单天基平台测向的空间非合作目标跟踪

针对仅含角度测量信息的单个天基平台可观测性较弱的问题,提出了一种含脉冲机动检测的空间非合作目标跟踪算法,并设计了非合作目标实时跟踪数据处理流程.该算法利用抗差估计技术和UKF（Unscented Kalman Filter,无迹卡尔曼滤波）算法构造目标跟踪滤波器,并综合残差多项式拟合和新息分布特征等方法实现目标机动检测,在天基平台观测信息类型有限和观测几何较差的情况下,可以同时排除孤立野值和成片测量野值的影响,实现非合作机动目标的连续稳定跟踪.数值实验验证了算法的可行性和有效性,也表明了跟踪精度和可靠性与测量精度密切相关.     

Training effectiveness evaluation of helicopter emergency relief based on virtual simulation

Helicopters are playing an increasingly important part in emergency relief, such as earthquake rescue, firefighting and medical transport. With the development of virtual simulation technology, virtual simulation-based training is widely used in the training of the helicopter crew especially for the dangerous and costly missions mentioned above. A complete training effectiveness evaluation method is proposed to evaluate the trainees’ training effect based on virtual simulation in this paper. A key to this method is regarding the complicated process as a discrete event-activity flow system and establishing the evaluation indicator system. Then expert group and Analytical Network Process (ANP) are applied to determine the weight of indicators. When the training data are processed, there is a novel attempt to apply Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) model to calculate the two categories of indicators. Eventually, an experiment and the analysis were carried out to validate the evaluation method.     

飞机带外挂对称结构振型局部化的参数影响

本文在文〔１〕研究的基础上，详细分析了飞机左右对称子结构间的耦合度以及外挂联接刚度失调量的大小等因素对振型局部化程度的影响。通过具体的数据揭示了各参数对局部化程序的影响规律。     

Physical characterization of the deep-space debris WT1190F: A testbed for advanced SSA techniques

We report on extensive ${\mathit{BVR}}_c{I}_c$ photometry and low-resolution ($\lambda /\mathrm{\Delta }\lambda ～250$) spectroscopy of the deep-space debris WT1190F, which impacted Earth offshore from Sri Lanka, on 2015 November 13. In spite of its likely artificial origin (as a relic of some past lunar mission), the case offered important points of discussion for its suggestive connection with the envisaged scenario for a (potentially far more dangerous) natural impactor, like an asteroid or a comet.Our observations indicate for WT1190F an absolute magnitude $R_c={32.45}_{\pm 0.31}$, with a flat dependence of reflectance on the phase angle, such as ${\mathit{dR}}_c/d?～{0.007}_{\pm 2}$?mag?deg^?1. The detected short-timescale variability suggests that the body was likely spinning with a period twice the nominal figure of $P_{\mathrm{flash}}={1.4547}_{\pm 0.0005}\mathrm{s}$, as from the observed lightcurve. In the ${\mathit{BVR}}_c{I}_c$ color domain, WT1190F closely resembled the Planck deep-space probe. This match, together with a depressed reflectance around 4000 and 8500 Å may be suggestive of a “grey” (aluminized) surface texture.The spinning pattern remained in place also along the object fiery entry in the atmosphere, a feature that may have partly shielded the body along its fireball phase perhaps leading a large fraction of its mass to survive intact, now lying underwater along a tight ($～1\times 80$?km) strip of sea, at a depth of 1500?m or less.Under the assumption of Lambertian scatter, an inferred size of ${216}_{\pm 30}/\sqrt{\alpha /0.1}$?cm is obtained for WT1190F. By accounting for non-gravitational dynamical perturbations, the Area-to-Mass ratio of the body was in the range $(0.006?\mathit{AMR}?0.011)$?m²?kg^?1.Both these figures resulted compatible with the two prevailing candidates to WT1190F’s identity, namely the Athena II Trans-Lunar Injection Stage of the Lunar Prospector mission, and the ascent stage of the Apollo 10 lunar module, callsign “Snoopy”. Both candidates have been analyzed in some detail here through accurate 3D CAD design mockup modelling and BRDF reflectance rendering to derive the inherent photometric properties to be compared with the observations.     

Association of optical tracklets from a geosynchronous belt survey via the direct Bayesian admissible region approach

The direct Bayesian admissible region approach is an a priori state free measurement association and initial orbit determination technique for optical tracks. In this paper, we test a hybrid approach that appends a least squares estimator to the direct Bayesian method on measurements taken at the Zimmerwald Observatory of the Astronomical Institute at the University of Bern. Over half of the association pairs agreed with conventional geometric track correlation and least squares techniques. The remaining pairs cast light on the fundamental limits of conducting tracklet association based solely on dynamical and geometrical information.     

基于时域光度探测的卫星频率特性反演研究

卫星的行为特性、意图判断、健康状态诊断等对于空间态势感知具有重要意义,而传统的探测手段无法确定在轨卫星是否正常运行。时域光度探测作为一种新型遥感探测技术,利用高速、低噪声的探测器对卫星机动调制的光学信号进行采样,解调后可反演卫星频率、振动等特性。文章针对低轨卫星目标,首先建立基于形态学滤波来抑制自然天体干扰的空间目标跟踪定位模型,获取目标时域光度信息,再采用频谱分析方法,获取目标频率特性与运行特征。结果表明,文章提出的时域光度探测技术,在卫星频率特性反演和卫星运行状态识别方面具有较好的应用前景。     

基于模糊集理论的航空四站装备综合性能评价研究

利用模糊综合评价的原理,在考虑四站装备的各种性能指标和装备综合性能的基础上,建立四站装备的综合评价数学模型,得出四站装备综合评价值,追求航空四站装备综合效益,为科学评价四站装备综合性能提供理论依据。     

试论情景意识在空中交通管制中的具体应用

空中交通管制活动的重要性和复杂性决定了管制员必须具有较高的情景意识水平。本文结合笔者在实际管制工作中的体会,从对管制员自我的认知、对空中动态的掌握、对空域信息的管理、对陆空通话的加强、对团队合作的优化等方面简单谈一谈情景意识在管制工作中的具体应用。     

基于故障树的飞机结构腐蚀损伤模糊综合评判

针对飞机结构腐蚀损伤分析和评价过程中影响因素复杂且具有模糊性的问题,提出了基于故障树分析和模糊理论的方法对飞机结构在复杂环境下发生的腐蚀损伤进行综合评判.对飞机结构腐蚀损伤过程和机理进行分析,构建飞机结构腐蚀损伤故障树,建立腐蚀损伤影响因素的评判集;计算各评判因素的相对概率重要度,根据评判因素相对概率重要度的比重,建立评判因素权重集;确定飞机结构腐蚀损伤的评价集,建立从评判因素集到评价集的模糊映射;通过模糊关系的模糊变换,对服役环境引起飞机结构的腐蚀损伤进行定量评价.通过飞机铝合金结构和不锈钢结构在沿海环境条件下腐蚀损伤评判的实例分析,证明了该方法的有效性,可为飞机结构设计和维修提供依据.     

基于多相滤波的跨信道宽带信号处理技术

首先介绍了实信号的多相滤波信道化体制,讨论了该体制下宽带信号跨信道接收时的信号检测技术以及邻信道虚假信号消除技术。然后详细讨论了各种跨信道宽带信号恢复算法,考虑到可行性和FPGA的硬件可实现性,选用综合滤波器算法进行宽带接收。最后通过MATLAB仿真验证算法的有效性。