吊钟形涡流室内涡流及气体温度分布的研究

用热线风速仪测量了拖动工况下涡流室式柴油机吊钟形涡流室内的气流平均速度和气体温度。研究了涡流室内气流切向速度和气体温度的空间分布及随其曲轴转角变化的规律。     

某舰飞行甲板区域流场特性的水洞试验

为了满足舰载直升机的需要，南航直升机技术研究所对某舰飞行甲板区域流场进行了水洞试验。本文详述了水洞试验的方法和技术，通过对舰模在各种水速、各种航行偏角状态下的试验，得到了大量照片，并据此对该舰机库后部、飞行甲板上部周围流场进行了分析，得出了在飞行甲板机库门外有一趋于收缩的稳态区，随着流速Ｖ的增大，这一区域变短。稳态区之后很快变为乱流区。从侧面上看，稳态区高度有从降低再向上扩散的趋向。在向右偏航时，     

表面温度和热流的一种间接测量技术

固体表面温度和热流的直接测量在某些情况下是很困难的。使用“过去的”和“将来的”测量时间 ,引入稳定矩阵的概念 ,抑制了导热反问题的误差放大作用。通过埋设在固体内部的热电偶的温度测量 ,同时对固体表面的温度和热流进行了有效估算     

扇面波导宽面横缝的等效参量

给出扇面波导ＴＥ模式场分量的近似表达式，根据等效原理，应用矩量法求解了扇面波导宽面窄横缝口面电场的分布，研究了散射参数，归一化等效串联阻抗，谐振电阻，谐振长度等重要参数。     

变幅载荷对高温合金裂纹萌生及扩展寿命的影响

为了更好地分析航空发动机用高温合金裂纹萌生阶段的变幅载荷对高温材料的低周疲劳裂纹萌生及扩展寿命的影响,将低周疲劳的裂纹萌生过程视作损伤累积过程,基于连续损伤力学建立了低周疲劳损伤累积模型.结合室温下GQGH4169合金的裂纹扩展试验数据,通过有限元建模计算和数值分析方法确定了模型中具体的损伤参数数值,并对裂纹萌生寿命进行了预测.结果表明:该方法不但能准确地预测变幅加载下CT试样的裂纹萌生寿命,而且能很好地反映萌生阶段变幅载荷对裂纹扩展寿命的影响,而且降低了试验成本.     

Delineation of possible influence of solar variability and galactic cosmic rays on terrestrial climate parameters

The present paper has investigated the associations of solar activity (SA), represented by total solar irradiance (TSI), galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and terrestrial climate parameters in particular the global cloudiness and global surface temperature. To that end, we have analysed thirty five years (1983–2018) data of these parameters and have applied the Granger-causality test in order to assess whether there is any potential predictability power of one indicator to the other. The correlations among the involved parameters are tested using Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model and variance decomposition method. As a result of the above analysis, we have found that the TSI is an important factor and has contributed about 8.77 ± 0.42% in the cosmic ray intensity variations. In case of cloud cover variations, the other three parameters (TSI, cosmic ray and global surface temperature) have played a significant role. Further, the TSI changes have contributed 1.68 ± 0.03% fluctuations in the variance of the cloud cover while the cosmic ray intensity and global surface temperature have contributed about 4.89 ± 0.08% and 10.87 ± 1.41% respectively. In case of the global surface temperature anomaly both TSI and cloud covers have contributed about 5.07 ± 0.47% and 14.42 ± 2.13% fluctuations respectively. Additionally, we have also assessed the impact of internal climate oscillations like multivariate ENSO index (MEI), north Atlantic oscillations (NAO) and quasi biennial oscillations (QBO) on cloud cover variations. The contribution of these internal oscillations e.g. ENSO, NAO and QBO in cloud cover variation were reported as 7.48 ± 1.02%, 5.51 ± 0.16% and 1.36 ± 0.43% respectively.     

高亚声速喷流近场的流-声关联

针对马赫数为0.9的圆口喷流,采用大涡模拟计算流场与声场,在与直接数值模拟(DNS)和实验数据比对验证的基础上,分析了中心线和剪切层湍流脉动信号与声信号的相关性,并进一步对中心线上温度信号进行相关性研究。结果表明:相关系数在中心线上势流核末端附近出现峰值,说明该处的湍流脉动信号对声压信号有重要贡献,而这一区域的流动的间歇性与对流速度均较高。同时,声压与中心线上的温度脉动和温度梯度径向分量的脉动也有较高相关性,但与温度梯度轴向分量的脉动相关性较低,表明在模拟的温度比下轴向温度梯度对近场声压贡献较小。     

Global characteristics of ionospheric electric fields and disturbances during the first hours of magnetic storms

The ionospheric plasma density can be significantly disturbed during magnetic storms. In the conventional scenario of ionospheric storms, the negative storm phases with plasma density decreases are caused by neutral composition changes, and the positive storm phases with plasma density increases are often related to atmospheric gravity waves. However, recent studies show that the global redistribution of the ionospheric plasma is dominated primarily by electric fields during the first hours of magnetic storms. In this paper, we present the measurements of ionospheric disturbances by the DMSP satellites and GPS network during the magnetic storm on 6 April 2000. The DMSP measurements include the F region ion velocity and density at the altitude of ∼840 km, and the GPS receiver network provides total electron content (TEC) measurements. The storm-time ionospheric disturbances show the following characteristics. The plasma density is deeply depleted in a latitudinal range of ∼20° over the equatorial region in the evening sector, and the depletions represent plasma bubbles. The ionospheric plasma density at middle latitudes (20°–40° magnetic latitudes) is significantly increased. The dayside TEC is increased simultaneously over a large latitudinal range. An enhanced TEC band forms in the afternoon sector, goes through the cusp region, and enters the polar cap. All the observed ionospheric disturbances occur within 1–5 h from the storm sudden commencement. The observations suggest that penetration electric fields play a major role in the rapid generation of equatorial plasma bubbles and the simultaneous increases of the dayside TEC within the first 2 h during the storm main phase. The ionospheric disturbances at later times may be caused by the combination of penetration electric fields and neutral wind dynamo process.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

基于CFD的发动机舱流场及温度场数值仿真

以内埋式通风口为研究对象，应用？昆合化网格，建立发动机短舱模型。采用SIMPLE算法，求解了流动和换热控制方程。对舱内流动和换热问题进行研究，得到了地面开车、地面滑行，以及不同高度、不同马赫数条件下动力装置舱内流场和温度场，解决了内埋式通风口进口流量无法测量的难题，为新型动力装置冷却通风系统的研究具有指导意义。