分类器作更精细的分析，以进一步排除肯定不含有病变的块。在真实的数字化X线乳腺照片上的实验表明：该方法可以有效地去除高达81．71％的无病变区域。