大型航天器研制设施建设中的技术状态控制与文件管理

文章通过分析大型航天器研制设施项目的建设特点,对因技术变更造成的技术状态控制问题,提出借鉴型号研制技术状态管理模式予以解决的方法。同时,对建设项目文件管理中存在的有关问题提出改进建议。     

基于DAQ和FPGA开发星务软件测试平台

针对航天软件自动化测试和测试通用性要求的不断提高,提出基于DAQ（数据采集）和FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）的星务软件测试平台构建方案,在PXI（PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation,外设部件互联标准在仪器领域的扩展）系统环境下应用NI（美国国家仪器公司）的DAQ板卡和FPGA板卡实现星务软件外围数据的仿真模拟,应用Lab-VIEW编程实现信号的解析和良好的人机交互界面。在实际测试中,它能够很好地完成一系列星务软件的自动化动态测试、故障模拟测试等,大大缩短了测试周期,提高了测试效率。此平台完全满足航天软件现代化测试的要求,具有开发周期短、使用效率高、通用性强等优点。     

电磁探测卫星星上自主规划模型及优化算法

电磁探测卫星自治(AEDS)是一类对地观测卫星,其搜集的信息对工业、科研和军事等领域有着重要的意义。针对电磁探测卫星有效载荷特点,建立了基于动态拓扑结构无环路有向图的星上自主规划数学模型,提出了基于标记更新最短路径搜索的星上自主规划精确算法,对其完备性和时间复杂度进行了分析。并对精确算法时间复杂度较高的缺点,将近似支配概念引入到模型中,提出了标记更新最短路径搜索近似算法,分析了算法的近似程度和时间复杂度。最后,根据模拟的数据进行实验及分析,表明该方法能有效解决电磁探测卫星自主任务规划问题。     

航天器可测试性设计研究

在调研国内外可测试性技术发展历程的基础上,分析中国航天器可测试性设计技术与国外的差距,探讨其发展的前提条件和规划方法,提出适合中国航天器的可测试性设计的技术实现途径.     

飞机座舱透明材料大气老化与使用老化当量关系的研究

根据 YB-3航空有机玻璃海南自然老化 1,2,3年后的疲劳寿命曲线和在东北沈阳 -鞍山地区飞行使用 5年后的疲劳寿命曲线,用疲劳强度降,建立了大气老化与使用老化两者的当量关系。并用 YB-2航空有机玻璃海南大气自然老化与南方飞行使用老化的数据,验证了建立的加速当量的正确性和准确性。     

基于标准总线的航电系统测试与维护策略

随着航电系统越来越依赖于复杂的电子系统,以及电子产品的微型化,测试成为解决航电系统可靠性和维修性的关键。在分析基于标准测试总线的测试性技术的标准体系之后,介绍了将边界扫描技术应用于板级测试,系统级测试以及产品现场维护的测试性设计的一种方法。     

直接操作FFD的牙齿修复冠变形设计

提出了在约束条件下基于直接操作自由曲面变形修复冠的变形设计方法,完全以患者口腔内的约束条件为基础,通过对特征位置增加、修改、删除约束点和载荷点,再对上述点施加拉伸和压缩,从而获得适合的牙冠修复模型。最后,通过一个牙冠修复体变形设计的例子,说明该方法的有效性。     

Comparative analysis of global optical observability of satellites in LEO

With a growing number of resident space objects (RSOs), the facilities for near-Earth space surveillance have to cope with increasing workload. It also applies to low-cost small optical surveillance facilities which may present regional, national and global networks. Improved methods of planning and scheduling optical telescopes are required to use these instruments efficiently. Today, optical observations are only feasible if the following quite stringent requirements are met: the object should be illuminated by sunlight, and it should be above while the Sun is below the observer’s horizon. For different orbits, these preconditions result in varying degrees of the space object observability at various ground-based sites. Certainly, satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) are particularly difficult to observe. This study aims at developing a new technique for assessing observability of a satellite in different types of orbits – namely, low, medium and high Earth orbits, imaging of the opportunity for its visibility in respective diagrams and their analysing for the existing near-Earth population of RSOs. Unlike other researches, wherein one or several observational stations have been chosen as target sites for in-depth analyses of visibility of all the satellites or just the selected ones, the present study focuses on examining the probability of optical surveillance of satellites in a certain orbit from any locations worldwide. It offers considerable scope for automation of surveillance planning and scheduling optical surveillance networks.     

Aero-optical effects simulation technique for starlight transmission in boundary layer under high-speed conditions

Aero-optical effects for starlight transmission in the high-speed flow field will reduce the accuracy of the star sensor on an aircraft. Numerical simulations for aero-optical effects usually require plenty of calculations, which cause difficulties when designing a celestial navigation system for a high-speed aircraft. In this study, an Aero-Optical Simulator For Starlight Transmission (AOSST) in the boundary layer is developed. It effectively reduces the computational burden compared to that of the widely used CFD simulation, and it achieves satisfactory accuracy. In this simulator, gas ellipsoids satisfying certain design rules are used to simulate coherent density structures in boundary layers. Design rules for the gas ellipsoids are found from published experimental and high-fidelity CFD simulation results. The generated wavefront distortion by AOSST is anchored with the scale law for aero-optical distortion in the boundary layer by determining some control parameters, which enables the simulator to output reliable results over a wide range of flight states. Four numerical examples are provided to verify the performance of AOSST. The results demonstrate that AOSST is able to simulate the directional dependence of aero-optical distortions in boundary layers, the variation trend of distorted wavefront shapes with Reynolds number, and the grayscale distribution on the disturbed star map.     

基于PDCA循环的系统测试性设计方法

采用PDCA的核心思想，结合某型综合显示控制系统研发过程工程实际，提出了一套系统测试性设计的技术方法。通过将系统测试性设计过程按照“策划-实施-评估-改进”的戴明环循环思路，以测试性需求实现和验证为出发点，聚焦测试性设计技术状态风险管控，提出了测试性设计工作的关键技术路径，落实测试性设计过程闭环，可有效指导系统测试性设计。