变温热源等温加热修正不可逆回热Brayton循环功率优化

根据有限时间热力学理论,在给定各换热器总热导率的情况下,对变温热源条件下等温加热过程修正的不可逆回热式Brayton循环的功率特性进行了优化.研究表明,该情况下全局性的优化结果并不存在.在给定CCC(收敛型燃烧室)和回热器热导率分配的情况下,通过数值计算,得到了最佳的透平出口温度及RCC(常规燃烧室)和低温侧换热器的热...     

基于仿射不变矩特征的舰船图像识别方法

获取舰船图像会受到视角影响,产生仿射变换。文章研究了矩特征的平移、旋转、尺度不变性和仿射变换的性质,进一步构造了仿射不变矩。首先,提取舰船图像的封闭轮廓;然后,计算仿射不变矩作为识别的特征库。通过计算待识别图像仿射不变矩与特征库特征的相关系数进行舰船类型识别,通过仿真数据证明仿射不变矩具有良好的识别性,最大相对误差小于...     

SEP events and multi-spacecraft observations: Constraints on theory

Fifteen solar energetic particle (SEP) events have been analyzed using proton flux data recorded by the Helios 1, Helios 2, and IMP 8 spacecraft in the energy range ∼4–40 MeV during 1974–1982. For each of the events at least two of the spacecraft have their nominal magnetic footpoint within 20° in heliocentric longitude from each other. The SEP events are sub-grouped as a function of their heliocentric longitudinal separation and heliocentric radial distance from the SEP associated solar flare and several case studies are presented in this paper. Main results concerning their usage in estimating the SEP radial dependence are given. Moreover, we investigate the behavior of the third not connected spacecraft in order to study the dependence of the proton flux as a function of flare location. It is found that the contribution of the longitudinal gradient in determining variations in the SEP proton flux is particularly relevant for spacecraft having their magnetic connection footpoint separated from the flare between 30° and 50°.     

Charged particles on the Earth–Jupiter–Europa spacecraft trajectory

Charged particle fluxes on the trajectory of future Russian space research mission to Jupiter and its satellite Europa are investigated. The existing experimental data and models of Jupiter’s main magnetic field and radiation belts are summarized. Preliminary results of computations of energetic particle fluxes and radiation doses for each stage of the flight are given. Special attention is paid to estimation of radiation conditions in Europa’s orbit and on its surface; influence of the satellite on spatial distribution of the fluxes of charged particles of various energies is studied.     

Ionospheric heating due to solar flares as measured by SROSS-C2 satellite

The data on thermal fluctuations of the topside ionosphere have been measured by Retarding Potential Analyser (RPA) payload aboard the SROSS-C2 satellite over the Indian region for half of the solar cycle (1995–2000). The data on solar flare has been obtained from National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) Boulder, Colorado (USA) and other solar indices (solar radio flux and sunspot number) were download from NGDC website. The ionospheric electron and ion temperatures show a consistent enhancement during the solar flares. The enhancement in the electron temperature is 28–92% and for ion temperature it is 18–39% compared to the normal day’s average temperature. The enhancement of ionospheric temperatures due to solar flares is correlated with the variation of sunspot and solar radio flux (F10.7cm). All the events studied in the present paper fall in the category of subflare with almost same intensity. The ionospheric electron and ion temperatures enhancement have been compared with the IRI model values.     

电子设备射流送风冷却特性试验研究

射流送风是载人航天器密封舱内电子设备冷却的一种有效方式,具有简单可靠、系统质量轻、换热系数大等优点.文章对中国载人航天器密封舱内2台大功耗电子设备射流送风冷却特性进行了试验研究,分析了射流风量、送风孔数、表面状态对设备平衡温度的影响.利用不超过0.4m3/min的风量,可将热流密度为315.8W/m2的设备温度控制在5...     

交会对接组合体热管理研究

组合体热管理是实现目标飞行器和载人飞船交会对接组合体载人热环境控制的重要手段。文章提出了以舱段间通风为技术途径的交会对接组合体热管理方案。在组合体热特性分析和热平衡试验基础上,获得了组合体热管理系统分析模型。分析结果表明,组合体密封舱空气温度在19～26℃范围内可调,验证了交会对接组合体热管理设计的正确性。最后,对空间...     

ESA再入探测器的某些空气热动力问题

给出了两种不同的再入飞行器:充气的再入和下滑演示器(IRDT)和Huygens.两者的任务都涉及在靠近轨道的条件下再入并均已于2005年完成.概述了IRDT的使命和具体设计问题,综述了IRDT最近飞行的初步结果和ESTEC估计Huygens受到的辐射通量采用的方法.     

Synthesis of Iron-containing Carbon Microparticles from Deoiled Asphalt and Ferrocene

The deoiled asphalt as the carbon source and the ferrocene as the metal source and the catalyst precursor were chosen to synthe-size iron-containing carbon microparticles through co-carbonization at the temperature of about 450 ℃ for 3 h. The resulting products were treated at 2 000 ℃ for 2 h. All samples were examined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the iron particles in the heat-treated material are completely coated by carbon. In addition to the fully filled carbon microparticles as well as hollow carbon ones, also form carbon fibers with hollow centers. The formation mechanism of the as-prepared products was discussed briefly.     

目标成本管理在汽车零部件行业应用研究

汽车零部件行业生命周期相对固定、事先确定销售价格、产量预测较为明确等特点使该行业具有目标成本管理的先天优势。而一个产品在生命期必然面对客户每年提出的降价要求,因此如果简单地运用目标价格扣减目标利润的公式难以真正实现产品盈利的目标。文章认为目标成本的确定应该结合产品生命期内的现金流分析,在满足项目评价指标的前提下,在整个生命期内对产品进行成本规划。文章以KD公司为案例企业,对其基于产品生命期现金流的目标成本管理的具体应用方法进行了研究,肯定了其取得的良好效果。