局部空间-时间显著性的表达过程蕴涵对空间显著性的表达

建立的基于独立成分分析进行特征提取器的学习,进而模拟人类对视觉信息的局部空间-时间显著性的表达过程的计算模型,蕴涵了对局部空间显著性的有效表达;从而当据其设计为机器人主动视觉的注意机制的视线控制而用的算法,可以同一个处理过程适用于动态场景或静态场景的情形。对获自动态场景的特征提取器的频率特性的分析,揭示了此种内在的包含性的成因;算法的实验结果显示了局部空间-时间显著性表达过程对静态场景的局部空间显著性可有效表达。     

Choice zones: architecturally relevant areas of interest

A new type of area of interest (AOI) termed “choice zones” is proposed, that is relevant for eye tracking research in the built environment. Choice zones are an ex ante measure; this is in contrast to many existing definitions of AOIs which are data-driven. Choice zones are defined algorithmically using space-geometric parameters. The validity of the concept is tested against fixation data from an urban navigation experiment in which participants chose between alternative paths. Findings show that choice zones account for 90% of the fixations clusters. The merit of the measure for applied studies in built environment research is discussed.     

领域本体的自动维护研究

针对领域本体维护的重要性与合并本体存在的异构本体及不一致性错误等问题,提出了一种基于本体合并的领域本体自动维护方法,对相关实现过程作了详细介绍,重点给出了概念的相似性匹配算法.该算法通过计算概念的定义、实例、属性、关系及推理的相似度,得到了本体中概念之间的相似度.本文还探讨了本体不一致性的错误,分析了概念间的上下位关系、非通用关系及相关特性的不一致,并给出了解决方案.实验结果表明,该方法具有一定的实用性和可靠性,能够得到较正确的领域本体的维护结果,并能够解决相关不一致的错误.     

Relation algebras over containers and surfaces: An ontological study of a room space

Recent research in geographic information systems hasbeen concerned with the construction of algebras tomake inferences about spatial relations by embeddingspatial relations within a space in which decisionsabout compositions are derived geometrically. Wepursue an alternative approach by studying spatialrelations and their inferences in a concrete spatialscenario, a room space that contains such manipulableobjects as a box, a ball, a table, a sheet of paper,and a pen. We derive from the observed spatialproperties an algebra related to the fundamentalspatial concepts of containers and surfaces and showthat this container-surface algebra holds allproperties of Tarski's relation algebra, except forthe associativity. The crispness of the compositionscan be refined by considering the relative size of theobjects) and their roles (i.e., whether it isexplicitly known that the objects are containers orsurfaces).     

A uniform anthropomorphological approach to the human conception of dimensional relations

Within psycholinguistics, the dimensional conception of space is described through a variety of theoretical constructs, e.g., frames of reference, perspectives, strategies, and patterns. The objective of this paper is to introduce a uniform classification of the alternatives of dimensionally conceiving of object relations, derived from the functional and morphological asymmetries of the human body which define an anthropomorphous Origo, and from our ability to mentally project the Origo into positions and orientations other than we actually occupy. Particularly, the conception of dimensional relations on the first horizontal line is explained through the principle of perceptual accessibility of objects; this allows for the uniform treatment of (almost) all conceptual alternatives from basic psychological principles. Finally, some implications of this anthropomorphological view for the human cognition of dimensional relations are discussed and underpinned with empirical results.     

Young Children's Perception of Diagrammatic Representations

Diagrams and pictorial representations are common in children's lives and require abstraction away from visual perception. In three experiments, we investigated 4- to 8-year-olds’ comprehension of such representations. In Experiment 1 (N = 80), children were shown photographs of geometric objects and asked to choose the corresponding line drawing from among sets of four, or vice versa. Results showed considerable developmental progression, especially around age 6. Experiment 2 (N = 16) ruled out that 4-year-olds’ difficulties were due to problems with the visual matching task itself. Experiment 3 (N = 32) showed comparable performance for matching diagrams to 3D objects rather than to photographs. Findings suggest increasing understanding of diagrammatic representations around the time of school entry.     

线阵CCD在风洞轨迹测量试验技术中的应用研究

针对风洞试验中轨迹测量问题,设计了由3个一维线阵CCD成像单元组成的实时空间位移测量系统。提出了一种基于特征边缘提取的组合特征定位WBT算法,可以有效提高系统精确度和抗振动干扰能力。应用该系统在风洞中测量了覆冰导线的舞动轨迹,完成了导线舞动规律研究。     

组合服务控制流测试

结合Web服务本体语言(OWL-S,Web Ontology Language for Services)和线性时态逻辑理论(LTL, Linear Temporal Logic),研究用于测试的组合服务流程形式化描述方法和动态测试信息分析方法.将OWL-S作为组合服务的需求参考模型,采用组合服务标准和形式化描述方法相结合的方式,用线性时态逻辑刻画OWL-S控制结构的动态语义,明确地表示出控制结构中各成分的执行顺序.进一步用线性时态逻辑公式集合描述组合服务的控制流需求,从而使原子服务的交互模式有了明确的表示.基于这种交互模式表示,采用LTL在有限状态序列上的语义,对组合服务实现执行过程中获取的动态信息进行分析,测试组合服务实现的执行过程与组合服务控制流需求的一致性.     

基于本体的语义相似在维修案例推理中应用

案例推理(CBR,Case-Based Reasoning)方法基于历史经验对新问题进行求解,适于飞机维修保障的知识表达和应用.针对飞机维修保障过程中涉及故障记录、诊断分析、维修处理等诸多方面和专业的特点,对相关信息和专业知识的分类方式及相互关系进行了讨论,给出维修保障领域知识和案例知识定义.通过面向对象分析方法建立了产品、故障模式、故障原因和数据字典等领域知识的本体模型,实现知识的一致性描述;重点对案例本体构建和检索进行了研究,基于领域本体结构的深度和出度计算案例特征的语义相似性,给出维修保障案例匹配方法,在此基础上开发了飞机维修保障知识管理系统并给出应用实例.