聚酰亚胺薄膜与碳网格共固化基板成型工艺研究

为满足未来深空探测对航天器太阳翼基板更高的耐温性需求,提出一种新型的太阳翼基板成型工艺方法：聚酰亚胺薄膜与碳网格面板共固化成型。重点研究了聚酰亚胺薄膜与网格面板的剥离性能、网格面板的拉伸性能、蜂窝夹层结构的弯曲性能、共固化基板的耐温性能,并与J-133胶粘贴聚酰亚胺薄膜的传统工艺进行对比。结果表明,共固化工艺的聚酰亚胺薄膜剥离强度约为传统工艺的2倍,且在140℃下的各项力学性能保持率均大于87%,具有很好的耐温性;共固化基板在经历-100~140℃热真空试验后,外观质量及各项性能均合格,满足太阳翼基板耐140℃及以下空间环境的使用需求。     

Characteristics of the soil-like substrates produced with a novel technique combining aerobic fermentation and earthworm treatment

The soil-like substrate (SLS) technique is key for improving the closure of bioregenerative life support system (BLSS) by recycling the inedible biomass of higher plants. In this study, a novel SLS technique (NSLST) was proposed: aerobic fermentations at 35 °C for 1 day, then 60 °C for 6 days, finally 30 °C for 3 days, followed by earthworm treatment for 70 days. Comparing with the original SLS technique (OSLST), its process cycle was 13 days shorter, and the dry weight loss rate (81.1%) was improved by 24.77%. The cellulose and lignin degradation rates were 96.6% and 94.6%. The concentrations of available N, P and K in mature SLS were respectively 776.1 mg/L, 348.0 mg/L and 7943.0 mg/L. Low CH₄ and NH₃ production was observed, but no accumulation. According to the seed germination test, the SLSs were feasible for plant growth. This investigation will provide a preliminary foundation for BLSS design.     

氧化铝的直接电镀

讨论了在氧化铝基板上的厚膜应用领域中采取直接电镀的方法。研究了建立在钯涂层、碳涂层和导电聚合物基础上的三种直接电镀的方法，测定和比较了它们与传统电镀／ 化学镀技术的操作步序、电镀速度和膜层结合力等技术指标。     

Comparison of three soil-like substrate production techniques for a bioregenerative life support system

It is very important to recycle the inedible biomass of higher plants to improve the closure of bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). Processing candidate higher plant residues into the soil-like substrate (SLS) as the plant growth medium is a promising way to achieve. In this study, three different processing techniques of SLSs, using residues of wheat and rice as feedstock, were compared. As for the first traditional technique, SLS1 was obtained by successive conversion of wheat straw by oyster mushrooms and worms. In the other two methods, SLSs were produced with aerobic fermentation (SLS2) or anaerobic fermentation (SLS3) followed by worm conversion. The changes in SLS cellulose, lignin, available elements and pH were measured during the production processes. The maturity was evaluated by the value of C/N. The fertilities were compared in terms of available elements contents and lettuce productivities. The results indicated that the second technique was optimal, whose process cycle was 30 days less than that of SLS1. The total cellulose and lignin degradation of SLS2, achieved 98.6% and 93.1% during the 93-days-processing, and the lettuce productivity reached 12.0 g m⁻² day⁻¹.     

硅基ZnO薄膜组织形貌的研究

本文采用自行设计PECVD的设备生长ZnO薄膜,以在等离子体作用下的CO2/H2作为氧源,Zn(C2H5)2为锌源,N2为载气,在Si(111)衬底上生长ZnO薄膜,衬底温度分别为400℃、450℃。使用原子力显微镜和带能谱的环境扫描电镜分析这两个ZnO薄膜样品的表面和断面组织形貌。实验结果表明,衬底温度直接影响薄膜的结晶质量。在衬底温度为450℃时生长薄膜样品,晶粒之间存在有规律的聚集,主要按六方环结构排布,比在衬底温度为400℃生长的薄膜的晶粒之间的聚集更有规律,这与XRD测试结果相吻合;薄膜的断面组织形貌图也进一步证实了在衬底温度为450℃时生长的ZnO薄膜,C轴高度择优取向。从薄膜的断面组织形貌图还可以看到,薄膜与单晶硅衬底之间界面几乎是一条直线,样品经过高温退火处理,薄膜未出现裂纹或卷起,说明薄膜与单晶硅之间存在一定的化学键合。     

