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281.
Julia Sluzenski Chiara Meneghetti Timothy McNamara 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2013,13(3):205-225
Abstract We investigated the influence of environmental axes in a baseball field. In Experiment 1, participants walked either a path in the prototypical orientation (home plate to second base) or one which was rotated 225°. Recall for object locations was best when participants imagined themselves aligned with axes salient from the experienced orientation. In Experiment 2, when learning was through a route text, there was less of an influence of environmental axes. In Experiment 3, when participants walked both paths, memories were good for the atypical orientation, suggesting that task-specific spatial cues can be more influential than a prior conceptual north. 相似文献
282.
Steven A. Marchette Megan W. Sever Jonathan I. Flombaum Amy L. Shelton 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2013,13(4):308-328
Perhaps the signature feature of working memory is that it is limited. In the same subjects, we used two different retrieval tasks to independently measure two different limits of spatial memory. Precision was measured by asking participants to localize a missing target item among a field of other targets and distracters. Capacity was measured with a similar task where participants identified, rather than localized, a set of remembered targets from within a larger set of identical items. Across participants, the precision of localization was positively correlated with the number of successfully retrieved items. These data suggest that an individual's representational capacity may ultimately be constrained by their ability to form precise representations of space. 相似文献
283.
Alejandra Barrera Gonzalo Tejera Martin Llofriu Alfredo Weitzenfeld 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2013,13(1):27-59
In his landmark article, Richard Morris (1981) introduced a set of rat experiments intended “to demonstrate that rats can rapidly learn to locate an object that they can never see, hear, or smell provided it remains in a fixed spatial location relative to distal room cues” (p. 239). These experimental studies have greatly impacted our understanding of rat spatial cognition. In this article, we address a spatial cognition model primarily based on hippocampus place cell computation where we extend the prior Barrera–Weitzenfeld model (2008) intended to allow navigation in mazes containing corridors. The current work extends beyond the limitations of corridors to enable navigation in open arenas where a rat may move in any direction at any time. The extended work reproduces Morris's rat experiments through virtual rats that search for a hidden platform using visual cues in a circular open maze analogous to the Morris water maze experiments. We show results with virtual rats comparing them to Morris's original studies with rats. 相似文献
284.
Ernest Davis 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2013,13(4):264-294
Abstract Simple natural language texts and narratives often raise problems in commonsense spatial knowledge and reasoning of surprising logical complexity and geometric richness. In this article, I consider a dozen short texts—five taken from literature, the remainder contrived as illustrations—and discuss the spatial reasoning involved in understanding them. I conclude by summarizing their common features, and by tentatively drawing some morals for research in this area. 相似文献
285.
本文介绍了头部旋转对大迎角不对称涡系影响的观测结果,说明了由此而抑制大迎角不对称涡系的机理。 实验结果表明,头部旋转对细长体无侧滑大迎角不对称涡系涡迹的影响是:随头部的逐渐转动,涡系的不对称发生了周期性变化;此时,由于涡不可能迅速改变状态,从而抑制、甚至接近消除了大迎角时出现的涡系不对称现象。 相似文献
286.
激光空间流动显示及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍激光空间流动显示技术及其在复杂流动中的应用。着重介绍了作者在激光诱导荧光流动显示(LIF)技术的研究和应用。较系统地讨论了若干原理和技术问题,并提供了一些实际应用的典型的流态照片。 相似文献
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289.
应用空间算子代数理论,研究机械多体系统广义质量的结构特点,研究表明广义质量可初步表示为:M=HφMφ*H*,并进一步表示为:M=[I+HφK]D[I HφK]^*,其逆矩阵可表示为:M^-1=[I-HψK]^*D^-1[I-HψK]。这种表示与牛顿第二运动定律和欧拉定律相互对应,具有简洁的数学表达和明确的物理意义,广义质量是正,反向动力学的重要参量,是联系旋量力和旋量加速度的桥梁,其理论依根源自通过旋量整合的牛顿第二运动定律和欧拉定律,即d^2β/dt^2=M^tT′,旋量加速度等广义质量的逆左乘旋量力,据此可形成对旋量加速度的高效递推算法,并为下一时刻的φ,H,P,D,G,K等参数的正向动力学计算作准备。 相似文献
290.
Qi Wang Holly A. Taylor Tad T. Brunyé Keith B. Maddox 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2014,14(1):58-89
People use spatial and nonspatial information to structure memory for an environment. Two experiments explored interactions between spatial and social categories on map memory when mediated by retrieval (Experiment 1) and encoding (Experiment 2) demands. Participants studied a map depicting business locations (including proprietors' race). In Experiment 1, participants completed two memory tasks, one globally focused and the other locally focused. The global task compressed, while the local task expanded, within-category similarity. Furthermore, processing styles carried over to the subsequent task. Experiment 2 emphasized either the spatial or social category during encoding, which increased that category's weighting in memory. These results extend the work of Maddox, Rapp, Brion, and Taylor, suggesting that retrieval and encoding demands can shift how these categories affect spatial memory. 相似文献