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531.
Ryu Funase Yoji ShirasawaYuya Mimasu Osamu MoriYuichi Tsuda Takanao SaikiJun’ichiro Kawaguchi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
This paper introduces a new attitude control system for a solar sail, which leverages solar radiation pressure. This novel system achieves completely fuel-free and oscillation-free attitude control of a flexible spinning solar sail. This system consists of thin-film-type devices that electrically control their optical parameters such as reflectivity to generate an imbalance in the solar radiation pressure applied to the edge of the sail. By using these devices, minute and continuous control torque can be applied to the sail to realize very stable and fuel-free attitude control of the large and flexible membrane. The control system was implemented as an optional attitude control system for small solar power sail demonstrator named IKAROS (Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun). In-orbit attitude control experiments were conducted, and the performance of the controller was successfully verified in comparison with the ground-based analytical performance estimation. 相似文献
532.
基于有限元法和断裂力学理论,借助有限元软件ABAQUS计算了某整体壁板纵向裂纹的J积分。考虑了几何非线性,并与未考虑几何非线性所得结果进行了对比,对于不同的内压下以及不同蒙皮厚度情况下的结果进行了分析,结果表明几何非线性对机身壁板纵向裂纹裂尖J积分有明显的影响。 相似文献
533.
Nicholas W. Watkins Daniel Credgington Bogdan Hnat Sandra C. Chapman Mervyn P. Freeman John Greenhough 《Space Science Reviews》2005,121(1-4):271-284
Mandelbrot introduced the concept of fractals to describe the non-Euclidean shape of many aspects of the natural world. In
the time series context, he proposed the use of fractional Brownian motion (fBm) to model non-negligible temporal persistence,
the ‘Joseph Effect’; and Lévy flights to quantify large discontinuities, the ‘Noah Effect’. In space physics, both effects
are manifested in the intermittency and long-range correlation which are by now well-established features of geomagnetic indices
and their solar wind drivers. In order to capture and quantify the Noah and Joseph effects in one compact model, we propose
the application of the ‘bridging’ fractional Lévy motion (fLm) to space physics. We perform an initial evaluation of some
previous scaling results in this paradigm, and show how fLm can model the previously observed exponents. We suggest some new
directions for the future. 相似文献
534.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh 《Space Science Reviews》2005,120(3-4):243-286
The nature of the climatic response to solar forcing and its geographical coherence is reviewed. This information is of direct
relevance for evaluating solar forcing mechanisms and validating climate models.
Interpretation of Sun-climate relationships is hampered by difficulties in (1) translating proxy records into quantitative
climate parameters (2) obtaining accurate age assessments (3) elucidating spatial patterns and relationships (4) separating
solar forcing from other forcing mechanisms (5) lacking physical understanding of the solar forcing mechanisms. This often
limits assessment of past solar forcing of climate to identification of correlations between environmental change and solar
variability.
The noisy character and often insufficient temporal resolution of proxy records often exclude the detection of high frequency
decadal and bi-decadal cycles. However, on multi-decadal and longer time scales, notably the ∼90 years Gleisberg, and ∼200
years Suess cycles in the 10Be and 14C proxy records of solar activity are also well presented in the environmental proxy records. The additional ∼1500 years Bond
cycle may result from interference between centennial-band solar cycles.
Proxy evidence for Sun-climate relations is hardly present for Africa, South America and the marine realm; probably more due
to a lack of information than a lack of response to solar forcing. At low latitudes, equatorward movement of the ITCZ (upward
component of the Hadley cell) occurs upon a decrease in solar activity, explaining humidity changes for (1) Mesoamerica and
adjacent North and South American regions and (2) East Africa and the Indian and Chinese Monsoon systems. At middle latitudes
equatorward movement of the zonal circulation during solar minima probably (co-)induces wet and cool episodes in Western Europe,
and Terra del Fuego as well as humidity changes in Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the Mediterranean. The polar
regions seem to expand during solar minima which, at least for the northern hemisphere is evident in southward extension of
the Atlantic ice cover. The forcing-induced migration of climate regimes implies that solar forcing induces a non linear response
at a given location. This complicates the assessment of Sun-climate relations and calls for nonlinear analysis of multiple
long and high resolution records at regional scale. Unfortunately nonlinear Sun-climate analysis is still a largely barren
field, despite the fact that major global climate configurations (e.g. the ENSO and AO) follow nonlinear dynamics.
