某型膨胀循环发动机高空模拟试验方案研究

某型膨胀循环发动机在研制初期基于环境压力可能对膨胀循环发动机起动加速性有较大影响的考虑,采用了全程主动引射高空模拟试验方案,试验结果显示环境压力对发动机起动加速性的影响较小。发动机室压和喷管面积比是影响引射方式的主要参数,该型膨胀循环发动机与采用被动引射的某型燃气发生器循环发动机参数相当,这为该型膨胀循环发动机采用被动引射提供了可能,并对膨胀循环发动机采用被动引射高空模拟试验方案的可行性进行仿真研究。     

高温流动系统内置辐射板强化传热的研究

高温气流换热通道中，沿气流方向插入辐射板，可利用板的热辐射增强换热。本文利用辐射与对流联合作用的非耦合模型，进行了数值计算，并在最高气温为９００℃的高温风洞上进行了实验研究。理论与实验结果吻合良好。文中对入口温度、风速及板数等因素的影响作了分析。     

低压涡轮导向器开度对变循环发动机的影响

建立了变循环发动机整机模型并对可变几何低压涡轮特性进行修正,研究了低压涡轮导叶开度从-6°～6°时对各部件以及发动机整体性能的影响。结果表明：随低压涡轮导向器角度变大,低压涡轮进口折合流量增大,不论低压涡轮导向器开大或关小,高、低涡轮效率均下降;随导叶开度增大,高压涡轮膨胀比增大,高压轴功率增大,高压压气机（High pressure compressor,HPC）与核心机驱动风扇级（Core driven fan stage,CDFS）压比增大;双外涵模式下涡轮导叶角度为0°时单位推力最大,单外涵模式下涡轮角度为-1°时单位推力最大。     

异形排气管的热态气动试验

在发动机活动试车台上,对全尺寸的从环形过渡到腰果形的发动机排气量,进行了热态的出口压力和温度分布测试,实验结果表明,排气管出口截面的上部存在有严重的低压区,出现气流倒流的现象,产生的原因是由于发动机排气管的上壁面的扩张角过大造成的,排气管出口夫面温度由上向下不断提高,上部因受冷气倒流的影响,温度只有９０℃左右,而对应排气管环形部分直接排出燃气,由于未受冷空气的掺混,使出口截面下半的气流最调达度４２     

Longitudinal behaviors of the IRI-B parameters of the equatorial electron density profiles retrieved from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation measurements

The electron density profiles in the bottomside F₂-layer ionosphere are described by the thickness parameter B0 and the shape parameter B1 in the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. We collected the ionospheric electron density (N_e) profiles from the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) radio occultation measurements from DoY (day number of year) 194, 2006 to DoY 293, 2008 to investigate the daytime behaviors of IRI-B parameters (B0 and B1) in the equatorial regions. Our fittings confirm that the IRI bottomside profile function can well describe the averaged profiles in the bottomside ionosphere. Analysis of the equatorial electron density profile datasets provides unprecedented detail of the behaviors of B0 and B1 parameters in equatorial regions at low solar activity. The longitudinal averaged B1 has values comparable with IRI-2007 while it shows little seasonal variation. In contrast, the observed B0 presents semiannual variation with maxima in solstice months and minima in equinox months, which is not reproduced by IRI-2007. Moreover, there are complicated longitudinal variations of B0 with patterns varying with seasons. Peaks are distinct in the wave-like longitudinal structure of B0 in equinox months. An outstanding feature is that a stable peak appears around 100°E in four seasons. The significant longitudinal variation of B0 provides challenges for further improving the presentations of the bottomside ionosphere in IRI.     

航空发动机高温升燃烧室贫油熄火及冒烟性能研究

高温升燃烧室头部燃烧组织方案设计,以改善高温升燃烧室的贫油熄火边界及冒烟性能。该方案的特点是采用了三旋流器以及双油路复合式喷嘴,设计的主燃区油气分布相当均匀,而回流区内的油气分布是局部富油的。以常规双旋流器+双油路压力雾化喷嘴(旋流杯)燃烧室作为一个基准方案,在相同的进口实验条件下与本研究方案进行了贫油熄火和出口冒烟性能的比较。实验表明,本研究方案与常规的双旋流杯设计方案相比燃烧稳定性好及出口冒烟改善。      

旋转爆震发动机燃烧室气膜出流影响数值研究

针对旋转爆震发动机（RDE）壁面的高热负荷问题,开展旋转爆震发动机燃烧室壁面气膜冷却的数值仿真,探究气膜出流与爆震波、斜激波和燃烧室流场之间的相互作用以及气膜对壁面的冷却特性。研究结果表明:爆震波对气膜的压缩和冷却孔的堵塞作用明显,气膜对爆震波整体的传播特性影响较小。受爆震波和燃烧室流场的影响,气膜出流存在周期性的摆动情况,这在一定程度上影响了壁面的冷却效果。在爆震波覆盖的壁面区域,峰值壁温下降程度有限,但时均壁温的降幅超过26.9%;在斜激波覆盖区域,随着冷气量的增加,峰值壁温和时均壁温的降幅超过32.5%和51.3%,气膜对该区域壁面的冷却效果更加明显。      

Influence of the Solar Cycle on the General Circulation of the Stratosphere and Upper Troposphere

The record of dynamical structure reveals a systematic variation that operates coherently with the 11-yr variation of UV irradiance. Involving periods shorter than 5 years, the systematic variation reflects the influence of the QBO on the polar-night vortex. It has the same basic structure as interannual changes associated with the residual mean circulation of the stratosphere. A signature of the solar cycle also appears in the direct correlation to solar flux, as recovered through regression of the entire monthly record. That signature, however, is sharply enhanced around solstice, when the residual circulation is active, and during extremal phases of the QBO. In the tropics, the solar signature follows, throughout the year, from a decadal modulation in the frequency of the QBO. The modulation is manifested to either side of the QBO’s mean frequency, in two spectral peaks where the QBO dwells: one at (24 months)⁻¹, reflecting a Biennial Oscillation (BO), and another at (36 months)^-1. Intrinsic to the QBO, those peaks are separated from its mean frequency by ∼11 years⁻¹.Through the QBO’s residual circulation, the decadal modulation introduces anomalies in the subtropics, with symmetry about the equator. Accompanying anomalous temperature in the subtropics is a stronger signature over the winter pole. Discovered by Labitzke and van Loon 1988, that solar signature reflects anomalous downwelling of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. It is shown to follow through the BO, which is intrinsic to the QBO and its modulation of the polar-night vortex.     

一种改进的概括性卡诺循环燃气轮机及其性能预测分析

基于气体多变压缩以及等温涡轮燃烧技术，提山了一种改进的概括性卡诺循环燃气轮机，通过模型预测分析了其性能，并与传统燃气轮机进行了比较。结果表明，改进的概括性卡诺循环燃气轮机的效率有很大的提高，其循环是一种接近概括性卡诺循环的气体动力循环和一个蒸汽动力循环所构成的联合动力循环，有利于降低NOx的排放。     

HIGH TEMPERATURE MOIRE INTERFEROMETRY TECHNOLOGY

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