无人机抗干扰防诱骗技术分析

无人机以其独特优势在侦察探测和武装打击等领域得到广泛应用,并在世界范围内多处战场上大放异彩。然而,针对无人机的干扰、诱骗和捕获问题不断发生,反无人机作战越来越成为各国军事研究热点。从无人机光学、热能散射、雷达反射、电磁信号、磁场和声学等目标特征分析了探测侦收技术,针对无人机测控和导航链路方面研究了干扰压制技术,并分析了对无人机的主要诱骗捕获方式。在此基础上,在探测侦收、干扰压制和诱骗捕获3个方面对无人机抗干扰防诱骗主要手段进行了技术分析,并提出了加强中远程空空中继链路、自主导航技术、智能化以及信息安全一体化设计研究等发展建议。     

基于零点配置的分力合成主动振动抑制方法研究(英文)

The component synthesis active vibration suppression method （CSVS） can be applied to suppress the vibration of flexible systems. By this method, several same or similar time-varying components are arranged according to certain rules along the time axis. The synthesized command can suppress the arbitrary unwanted vibration harmonic while achieving the desired rigid body motion. The number of the components increases rapidly when the number of harmonic vibration is growing. In this article, the CSVS based on zero-placement technique is used to construct the synthesized command to suppress the multi-harmonics simultaneously in the discrete domain. The nature of zero-placement method is to put enough zeros to cancel system poles at necessary points. The designed synthesized command has equal time intervals between each component and which is much easier to be implemented. Using this method, the number of components increases linearly with the increasing of the number of being suppressed harmonics. For the spacecraft with flexible appendages, CSVS based on zero-placement is used to design the time optimal large angle maneuver control strategy. Simulations have verified the validity and superiority of the proposed approach.     

GPS系统抗干扰性能及抗干扰技术分析

分析了GPS系统具有的抗干扰能力(包括抗宽带阻塞、窄带和单频噪声).针对GPS系统本身的弱点,详细分析了一些可以采用的抗干扰技术,如窄带干扰的删除方法、单频干扰的时域抵消和频域干扰抑制等,为研究GPS抗干扰技术提供了一定的参考.     

锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷主动元件在航天自适应桁架结构中的应用

阐明了PZT压电材料的正、逆压电效应以及相应的压电作动器的机电耦合原理。针对航天自适应桁架结构的特点，运用PZT压电作动器进行了振动抑制实验并取得了良好的效果。     

基于DDS+PLL的光源调制与功率稳定控制方法CSCD

量子传感器是基于量子操控技术的研究成果,一般具有高精度、小体积等优势。激光器是量子传感器的核心部件,有抽运和检测功能,激光器的稳定性对量子传感器具有重要的意义。提出了一种直接数字合成法(DDS)与锁相回路(PLL)相结合的方法,对激光器进行调制并抑制调制噪声,实现了激光器的稳定输出。基于现有小型量子传感器装置,在DDS生成4kHz参考信号的情况下实现了激光器电流8kHz调制,抑制了调制时调制电流信号噪声约8dB,并提高了激光器输出光功率的稳定性。     

Control and utilization of range-dependent beampattern with waveform diverse array radars

The transmit antenna beampattern of the phased array radar is only a function of angle, limiting its ability to discriminate the targets from the same direction. Recently, the waveform diverse array radars expand the angle-dependent beampattern to an angle-time-range-dependent three-dimensional function by modulating the frequencies/time delays/phases across different transmit antenna elements. In this respect, extra Degrees-of-Freedom (DOFs) in the range domain are achieved, which opens up an innovative way to fulfil the tasks with enhanced system performance by jointly using the angle and range information. This paper summaries the developments of waveform diverse radars, including the Frequency Diverse Array (FDA), the Space-Time-Circulating-Array (STCA), and the Element-Pulse-Coding (EPC) frameworks, with emphasis on the analysis of the range-dependent beampattern from the basic properties upon how it is controlled. Moreover, the most recent advances of utilizing such a range-dependent beampattern in target detection, parameter estimation and identifiability, clutter suppression, jammer suppression and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging are discussed.     

变弯度后缘与常规舵面机翼的颤振主动抑制对比

后缘变弯度机翼的气动弹性建模与稳定性分析日益受到关注。为了探究变弯度后缘相比常规偏转舵面机翼颤振主动抑制的方法与特点，以一个小展弦比后缘变弯度机翼为对象，首先建立结构有限元模型，并引入变弯度后缘变形模态和常规舵面偏转模态，采用亚声速偶极子格网法计算非定常气动力；然后使用基于最小状态法的有理函数拟合进行频域到时域模型的转换，建立两种构型机翼的气动弹性模型，并在建模时考虑了变弯度后缘与常规舵面控制带宽的差异；最后利用线性高斯二次型方法设计控制律进行颤振主动抑制，分析对比两种控制方式的特性差异。结果表明：采用变弯度后缘的闭环系统能够将颤振临界速度提高22%，其提升效果优于常规舵面，所需舵面偏转峰值更小。     

柔性机械臂关节作动的振动抑制方法和原理性验证

空间机械臂具有柔性大、振动频率低等特点，受激后振动的持续时间长、自然衰减慢。针对空间机械臂运行完成后留存的残余振动，采用固定界面子结构方法推导出关节转动与航天器-机械臂组合体振动的动力学显式关系。从中发现了控制关节转动并使其角速度正比于组合体振动的模态坐标，便能消耗组合体的机械能，加速组合体振动衰减的力学机理。据此，设计了逻辑关系简洁的机械臂关节角速度控制律，分别通过数值仿真和试验件实测对航天器-机械臂组合体的原理性模型开展了振动抑制效果的验证。结果表明:机械臂关节作动可以显著缩短受激后组合体残余振动的持续时间。     

基于单脉冲和差信号矢量的交叉眼干扰辨别方法

针对交叉眼干扰对单脉冲雷达测角的影响，分析了交叉眼干扰信号在单脉冲和差通道中的信号矢量情况，提出了基于单脉冲和差信号矢量的交叉眼干扰辨别方法。经仿真分析表明:该方法能够有效辨别交叉眼干扰。     

Star angle/ double-differenced pulse time of arrival integrated navigation method for Jupiter exploration

Pulsar navigation is a promising autonomous navigation system for spacecraft, which is applicable to the entire solar system. However, the pulsar’s directional error and the onboard clock error are two types of systematic errors that seriously reduce navigation accuracy. To solve this problem, a star angle/double-differenced pulse time of arrival(SA/DDTOA) integrated navigation method is proposed. Since measurements obtained by observing different pulsars contain the same clock errors, the measurements can be differed to eliminate the common clock error. Then, the pulsar-differenced measurements at neighbor filtering time can be differed to suppress the effect of the pulsar’s directional error on navigation precision. Star angle is used to obtain absolute navigation information, which denotes the angles between the light of sight of Jupiter and that of its background stars. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can eliminate the influence of the onboard clock error and greatly weaken the effects of the pulsar’s directional error. The navigation accuracy is better than the traditional star angle/pulse time of arrival integrated navigation method and star angle/pulse time difference of arrival integrated navigation method. In addition, the navigation accuracy of the SA/DDTOA integrated navigation method is less affected by Jupiter’s ephemeris error. This work greatly reduces the influence of common systematic errors in pulsar navigation on navigation accuracy.