用典型状态法进行蠕变/持久载荷谱压缩

提出了采用典型状态法进行发动机蠕变/持久载荷谱的压缩,并将某型涡轴发动机数量众多的载荷状态压缩成4个典型状态载荷谱,为后续编制模拟任务持久试车谱和加速任务试车谱以及发动机零部件的强度与寿命考核奠定了技术基础。研究结果表明,在现有的技术条件下,采用典型状态法以燃气涡轮叶片为对象的蠕变/持久载荷谱压缩可以满足工程应用,方法是合理可行的。      

先进太阳能热动力发电系统吸热/蓄热器研究

先进太阳能热动力发电系统研究目的是提高系统的效率,提高功率/重量比,为将来太阳能热动力发电系统在空间的广泛应用打下基础。通过对四种先进太阳能吸热/蓄热器的结构、性能及其设计进行分析评价,为进一步研究有发展前途的新型吸热器/蓄热器提供了参考依据。分析研究结果表明采用热管吸热器作为先进太阳能热动力系统吸热/蓄热器,大大减轻了系统质量,具有良好的应用前景。      

真空热试验试件数据测量软件的通用化设计

文章对真空热试验试件数据测量的一般要求进行了分析和归纳,提出了数据测量软件的通用化设计方法,对软件的参数配置文件、程序流程和功能模块的设计进行了说明.     

Spatial and temporal monitoring of drought conditions using the satellite rainfall estimates and remote sensing optical and thermal measurements

Drought is an important natural disaster that causes devastating impacts on the ecosystem, livestock, environment, and society. So far, various remote-sensing methods have been developed to estimate drought conditions, each of which has advantages and restrictions. This study aims to monitor the real-time drought indices at the field scales via the integration of various earth observations. Our proposed method consists of two steps. In the first step, the relationships between long-term standardized precipitation indices (SPI) derived from PERSIANN-CDR rainfall data and two drought-dependent parameters derived from MODIS products, including normalized NDVI and soil-air temperature gradient, are obtained at the spatial resolution of PERSIANN-CDR grid (approximately 25 km). As the next step, the corresponding relationships are applied to estimate the drought index maps at the spatial resolution of MODIS products (1 km). Numerous analyses are carried out to evaluate the proposed method. The results revealed that, from various drought indices, including SPIs of different timescales (1, 3, 6, and 12-months), SPI-3 and SPI-6 are more appropriate to the proposed method in terms of correlation with temperature and vegetation parameters. The findings also demonstrate the competency of the proposed method in estimating SPI indices with average RMSE 0.67 and the average correlation coefficient of 0.74.     

蒙皮材料对浮空器热特性影响的研究

分析临近空间浮空器热特性的影响因素,并建立临近空间浮空器热特性的数学模型,采用Fortran语言编写程序,对蒙皮材料热辐射特性对浮空器热特性的影响进行了研究.结果表明,选用短波吸收率较低且长波辐射发射率较高的蒙皮材料时,氦气平均温度的昼夜差值较低,浮空器热性能越好.夜晚蒙皮温差随长波辐射发射率的增加而增加;而白天随短波辐射吸收率的增加而增加,在长波辐射发射率较大时,其对蒙皮温差的影响不大,然而长波辐射发射率比较小时,蒙皮温差会非常大,蒙皮温差的峰值出现于黎明和黄昏时段这两个时段.     

固态功率控制器带容能力分析方法研究

以高压直流固态功率控制器为研究对象,从热的角度分析其所能开通的最大容性负载,利用Saber软件建立功率管的瞬态热路模型,通过热仿真得出固态功率控制器开通过程中的温度变化,从而准确得出其在不同控制环境下所能开通的最大容性负载。     

Fatigue life research and experimental verification of superalloy thin-walled structures subjected to thermal-acoustic loads

Rapid alternating stress is formed in structure subjected to harsh thermal-acoustic loads, which will affect fatigue performance and reduce fatigue life seriously. First, fatigue experiment of superalloy thin-walled structure was carried out to obtain fatigue damage location and failure time of the experiment specimen, and S-N curves of superalloy thin-walled structure at 723 K were fitted. Then, dynamic response simulation of superalloy thin-walled structure under the same load as experiment was implemented, and fatigue life was estimated based on the fatigue life prediction model which mainly included: improved rain-flow counting method, Morrow average stress model and Miner linear cumulative damage theory. Further, comparisons between simulation solutions and experimental results achieved a consistency, which verified the validity of the Fatigue Life Prediction Model (FLPM). Moreover, taking a rectangle plate as the analysis object, the distributions of Fain-low circulation blocks and damage levels of the structure were discussed respectively. Finally, current research indicates that in pre-buckling the structure is in softened area and fatigue life decreases with the increase of temperature; in post-buckling the structure is in hardened area and fatigue life increases with the increase of temperature within a certain range.     

基于Kriging形函数的线性时变结构模态参数辨识

近年来,对航空航天飞行器随时间变化的动力学特性研究需求越来越迫切。仅输出参数化时域的时变时间序列模型以其结构简约、精度高且跟踪能力强而成为研究热点,尤其是泛函向量时变自回归(FS-VTAR)模型已经得到了广泛应用。然而传统的FS-VTAR模型在保证其辨识优势的同时却需要针对不同时变结构选择合适的基函数形式及较高的基函数阶数,该过程相当复杂且耗时。本文借鉴无网格法中移动最小二乘(MLS)法构造形函数的思想,提出一种基于Kriging形函数的线性时变结构模态参数辨识方法。该方法首先引入自适应于辨识信号的Kriging形函数;再把时变系数在形函数上线性展开,利用最小二乘(LS)法得到形函数的展开系数;最后把时变模型特征方程转换为广义特征值问题提取出模态参数。利用时变刚度系统非平稳振动信号验证该方法,结果表明:基于Kriging形函数的FS-VTAR模型相比于传统的FS-VTAR模型能有效地避免基函数形式的选择和较高的基函数阶数,且精度相当;相比于移动最小二乘法能有效地解决其数值条件问题且具有更高的模态参数辨识精度。     

基于遗传算法与评估模型的飞行载荷实测研究

为了得到飞行载荷实测所需的最优载荷方程,建立了可表征载荷方程数学意义和物理意义的评估模型,与遗传算法(GA)结合,以载荷方程评估驱动载荷方程建立,形成一种新的载荷方程建立方法——EMGA。通过建立某机翼根部剪力方程,比较了穷尽搜索(ES)法、传统GA和EMGA所建载荷方程的评估模型参数。最后将3种方法建立的方程用于飞行载荷实测。结果发现:和其他两种方法比较,本文提出的EMGA可得到最优的载荷方程;EMGA测得的飞行载荷分散性小,最优载荷方程的测量结果可作为最终的飞行载荷。     

变体翼梢小翼的减阻机理数值模拟

总结了对翼梢小翼减阻效果影响最大的几何参数,在此基础上采用数值模拟方法研究了这些几何参数的最佳变化范围,为变体翼梢小翼设计提供理论依据.并从气动性能、气动载荷分布和翼尖涡的角度探讨了变体翼梢小翼相对传统翼梢小翼的优缺点.结果表明:在飞机的起飞阶段,变体翼梢小翼的减阻效率比传统翼梢小翼高2.2%,同时将翼尖涡强度降低了15%,有利于提高飞机的燃油效率和机场空域安全;但也会增大机翼的翼根弯矩,因此必须权衡变体翼梢小翼带来的气动收益与结构强度不利因素.