Assessment of between-floor structural and topological properties on cognitive map development in multilevel built environments

The present study investigated cognitive map development in multilevel built environments. Three experiments were conducted in complex virtual buildings to examine the effects of five between-floor structural factors that may impede the accuracy of humans’ ability to build multilevel cognitive maps. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 (of three experiments) revealed that difficulties in developing multilevel cognitive maps are not solely caused by the z-axis offset, as is suggested in the literature, but are due to the factorial combination of a between-floor overlap and a z-axis offset. Results from Experiment 2 showed that this process becomes substantially more difficult when the reference directions between different floors have an angular offset from each other. Finally, results from Experiment 3 demonstrated that confusing between-floor heading shifts in aligned buildings did not make it reliably harder to build multilevel cognitive maps. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of theories of mental representations in multilayered three-dimensional spaces, as well as for architectural design.     

Coordinating signs and eye gaze in the depiction of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and L2 signers of Norwegian Sign Language

The current study investigates the coordination of signs and eye gaze during depictions of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and second language (L2) signers of Norwegian Sign Language. First, findings show that fluent and L2 signers make different choices regarding the perspective they use to depict spatial scenes. Second, there is variation within and across groups in relation to how eye gaze is directed during these depictions. Findings suggest that eye gaze is used to establish a vantage point upon a depicted scene, but L2 learners may not always engage in this type of coordination. This study contributes to our understanding of how visual perspective is depicted in signed languages and has implications for signed language pedagogy.     

实数域中的投影法及其在单次快摄阵处理中的应用

阵列处理中计算简单的投影法避免了矩阵特征分解(ＥＶＤ)的庞大计算量,然而仍需进行复数计算。为了进一步减小计算量,提出一种实数域中的投影法,它将投影矩阵及空间谱的计算均简化为实数的计算,从而。使阵处理的计算量大大减少,而且使估计性能保持不变。计算机模拟与实际外场实验数据的计算结果表明了算法的有效性。     

基于双时相遥感影像差异信息的深度学习滑坡检测

目前利用高分辨率卫星影像进行滑坡等地质灾害识别逐渐成为研究热点,滑坡目视解译依赖于解译人员的经验,耗时费力且提取精度低,而传统的滑坡自动识别方法易将滑坡和道路、裸地、建筑等多种具有相似光谱信息的地物混淆。针对以上问题,文章使用一种双时相高分辨率卫星影像差异信息的深度学习滑坡检测算法,获取时序影像各个波段和归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI）的差异影像作为深度学习的输入特征。为充分挖掘滑坡前后影像多种信息差异特征,采用了U-net网络模型耦合空洞空间金字塔池化和嵌入注意力机制模块相结合进行滑坡特征提取的方法,该方法增强了滑坡边界信息的保存,能够有效地提取滑坡边界信息和发生剧烈变化的区域。利用上述方法对恩施市和九寨沟进行了滑坡检测,实验结果显示,所取得的综合评价指标值（F1-Score）分别为88.4%和90.53%,误差较小、精度较高。表明该方法能够准确检测出高分卫星数据的滑坡边界,且能保持滑坡的完整性。     

基于事件驱动的容积卡尔曼滤波定位算法

以网络化非线性滤波系统为研究对象,为了平衡系统的通信率和滤波精度之间的矛盾,引入随机事件驱动（stochastic event-triggered）的思想,并在此基础上建立了基于残差检测的事件驱动（detected event-triggered）模型。针对系统的强非线性,将线性随机事件驱动滤波系统中的更新结论推广至非线性系统,推导了两种事件驱动机制在容积卡尔曼滤波（CKF）算法框架中的滤波更新过程,得到了检测事件驱动CKF（DECKF）和随机事件驱动CKF（SECKF）两种算法。最后,通过天基平台空间目标跟踪问题对算法性能进行检验。仿真结果表明,当通信率下降20.64%时,DECKF算法的位置跟踪精度和速度跟踪精度相比标准CKF仅下降了5.50%和7.74%。此外,在通信率相同的情形下,DECKF比SECKF的精度高40%以上,证明检测事件驱动模式优于随机事件驱动模式。     

基于三维最小二乘方法的空间直线度误差评定

空间直线度误差是评定机械产品精度的一项重要指标,实际工程中对空间直线度误差评定算法的精度要求越来越高.为了准确评定空间直线度误差,参照国家标准(GB/T 11336—2004),采用三维最小二乘方法建立了空间直线拟合的数学模型,并给出了该数学模型的精确解.基于最小二乘拟合中线,采用空间投影、坐标变换和格点法求得最小二乘中线包容圆柱面直径.采用数值算例验证了新方法的有效性.提出的空间直线度误差评定方法精度高、鲁棒性好且易于编程实现.     

雷达空域反隐身效能分析

随着隐身技术在现代武器装备中的应用越来越广泛,对预警探测系统反隐身能力的要求越来越高。基于雷达空域反隐身的基本原理,以雷达接收信噪比改善因子、雷达作用距离增大程度和雷达发现概率增大程度为指标,对雷达空域反隐身的效能进行了分析。雷达从隐身飞机的侧翼进行探测能够有效增大隐身飞机的雷达散射截面积,从而较好地实现反隐身目的。     

基于波导空间固态功率合成的微组装工艺研究

结合空间合成技术的发展,开展波导空间固态功率合成微组装工艺技术研究,突破和掌握了波导空间合成大功率组件的关键技术。经过试制功率样件验证,波导空间固态功率合成微组装工艺可行,并获得了良好的合成功率输出。     

基于用户自定义变更的本体进化

提出一种基于用户自定义变更的本体进化方法。首先给出了该方法的形式化描述,建立了本体一致性模型和原子变更及冲突消解方法,然后对用户自定义变更模型进行语义描述,将用户自定义变更转换成原子变更,并对其进行了优化。最后给出了用户自定义变更及优化的实例。结果表明:本方法可以很好地满足本体进化过程中用户的复杂需求,并实现了本体变更的形式化描述,解决了各种变更中的冲突问题。