Dynamic Analysis of Contact Bounce of Aerospace Relay Based on Finite Difference Method

Contact bounce of relay, which is the main cause of electric abrasion and material erosion, is inevitable. By using the mode expansion form, the dynamic behavior of two different reed systems for aerospace relays is analyzed. The dynamic model uses Euler-Bernoulli beam theory for cantilever beam, in which the driving force (or driving moment) of the electromagnetic system is taken into account, and the contact force between moving contact and stationary contact is simulated by the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic contact model. Analytical results have been complemented by the finite difference calculation of the nonlinear partial differential equations of reed system. The calculation results indicate that with the driving force (or driving moment) being increased, the closing time of contact is decreased, but the maximum bouncing displacement and bouncing time tend to be decreased first and then increased, which means that there are minimum values of maximum bouncing displacement and bouncing time. The closing time of contact, the maximum bouncing displacement, and bouncing time all tend to be decreasing with the pushrod being approaching the contact. The model can be used as design tool to improve relay performance and reduce contact bounce.     

基于概率反弹碰撞模型的进气粒子分离器两相流数值模拟

通过5点Gauss-Hermite积分拟合粒子与固壁碰撞后,反弹速度和角度的概率密度分布试验数据,建立粒子与固体碰撞/概率反弹模型.将该模型应用于直升机用整体式预旋与非预旋进气粒子分离器气固两相流场数值模拟,并与另外两种常用的粒子与固壁碰撞反弹模型(平均恢复系数模型、完全弹性碰撞模型)的计算结果进行了对比.结果表明:上述3种碰撞模型都能较好地预测AC粗砂的分离效率;对于C级砂,基于完全弹性碰撞模型的预测结果则过低;基于平均恢复系数模型的预测结果明显偏高,有预旋时尤其明显;而基于概率反弹模型的预测结果处于两者之间,与试验结果吻合更好.      

沉积参数对磁控溅射镀金膜膜层残余应力与微观形貌的影响

残余应力直接影响镀膜膜层的稳定性与可靠性。为减小薄膜的残余应力,提高镀膜膜层的可靠性,在不同溅射气压、不同镀膜温度条件下,在熔融石英基底上进行了直流磁控溅射镀金膜试验。通过基片曲率法得到薄膜的残余应力,采用激光平面干涉仪对基片的形变进行测试,对不同工艺参数下膜层的残余应力进行分析,并采用扫描电镜对膜层的表面形貌进行测试。通过试验可知,磁控溅射镀膜膜层的残余应力随镀膜温度的升高而升高,在一定工作气压范围内（0.2Pa~0.6Pa)随溅射气压的增加而降低。电镜测试结果表明,常温镀膜晶粒的尺寸约为30nm,180℃镀膜晶粒的尺寸增长至近100nm。镀膜温度越高,薄膜的微观结构越致密。     

工艺条件的改变对用大气开放式MOCVD方法制备TiO2薄膜的影响

采用大气开放式金属有机化合物化学气相沉积方法(AP-MOCVD),以四异丙醇钛(TTIP)为原料,改变反应物气化温度、沉积温度、基片与喷嘴的距离、载气流速4种工艺条件在玻璃基片上制备TiO2薄膜.实验结果表明沉积温度主要影响薄膜的物相结构,当沉积温度在300 ℃时沉积物是无定形的;沉积温度为350℃和400℃时,薄膜由单一的锐钛矿相构成;沉积温度在450℃时出现了少量金红石;继续升高沉积温度金红石的量逐渐增加.气化温度、基片与喷嘴的距离、载气流速这3个工艺条件主要影响薄膜的形貌和沉积难易程度.基片类型对薄膜沉积没有影响.     

磁控溅射DLC/SiC/Ti多层膜对镁合金摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用室温磁控溅射技术在镁合金(AZ91D)表面制备DLC/SiC/Ti(类金刚石/碳化硅/钛)多层膜(SiC,Ti为中间层),研究了薄膜的纳米压痕行为和膜基系统的摩擦磨损性能.试验结果表明:DLC薄膜具有低的纳米硬度(4.01GPa)和低的弹性模量(40.53GPa),但具有高的硬弹比(0.10);膜基系统具有好的摩擦磨损性能;在以氮化硅球为对磨件的室温干摩擦条件下摩擦系数平均约为0.19,与镁合金相比,磨损速率低了约三个数量级,膜基系统经3.5h磨损后,未出现裂纹和剥落,显著改善了镁合金的抗磨损性能.