气压变化对光纤陀螺仪零偏稳定性 的影响及抑制方法研究

光纤陀螺仪可用于测量载体相对惯性空间的角运动, 是光纤惯导系统的核 心部件。因此,要求光纤陀螺仪具有较高的精度和良好的环境适应性。光纤环是光纤陀 螺仪的角速度敏感部件,光纤环受到环境因素影响,将导致光纤陀螺仪精度下降,因此 需要对光纤环采取适当的保护措施。分析了气压变化导致光纤陀螺仪零偏稳定性变差的 机理： 环境气压的急剧变化, 会使光纤环上产生附加应力, 造成光纤的折射率分布不 均,导致光路产生非互易性相位差,使光纤陀螺仪零偏产生漂移,零偏稳定性变差;并 提出了对光纤陀螺仪进行密封的措施来抑制该效应。经试验验证,采用此密封设计后, 光纤陀螺仪在变气压环境中的零偏稳定性改善了近10 倍。     

丝束张力对自动铺丝成型工艺的影响

为获得良好的铺丝成型质量,通过理论分析和实际铺放实验,从送丝质量和铺放质量两个角度出发,研究了丝束张力对自动铺丝成型工艺的影响。送丝实验发现,丝束张力的大小对送丝精度和送丝可靠性影响显著;铺放实验发现,过大或过小的丝束张力都会导致铺放质量的下降,铺放过程中丝束张力维持在合理的范围内;基于铺放过程中预浸丝束的受力分析,探究了不同铺放条件下铺放张力对铺放质量的影响,讨论了影响丝束张力取值范围的因素,建立了丝束张力取值范围的计算公式并对该公式的合理性进行了实验性验证。最终得出结论,丝束张力是自动铺丝成型工艺的重要工艺参数之一,铺放中丝束张力的取值应随曲面形状和铺放轨迹的改变而调整,并与其他铺放工艺参数相匹配以实现铺放质量的最优化。     

高精度压电陶瓷驱动电源的研制

为进一步提高压电陶瓷微位移系统的定位精度,设计了一种以PA93高压运放器为核心的高精度、稳定性好的大功率压电陶瓷驱动电源.重点阐述了系统设计方案,并对其中的关键技术和特性功能进行了分析讨论.实验结果表明,该驱动电源具有精度高、输出电流大、响应速度快、稳定性好的特点.当压电陶瓷等效容性负载为3μF时,能在1KHz内实现0V～ 10V到0V～100V的动态放大,电压输出精度可达0.1mV.     

叶尖粗糙度与倾角对光纤传感器输出特性影响

航空发动机涡轮叶片叶尖间隙变化影响发动机效率也蕴含丰富的发动机健康状态信息。实际叶尖间隙变化表现为3维变化,且叶尖表面受高温气流剥蚀等影响表面粗糙度发生变化。为探究其对光纤传感器测量叶尖间隙精度的影响,利用ZEMAX光学仿真软件分析了双圈同轴式光纤传感器在叶尖表面粗糙度变化和倾角变化影响下的输出特性,并搭建3维叶尖间隙静态标定平台对上述影响进行试验。结果表明:粗糙度和倾角增大均导致传感器灵敏度降低、零点位置后移。该结果为实现叶尖间隙变化的3维精确测量提供理论和试验依据。     

视觉导航技术的发展

近20年来视觉导航技术发展迅速,在原理方法与技术实现上取得了重要突破,规模化应用已经成为可能。以视觉导航中光流、视觉里程计、视觉同步定位与地图构建等主流研究方向为对象,对其发展概况、基本原理、技术优势与难点等进行了简要介绍与分析,并从近期应用推广及长远发展角度对视觉及视觉组合导航技术进行了展望。     

中等磁暴太阳周分布的统计研究

依据实际观测的中等磁暴数据,统计分析了中等磁暴的太阳周分布.分析结果表明,在一个太阳活动周内,每年中等磁暴随时间的变化出现多个峰值,其中,最大峰值均出现在太阳活动周的下降段,即中等磁暴的峰值比太阳黑子数平滑年均值的峰值要滞后,滞后的时间为2～3年.超过70%的中等磁暴出现在太阳活动周的下降段,这表明绝大多数中等磁暴出现在太阳活动周的下降段.通过对中等磁暴平滑月均值与太阳黑子数平滑月均值相位差的计算分析发现,中等磁暴峰值出现的时间比太阳黑子数峰值出现的时间要滞后,不同太阳活动周中等磁暴峰值出现的时间与太阳黑子数峰值时间滞后的程度不同.      

The photometric study of light scattering from the surface of alumina powder and interpretations by Hapke formula

A laboratory experiment helps to understand the light scattering property of regolith like samples with known compositions and other physical parameters. The laboratory data so obtained can be compared with the existing in situ data on celestial objects like asteroids. Further, it may be analyzed with the help of various theoretical models to understand the light scattering processes from regolith more clearly. In this work we have performed laboratory based photometry of the light scattered from the surfaces of powdered alumina (Al₂O₃) at various tilt angles of the sample and at large phase angles, with the particles having diameter 0.3 μm. The wavelength of observation was 632.8 nm. These data have been fitted by a surface scattering model originally suggested by Hapke. Instead of using empirical Henyey–Greenstein phase function to fix the values of albedo and phase function to be used within Hapke formula, we have used Mie theory for the same. This approach helped us to determine the single particle properties such as particle diameter and complex refractive index from surface scattering phase curve alone. Mie theory depends only on the size parameter X(=2π(radius/wavelength)) and complex refractive index (n, k) of the material. Since the absorption coefficient (k) for alumina is known to be very low but not exactly zero, the best fit to the experimental data was obtained by least square technique with k as a free parameter, as the other parameters are known. Finally, we compare our results with other published results and discuss the scope of application of the method we adopted.     

质量管理体系中的计量保证工作研究

计量保证是型号产品质量管理的重要组成,是保证型号研制、生产、试验、使用中单位统一、量值准确可靠的重要手段,为支撑型号创新发展和保证型号产品质量发挥着基础性保障性作用。经过多年发展,计量保证已逐步融入型号质量工作,并通过质量管理条例、计量监督管理条例等相关法规和标准得到进一步的巩固,有力地支撑着型号的研制生产。新时期,型号产品发展为计量保证工作提出了新要求、新问题和新挑战,本文对型号计量保证工作的现状、发展需求和存在的不足进行了分析,并提出了后续的工作建议。     

Estimation of optical maturity parameter for lunar soil characterization using Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)

Prolonged exposure of the microscopic outer layer of the lunar surface to the space environment leads to the maturation of the surface. Maturation can be quantified and it may be expressed in terms of optical maturity (OMAT). Optical maturity estimations are very much helpful in the identification and mapping of the major minerals present on the lunar regolith. Estimation of the maturation and mineral mapping using remote sensing techniques are achieved, by coupling spectral reflectance of the lunar surface with an optimized origin. The present work estimates the optical maturity and Ferrous oxide content of the Goldschmidt and Schrodinger craters, through the recalibration of the classical method of Lucey et al. (2000a) with an origin of (0.08, 1.18) and Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data. The overall recalibration results assure that the craters are highly matured.