Nomex蜂窝夹层结构面内剪切性能试验研究

采用改进设计的像框试验对Nomex蜂窝夹层结构的面内剪切性能进行了表征测试与研究。试验结果表明,在像框的持续性剪切载荷作用下,夹层结构首先发生了板-芯界面脱粘,继而蒙皮在竖直方向上形成了巨大的鼓包和皱褶。随着剪切载荷的增加,夹层结构最终发生了横向的断裂。多次试验结果所得的低于3%的离散率也预示出面内剪切像框试验的有效性和准确性。此外,试样和夹具之间的固定程度是影响面内剪切像框试验的关键因素。仅采用螺钉进行固定的试样测试时,螺钉受拉力的移动直接导致了夹层结构边缘破坏,然而样件本身所受像框的面内剪切载荷有限,试验无效。     

混合小推力航天器轨道保持高性能滑模控制

针对采用太阳帆、太阳电混合小推力推进的航天器，研究了其在日心悬浮轨道的保持控制问题。为解决已有控制方法中未综合考虑内部未建模动态和外部未知扰动的问题，以及进一步提高系统控制性能，设计了一种高性能滑模控制策略。首先，考虑模型不确定性，建立了混合小推力航天器在日心悬浮轨道柱面坐标系的动力学方程；其次，基于改进型条件积分滑模面和径向基（RBF）神经网络设计了控制律，结合自适应方法在线估计不确定参数；接着，将求取的虚拟控制量在推进剂最优条件下转换成实际控制量，即太阳帆姿态角和太阳电推进力；最后，数值仿真验证了上述设计方法提高了系统鲁棒性，减小了轨道位置超调，并且混合推进相比于单一太阳帆推进，在更短收敛时间内控制精度提高了4个数量级，相比于单一太阳电推进，一年可以节省约89.6%的推进剂。     

Aeroelastic stability analysis of heated flexible panel subjected to an oblique shock

The critical conditions for aeroelastic stability and the stability boundaries of a flexible two-dimensional heated panel subjected to an impinging oblique shock are considered using theoretical analysis and numerical computations, respectively. The von-Karman large deflection theory of isotropic flat plates is used to account for the geometrical nonlinearity of the heated panel, and local first-order piston theory is employed in the region before and after shock waves to estimate the aerodynamic pressure. The coupled partial differential governing equations, according to the Hamilton principle, are established with thermal effect based on quasi-steady thermal stress theory. The Galerkin discrete method is employed to truncate the partial differential equations into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical integration method. Lyapunov indirect method is applied to evaluate the stability of the heated panel. The results show that a new aeroelastic instability (distinct from regular panel flutter) arises from the complex interaction of the incident and reflected wave system with the panel flexural modes and thermal loads. What’s more, stability of the panel is reduced in the presence of the oblique shock. In other words, the heated panel becomes aeroelastically unstable at relatively small flight aerodynamic pressure.     

太阳能吸附除湿制冷的置换通风系统

根据现今空调的发展方向,介绍了一种新兴的通风方式——置换通风系统,论述了其原理及结合冷却顶板后的热舒适性条件．针对目前能源危机和生态环境恶化的状况,提出了基于太阳能吸附除湿制冷的置换通风送风系统．阐述了两者结合的节能、环保、创造热舒适环境的特性．      

太阳帆板平面度测量系统的误差补偿方法

介绍了一种采用斜光学三角形测量结构和基于虚拟精密测量基准的太阳帆板平面度无接触测量系统及误差补偿方法.提出的虚拟精密基准的建模与误差补偿技术,解决了在非精密基准上实现精密测量这一难题,使得所研制的测量系统利用现有平台可实现对太阳帆板平面度的高精度测量.实际测量结果表明,该测量系统对面积为2581mm×1755mm太阳帆板的平面度测量精度达0.02mm(RMS).     

进化神经网络在复合材料格栅结构设计中的应用

根据Kolmogorov多层神经网络映射存在定理,利用进化神经网络来实现结构设计参数(输入)与结构响应参数(输出)的全局非线性映射关系,以此来代替实际结构优化过程中存在的大量有限元计算,从而提高优化效率。以遗传算法为优化求解器,神经网络屈曲稳定性响应面为主要约束,对复合材料格栅加筋结构的优化问题进行了分析研究。算例表明,在相同(有限元)样本数据的情况下,进化神经网络通过自适应调节网络结构和权值,可获得比BP神经网络更高精度的映射模型,具有很强的泛化能力。该方法可为解决大型复合材料结构优化设计提供一条高效途径。     

太阳模拟器大功率短弧氙灯水平点燃的稳弧研究

大功率短弧氙灯的稳弧是氙灯水平点燃太阳模拟器研制中的关键技术之一。文章介绍了太阳模拟器大功率短弧氙灯水平点燃的稳弧研究方法、研究试验过程和试验数据,分析并给出了相关的试验结论。     

火星太阳电池翼除尘方法综述

“萤火一号”火星探测器即将发射升空,标志着我国火星探测计划实施的开始。然而,火星尘埃在范德华力和静电力的作用下积聚在太阳电池翼的表面,使其转换效率下降,影响火星探测器的寿命。因此,开展火星太阳电池翼除尘技术的研究是非常有意义的。文章主要介绍了火星太阳电池翼的除尘方法,特别是目前最受关注的电帘除尘方法,并对其基本结构、除尘原理、除尘效率和透光性做了详细的描述,对开展火星太阳电池翼除尘技术的研究具有一定的参考作用。     

空间太阳望远镜热光学环境试验技术

空间太阳望远镜在轨期间,空间环境温度变化会严重影响望远镜成像质量,降低分辨率,因此空间太阳望远镜在模拟空间环境下的热光学试验是其研制过程中的关键技术之一。文章介绍了国外部分空间望远镜的热光学试验及低温光学试验设备,并针对国内空间太阳望远镜的研制和试验研究,提出了一些建设性的意见。     

Empirical model of cosmic ray spectrum in energy interval 1 MeV–100 GeV during 11-year solar cycle

The galactic cosmic rays (GCR) are the main ionization source at altitude of ∼3–35 km in the atmosphere. For high latitude anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) component has also a significant influence on the atmospheric ionization. We propose an empirical model for differential spectra D(E) of galactic and anomalous cosmic rays in energy interval 1 MeV–100 GeV during solar cycle. In the model data are used which cover three solar cycles: 20, 22 and 23. The LEAP87, IMAX92, CAPRICE94, AMS98 and BESS experimental spectra for protons and alpha particles are fitted to the proposed empirical model. The modulated GCR differential spectra are compared with force-field approximation to the one-dimensional transport equation and with solutions of two-dimensional cosmic ray transport equation. For experimental spectra, the calculation of the model parameters is performed by Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, applied to the special case of least squares. Algorithm that combines the rapid local convergence of Newton–Raphson method with globally convergent method for non-linear systems of equations is applied for theoretically obtained differential spectra. The described programmes are realized in algorithmic language C++. The proposed model gives practical possibility for investigation of experimental data from measurements of galactic cosmic rays and their anomalous component.