Large-scale Vacuum Vessel Design and Finite Element Analysis

The vacuum plume effects experimental system (PES) is the first experimental system designed to study the effects of vacuum plume in China. The main equipment, a vacuum chamber of 5.5 m in diameter and 12.8 m in length, and structure design of hinged door are described. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to analyze the static strength and stability of the PES vacuum chamber. It is demonstrated that the static strength and stability are qualified. For the 5.5 m diameter vacuum chamber door, three design schemes are put forward. After comparisons are made, the single-axis-double-pin hinged door is selected. The FEM is applied to checking its static strength as well as distortions. The results show that the door’s distortion and displacement change mainly due to the gravity of the door which leads to its sinking. The calculated displacement is less than 7.8 mm, while the actual measurement is 5 mm. The single-axis-double-pin hinged door mechanism completely satisfies the design requirements. This innovative structure can be introduced as a reference for the design of large-scale hinged doors.     

空间相机支撑结构选型动力学分析

在航天遥感领域,离轴三反射镜消像散光学系统(TMA)以大视场、无遮拦等特点被广泛运用。由于离轴TMA系统的特点以及空间相机在发射过程中经历的恶劣的力学环境,相机支撑结构的力学特性对于相机成像品质的保证具有至关重要的意义。文章用Solidworks建立了支撑结构的实体模型,并在此基础上建立了有限元模型。通过对4种结构构型方案的力学特性的分析比较,为相机光机结构设计打下了基础,对三反离轴相机支撑结构的工程设计具有一定的指导作用。     

Full-scale crash test and FEM simulation of a crashworthy helicopter seat

Crashworthy seat structure with considerable energy absorption capacity is a key component for aircraft to improve its crashworthiness and occupant survivability in emergencies.According to Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) regulations,seat performance must be certified by dynamic crash test which is quite expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,numerical simulation is a more efficient and economical approach to provide the possibility to assess seat performances and predict occupant responses.A numerical simulation of the crashworthy seat structure was presented and the results were also compared with the full-scale crash test data.In the numerical simulation,a full-scale three-dimensional finite element model of the seat/occupant structure was developed using a nonlinear and explicit dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA3D.Emphasis of the numerical simulation was on predicting the dynamic response of seat/occupant system,including the occupant motion which may lead to injuries,the occupant acceleration-time histories,and the energy absorbing behavior of the energy absorbers.The agreement between the simulation and the physical test suggestes that the developed numerical simulation can be a feasible substitute for the dynamic crash test.      

大挠性空间桁架结构的动力学建模与仿真研究

对航天器结构中常用的一字型空间桁架,基于建立的普通式和拉索式空间桁架结构简化模型,用有限元法建立空间桁架结构模型,分别对两种空间桁架结构的模态特性、谐响应和瞬时激励响应等动力学特性进行了仿真研究,分析了拉索式空间桁架结构的弦张力对桁架结构振动特性的影响。研究较好地模拟了大挠性空间桁架结构的动力学特性及其在外太空的真实工况,有一定的参考意义。     

柔性锥-杆式对接机构碰撞过程仿真研究

以中小型航天器普遍采用的锥-杆式对接机构为研究对象,提出一种柔性对接锥作为缓冲系统的方案,用柔性锥变形吸收撞击能量作为缓冲。用有限元法对碰撞过程进行仿真,讨论了柔性对接锥作为缓冲系统的性能对对接过程的影响。仿真结果表明:与普通对接锥相比,柔性锥能减小碰撞力峰值50%多。     

多导线对称分布原子磁分束器和干涉仪设计分析

提出了采用多根对称分布载流导线构成原子分束器的方法,包括三导线和四导线磁导引。阐述了原子分束器的分束机制,用Ansoft Maxwell 2D软件计算给出了部分载流导线移动到不同位置时的磁场分布图。通过分析了导引中心的变化,发现只要通过改变载流导线之间的相对位置就可以来实现从单路到双路导引和三路导引的转换。由此分别设计由3根对称分布载流导线构成的原子双路分束器和4根对称分布载流导线构成三路分束器,然后运用Monte Carlo方法模拟验证其原子分束功能。最后以三线对称分布分束器为基础构成Mach-Zehnder原子磁干涉仪。     

材料非线性在折叠舵有限元计算中的运用

介绍了运用有限元方法对折叠舵进行了基于材料非线性的弹塑性分析。由于舵面上受到的载荷较大,超过材料的屈服强度,使接触区域材料进入塑性状态。如果进入塑性状态的范围过大,则结构将受到破坏,如果不采用弹塑性方法计算,而采用弹性方法计算,则舵的应力会更大,使舵面尖弦后缘点挠度变小,与试验值相比误差较大,不能忽略其材料非线性对变形计算的影响,本文考虑材料非线性的影响变形计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,因此,舵面变形最好使用弹塑性方法计算。     

关于电磁场的自然单元法

有限元法和无网格法在电磁场数值计算中已经得到了广泛的应用,然而有限元法存在前处理网格剖分问题,无网格法存在计算时间长、边界条件和不连续面难处理等问题。针对以上问题,本文提出了利用自然单元法求解电磁场的方法,该方法根据场域中的离散点的信息构造自然邻点插值函数,最后算出场值。通过算例证明了该方法在电磁场计算中的可行性。     

三轴转台外框架结构形式对比分析

基于有限元方法,对某项目三轴转台的外框架两种结构进行静态、动态的分析比较,通过两种框架形式的重量、转动惯量、变形、等效应力、谐振频率的对比,最终确定了该转台外框的较优结构。     

整体式盒式应变天平有限元设计

为了满足大飞机的测力试验要求,应用CATIA软件建立整体式盒式应变天平的虚拟样机,以该软件的有限元功能分析了该天平的静力学、贴片梁的微应变及模态,得出了天平在给定载荷下的应力和模态振型。静态标定结果表明有限元方法比传统计算方法的结果更可靠,同时说明了CATIA作为参数化设计及分析的一体化软件应用于天平的设计可在设计阶段降低天平的线性与非线性干扰,分析与设计效率得到了较大的提高。