Is Memory for Routes Enhanced by an Environment's Richness in Visual Landmarks?

We tested the hypothesis that a route's memorability is dependent on the frequency with which people are exposed to visual landmarks. Undergraduates learned either a route through an urban area lacking visually salient features, or a route in a neighborhood with many shops and urban objects. They were then asked to recall the learned route in the form of route directions and sketch maps. The results showed higher recall performance for the richer environment. When presented with photographs depicting scenes along the route, participants exposed to the richer environment had higher recognition scores and shorter response times than the others. The data confirm the functional role of landmarks in route memory and wayfinding.     

有人/无人机混合编队有限干预式协同决策

针对Leader-Follower异构型有人/无人机混合编队协同决策系统具有递阶分布式决策结构、决策信息分散以及通信约束等特点,在智能体模糊认知图(ABFCM)和动态模糊认知图(DFCM)的理论基础上,提出了一种有限干预式协同决策机制。通过构建层次化的Follower平台自主决策模型,实现了该平台与外部系统良好的交互能力,体现了自主决策的"动态性"。通过设计Leader平台的3种干预策略,满足了不同层次的决策需求,体现了干预过程的"有限性"。仿真结果表明:有限干预协同决策模型能够适应外部环境的动态变化,充分发挥Follower平台的自主决策能力;而不同层次的有限干预介入既减轻了Leader平台的控制负荷,又保证了决策的有效性和可行性,可为解决其他同类复杂系统的协同决策问题提供理论依据和方法参考。     

Design of transfer trajectories between resonant orbits in the Earth–Moon restricted problem

The application of dynamical systems techniques to mission design has demonstrated that employing invariant manifolds and resonant flybys enables previously unknown trajectory options and potentially reduces the ΔV$\mathrm{\Delta }V$ requirements. In this investigation, planar and three-dimensional resonant orbits are analyzed and cataloged in the Earth–Moon system and the associated invariant manifold structures are computed and visualized with the aid of higher-dimensional Poincaré maps. The relationship between the manifold trajectories associated with multiple resonant orbits is explored through the maps with the objective of constructing resonant transfer arcs. As a result, planar and three-dimensional homoclinic- and heteroclinic-type trajectories between unstable periodic resonant orbits are identified in the Earth–Moon system. To further illustrate the applicability of 2D and 3D resonant orbits in preliminary trajectory design, planar transfers to the vicinity of L₅ and an out-of-plane transfer to a 3D periodic orbit, one that tours the entire Earth–Moon system, are constructed. The design process exploits the invariant manifolds associated with orbits in resonance with the Moon as transfer mechanisms.     

基于高精度通用单胞模型的材料细观结构拓扑优化设计

 利用高精度通用单胞模型(HFGMC)建立了材料的宏观力学性能与细观拓扑结构之间的关系,采用遗传算法进行细观结构优化设计。以材料的极限剪切模量或体积模量为优化目标,从随机的细观结构出发,对实体材料体积分数进行约束,采用遗传算法进行优化,获得了满足设计要求的细观拓扑结构。利用细观结构的对称性减小了设计变量的规模,并对遗传算法的交叉过程进行了改进,有效提高了优化效率。以单相材料为例,验证了所提优化方法的有效性.     

环簇式塞式喷管中立体激波的拓扑结构

采用仅显示环簇式塞式喷管单元间干涉激波区域网格点作为可视化方法对数值模拟结果进行后处理,得到了直观的三维干涉激波图像,并归纳得到三种干涉激波的拓扑结构和一种脊状能量泄漏区.结合文献中的实验数据分析了三种拓扑结构所造成的干涉损失,为设计提供参考.      

基于双目视觉的类脑三维认知地图构建方法

基于大脑导航神经细胞机理的类脑认知地图构建方法,为发展智能同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)技术提供了新思路.针对现有类脑认知地图构建精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于双目视觉的类脑三维认知地图构建方法.首先阐述了类脑三维认知地图系统的工作原理,然后论述了不同视觉里程计对认知地图精度的影响,研究了基于双目视觉里程计的类脑三维认知地图精度优化方法,最终完成了基于视觉数据集的类脑三维认知地图构建试验.试验结果表明,所提方法构建的视觉里程计地图的三维位置误差为总行程的2.14％,认知地图的三维位置误差为1.56％;认知地图精度与里程计精度呈正相关;系统通过模板匹配进行回环检测与校正,提高了认知地图的精度.