微振动对干涉仪运动机构均匀性的影响分析

外界振动对双角镜摆臂式傅里叶变换干涉仪（下简称干涉仪）运动机构速度均匀性的影响,可以通过干涉仪光程差速度稳定度来定量分析。文章针对空间光谱探测过程中,在轨微振动影响下的干涉仪运动机构可靠性问题,提出了一种更全面的光程差速度均匀性分析方法。该方法将外界激励引起的干涉仪结构响应作为一项影响因素纳入到稳定性的分析中,从而能够更真实地反映干涉仪在轨工作的可靠性,更准确地判断干涉仪能够承受的微振动临界。文章论述的方法为外界激励扰动下机构运动可靠性的判断以及机构控制优化的研究提供了一种思路。     

镜像综合孔径微波辐射成像原理验证实验研究

为验证镜像综合孔径微波辐射成像的原理,设计了V波段镜像综合孔径辐射成像原理实验系统(MAS-V),介绍了系统组成及原理并进行了电暖器辐射成像及空间分辨率实验,电暖器热辐射部分清晰可见,且轮廓与光学图像结果一致。实验结果表明:镜像综合孔径微波辐射成像的原理正确。对于相同的天线阵列,镜像综合孔径的空间分辨率优于常规综合孔径,约为其2倍。若增大反射板与天线阵列的距离,镜像综合孔径的空间分辨率将进一步提高。研究结果为镜像综合孔径微波辐射成像方法应用于静止轨道大气遥感提供了参考。     

Interactivity in map learning: The effect of cognitive load

The hypothesis that active learning is beneficial relative to passive observation was assessed in the context of spatial knowledge derived from maps. Active and passive participants studied a map either while performing a simultaneous spatial tapping task (high cognitive load) or in the absence of this task (low cognitive load). Active participants controlled how the map was learned, with passive participants observing map learning without exercising control. Spatial recall was assessed in two tests, directional judgements and map drawing. Map drawing and directional judgments showed a similar pattern of results, with performance detrimentally affected by a high load for active participants, but not for passive participants. The results indicate that activity and cognitive load interact, suggesting that active learning can be detrimental to spatial learning in cognitively demanding tasks.     

Wayfinding Through Orientation

Dominant approaches in computer-assisted wayfinding support adhere to the deeply problematic principles of turn-by-turn navigation. In this article, we suggest a new approach called “Wayfinding Through Orientation,” which supports the acquisition of spatial knowledge and cognitive mapping for advancing the user’s spatial orientation. Being oriented on one’s way is a prerequisite to enabling people to verify instructions and to incorporate new spatial information into their existing knowledge structure. In three studies described in this article we first present empirical evidence that people can be supported in survey knowledge acquisition through suitable wayfinding instructions. Consequently, we explore orientation information in human wayfinding instructions. Finally, we outline how orientation information can be communicated within a prototypically implemented navigation assistance system.     

空间曲柄摇杆扑翼机构设计分析

为了提高扑翼机构两侧运动支链的运动对称性,进而扑翼增强飞行器滚转稳定性,分析了平面曲柄摇杆扑翼机构运动不称的原因,提出并构建了一种空间曲柄摇杆扑翼机构.计算仿真和样机试验结果表明,与平面空间摇杆扑翼机构相比,两翼扑动对称性有所提高;试飞实验表明在扑翼飞行器中采用空间曲柄摇杆扑翼机构能够使提高滚转稳定性.该空间曲柄摇杆扑翼机构结构紧能够满足构建小型扑翼飞行器的需要.      

数字散斑干涉在振动测量中的应用

在动态测试领域中,数字散斑干涉技术常用到的相位处理方法有时问平均法和空间载波相移法.空间载波相移法因其简单性和实用性,被应用于双脉冲散斑干涉测量中.     

不可压平板边界层转捩机理

基于扰动形式N-S方程,从空间模式的角度,采用Fourier伪谱及MPI(massage passing interface)并行方法,模拟了不可压平板边界层从层流到湍流的转捩过程.通过对计算统计数据的分析,比较了不同幅值入口扰动引起的转捩过程的同异.研究结果表明:当层流中扰动幅值逐渐增大后,非线性作用将修正平均流剖面,表现为不稳定区域逐渐扩大,很多高次谐波被激发.当平均流剖面被修正到一定程度时,不稳定区域变得很大,这使得更多的高次谐波被快速激发并迅速增长,即转捩过程开始.由于大量谐波快速增长导致扰动能量快速增长,同时,扰动能量的快速增长又进一步加速了平均流剖面的快速修正,即平均流剖面的不稳定特性发生了改变,这样的相互作用使得层流快速变为湍流,因此,平均流剖面不稳定特性的改变在转捩过程中起到了关键作用.      

一种三维空间9-交模型的简化方法

9-交模型是一种表达三维空间拓扑关系的常用方法,但存在着冗余度大等问题。本文在Z latanova简化9-交模型工作的基础上,定义了点、线、面和体等简单三维空间对象,对它们之间的拓扑关系进行了研究。排除各种不可能的情况,共总结出24种可能的9-交结果以及80种点线面体之间的拓扑关系,并进行归类得到55种拓扑分析操作,从而大大简化了原模型。以线与体的拓扑关系分析为例,给出了根据简化以后的9-交模型进行拓扑分析操作的具体算法实现。     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.