超高负荷涡轮叶栅叶顶间隙流动特征及间隙高度的影响

采用数值模拟方法研究了超高负荷涡轮叶栅叶顶间隙流动特征,详细分析了泄漏涡、叶顶分离涡、上通道涡等的流动细节,在此基础上分析间隙高度对流场特征和叶片负荷的影响.结果表明:超高负荷涡轮叶栅叶顶间隙区域存在多种形式的流动分离,泄漏流非常强烈,不仅直接影响上通道涡的形成与发展,使通道涡整体向叶根移动,而且部分泄漏流进入下通道涡;随着间隙高度增加,叶顶分离涡和泄漏涡均明显增强,叶片负荷尤其是叶顶负荷有所降低.      

高超声速复杂气动问题数值方法研究进展

高超声速流场具有复杂流动特征,其中真实气体效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等对气动力分析产生了重要影响。将流体力学研究扩展到分子动力学、电磁流体力学以及流固耦合等交叉学科领域,这给数值模拟方法带来了巨大挑战。针对高超声速气动力/热分析的热点问题,重点关注高温效应与低密度流动效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等,结合算例分析了相应的数值求解技术;在气动热方面主要比较了3类求解方法(纯工程方法、纯数值方法和基于Prandtl边界层理论的方法),并给出了相应算例;对于气动力/热/结构耦合问题,从耦合模型及耦合计算方法两方面开展了分析。最后指出了高超声速复杂气动问题数值求解技术未来需重点关注的几个方面。     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

滤波减速器有限长轮齿接触表面混合润滑分析

综合考虑了轮齿接触几何、啮合点法向载荷、齿向参数、真实表面粗糙度、润滑剂流变特性等因素,建立了滤波减速器轮齿混合润滑数值分析模型,采用复合迭代法和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法分别求解Reynolds方程和弹性变形方程,获得了轮齿接触表面混合润滑分析完全数值解,得到了滤波减速器在啮入点、节点和啮出点的压力与平均油膜厚度,以及转速对轮齿接触表面平均油膜厚度和接触比的影响.结果表明:在啮入点、啮出点及节点处,沿齿宽方向的压力分布不相等,两侧压力较大,而在啮入点处的两侧压力突变相对较小,且平均油膜厚度最大;对于粗糙轮齿接触表面,随着滤波减速器转速逐渐降低,啮入点、节点及啮出点的平均油膜厚度随之减小,接触比增加,润滑效果变差,并且在同一工况下粗糙轮齿接触表面的啮合点平均油膜厚度小于光滑轮齿表面的平均油膜厚度.      

大型运输机机体结构全尺寸疲劳试验分散系数探讨

从疲劳分散系数的含义入手,分析了国内、外军用标准和民用适航标准对于疲劳分散系数的要求,从中找出了影响战斗类飞机与运输类飞机疲劳分散系数的因素,给出了确定大型运输机全尺寸疲劳试验分散系数的原则。     

新型高温/超高温热障涂层及制备技术研究进展

简单介绍了先进航空发动机高温/超高温热障涂层(TBCs)的研究背景、意义和现状;简述了近年来国际上在新一代超高温TBCs方面的研究进展。重点介绍了近年来北京航空航天大学在新型高温/超高温TBCs方面的研究成果,包括新型超高温、高隔热陶瓷隔热层材料,1 150℃以上新型抗高温氧化金属粘结层材料,以及电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)、等离子体激活EB-PVD(PA EB-PVD)和等离子物理气相沉积(PS-PVD)等新型制备工艺。最后对TBCs在未来高性能航空发动机上的应用及发展趋势进行了展望。     

某火力电厂机组控制系统的设计与实现

以某火力发电厂的建设为整体背景,结合电厂设计过程中实际出现的问题,以及以往的设计经验,利用MaxDNA控制系统,展开对于整体火力机组控制系统中的软硬件的设计。通过某火力发电厂实地进行联调联试,确保相应的设备能够正常的工作,以保证机组的正常运行。系统运行情况良好,基本实现工艺设备的控制要求,获得了用户的认可,降低了相关工作的工作强度,取得很好的经济效益。     

变任务混频寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性

在基于固定任务混频的寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性研究成果的基础上,推导了变任务混频条件下的寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性,结果表明:变任务混频的载荷参数累加量分布函数也是趋于正态分布.并采用数值方法模拟实际飞行过程中变任务混频条件下寿命相关载荷的累积过程,模拟结果和理论结果吻合良好,进一步验证了分析结果的正确性.该结果可用于变任务混频下的寿命可靠性预测.      

面内弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支复合材料层合板的屈曲

为扩充航空复合材料结构稳定性设计手段,基于Levy形式级数和有限差分法,提出了面内纯弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支（SSCC）复合材料层合板临界屈曲载荷的数值解法。首先,应用有限差分法将挠度函数进行离散化处理;然后利用边界条件扩充方程组,最后将临界屈曲载荷的求解转化为广义特征值问题。通过数值算例分别在各向同性板和复合材料层合板上验证了本文方法,并与有限元方法（FEM）进行了比较。结果表明,本文方法具有很高的精度,为复合材料层合板的屈曲分析开辟了新的途径。     

Determination of thermal expansion coefficients for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites

In the present work, the coefficients of thermal expansion（CTEs） of unidirectional（UD）fiber-reinforced composites are studied. First, an attempt is made to propose a model to predict both longitudinal and transverse CTEs of UD composites by means of thermo-elastic mechanics analysis. The proposed model is supposed to be a concentric cylinder with a transversely isotropic fiber embedded in an isotropic matrix, and it is subjected to a uniform temperature change. Then a concise and explicit formula is offered for each CTE. Finally, some finite element（FE） models are created by a finite element program MSC. Patran according to different material systems and fiber volume fractions. In addition, the available experimental data and results of other analytical solutions of CTEs are presented. Comparisons are made among the results of the cylinder model,the finite element method（FEM）, experiments, and other solutions, which show that the predicted CTEs by the new model are in good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, transverse CTEs generally offer better agreements than those predicted by most of other solutions.