The strength of solar forcing relative to other forcings (e.g. volcanism, ocean circulation patterns, tides, and geomagnetism)
is another source of dynamic responses. Notably the climatic effects of tides and geomagnetism are hitherto largely enigmatic.
Few but well-dated studies suggest almost instantaneous, climatic deteriorations in response to rapid decreases in solar activity.
Such early responses put severe limits to the solar forcing mechanisms and the extent of this phenomenon should be a key issue
for future Sun-climate studies. 相似文献
535.
ISO performed a large variety of observing programmes on comets, asteroids and zodiacal light – covering about 1% of the archived
observations – with a surprisingly rewarding scientific return. Outstanding results were related to the exceptionally bright
comet Hale–Bopp and to ISO's capability to study in detail the water spectrum in a direct way. But many other results were
broadly recognised: Discovery of new molecules in comets, the studies of crystalline silicates, the work on asteroid surface
mineralogy, results from thermophysical studies of asteroids, a new determination of the asteroid number density in the main-belt
and last but not least, the investigations on the spatial and spectral features of the zodiacal light. 相似文献
536.
Each time a debris particle or a meteoroid strikes a satellite in orbit, a great amount of secondary particles is ejected in the neighborhood of the impact site. This phenomenon is important in particular for brittle materials, such as those used for solar arrays or thermal control paint. The secondary particles that do not impact other parts of the spacecraft are added to the primary debris population and hence increase the small debris particle flux. We describe an ejecta production model that gives the size and the velocity distribution of ejected particles as a function of primary impact parameters. The model has been used to explain the discrepancy between measurements and modeling of impact crater distribution on the solar arrays of the EuReCa spacecraft. 相似文献
537.
徐力君王东方刘旭 《民用飞机设计与研究》2015,(2):34-36,88
主要介绍了民用飞机蒙皮加筋壁板损伤容限的分析方法,以中间筋条断裂的两跨纵向裂纹为例,将影响结构损伤容限特性的因素分为三部分进行计算,分别是加筋效应、鼓胀效应以及应力分布效应,最终得到相对应的裂纹尖端的应力强度因子并且进行裂纹扩展分析及剩余强度计算。文中选取实例采用这种方法进行计算,并将计算结果与试验数据对比,两者吻合较好,说明了本方法的可行性及实用性。 相似文献
538.
简述了500MHz四通道数字存示波器HPE1426A的工作原理,详细介绍了在LabWindows/CVI编程环境下,满足VXI即插即用规范的仪器驱动器和软面板的设计步骤,方法与编程技术。 相似文献
539.
E. Marsch 《Space Science Reviews》1999,87(1-2):1-24
There are three major types of solar wind: The steady fast wind originating on open magnetic field lines in coronal holes,
the unsteady slow wind coming probably from the temporarily open streamer belt and the transient wind in the form of large
coronal mass ejections. The majority of the models is concerned with the fast wind, which is, at least during solar minimum,
the normal mode of the wind and most easily modeled by multi-fluid equations involving waves. The in-situ constraints imposed
on the models, mainly by the Helios (in ecliptic) and Ulysses (high-latitude) interplanetary measurements, are extensively
discussed with respect to fluid and kinetic properties of the wind. The recent SOHO observations have brought a wealth of
new information about the boundary conditions for the wind in the inner solar corona and about the plasma conditions prevailing
in the transition region and chromospheric sources of the wind plasma. These results are presented, and then some key questions
and scientific issues are identified.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
540.
The ionic charge distributions of solar energetic particles (SEP) as observed in interplanetary space provide fundamental
information about the origin of these particles, and the acceleration and propagation processes at the Sun and in interplanetary
space. In this paper we review the measurements of ionic charge states of energetic particles in interplanetary space and
discuss their implication for our understanding of SEP sources, and acceleration and propagation processes. 相似文献